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- Path: sparky!uunet!gumby!destroyer!fmsrl7!tgl
- From: tgl@slee01.srl.ford.com (Tom Leone)
- Newsgroups: rec.autos.tech
- Subject: Re: EGR/Fuel Economy [Was: Re: Poor Economy--318 Mopar]
- Date: 27 Jan 1993 17:14:57 GMT
- Organization: Ford Motor Company Research Laboratory
- Lines: 104
- Message-ID: <1k6fuhINNf0k@fmsrl7.srl.ford.com>
- References: <1993Jan26.121144.23405@newstand.syr.edu>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: slee02.srl.ford.com
- X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL5
-
- I wrote:
- : >YES, EGR does improve fuel economy. There are several reasons:
- : >
- : >(1) Reduced "pumping work" needed to move gases from a low-pressure
- : >intake to a high-pressure exhaust. When you dilute the air/fuel
- : >mixture with EGR, you must increase intake pressure (open the throttle
- : >more) to get the same mass of air/fuel for the same torque. Note
- : >EGR is automatically turned off at wide-open-throttle, so you get
- : >the same maximum torque/power.
-
- Bob Valentine wrote:
- : Ok, so at part throttle, where a engine spends most of it's time,
- : you have to supply more throttle to get the same amount of power as if
- : you didn't have EGR. At WOT and idle, it is off.
- :
- : >(2) Reduced heat transfer losses, due to lower combustion temperatures.
- : >
- : >(3) Less dissociation in the burned gases, due to lower combustion
- : >temperatures (allows fuller use of fuel's energy for useful work).
- :
- : Explain a little further on 2 and 3.....
-
- Well, diluting the mixture lowers combustion temperatures because you
- have to heat up some unreactive gases. That's the main idea of EGR,
- because lower temperatures decrease emissions of NOX.
-
- It also reduces heat transfer, because convective heat transfer
- is proportional to the difference in temperature (between gas
- and walls), and radiative heat transfer is proportional to the
- difference of the FOURTH POWER of the temperatures. Less heat
- lost to the walls means a greater percentage of the heat is
- going into increased gas pressure, therefore increased work.
-
- Likewise, dissociation of molecules occurs at very high temperatures,
- and requires energy. If you avoid dissociation with lower
- temperatures, you don't waste that energy. According to the text
- I quoted (Heywood), this effect is about half as important as
- the pumping and heat transfer effects (which are about equally
- important).
-
- I wrote:
- : >There may also be some benefit from better fuel evaporation and mixing,
- : >due to hot exhaust gas in the intake. The only problems are a decrease
- : >in burn rate, and misfiring for excessively high EGR rates.
- :
- Bob Valentine wrote:
- : Gee, last time I checked the whole idea was to try and get as
- : "cold" a charge of air/fuel into the combustion chamber. Ducting air
- : from in front of the radiatior, "cool cans" used on street/strip and
- : race cars.....
-
- Yes, at WIDE OPEN THROTTLE you want cool air, which is more
- dense, and therefore allows you to inject more fuel for more
- power. At part throttle, warm air is better to evaporate the
- fuel.
-
- Even the obsolete carbureted cars have "flapper" valves to take
- warm air from around the exhaust during part throttle. They are
- vacuum-operated, so they take cold air at wide-open throttle
- (less vacuum). And again, the EGR is automatically off at
- wide-open throttle, so it does not heat up the air. And, I
- don't like your "tone of voice", especially when you are wrong.
-
- I wrote:
- : >Reference: Heywood, "Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals", p. 837-8,
- : >including graph showing approximately 10% improvement in fuel economy
- : >for 20% EGR (for a certain engine and speed/load point).
- : ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- Bob Valentine wrote:
- : Exactly. At some point, there will be a gain. But at what
- : percentage of the time does the engine run at that point, and will the
- : losses to either side of that point compensate for the gain at that
- : point. Given, that point is not a tiny little peak, but still....
-
- What losses on either side? The EGR valve is designed to give the
- optimum amount of EGR at all times. The modern systems are
- computer-controlled, and even the older systems use a vacuum signal
- to get approximately the right amount. Even a little EGR is better
- than none, and the only possible loss is if you have way too much
- EGR and hit misfire. And during typical driving, a huge percentage
- of the time is spent at part throttle, where EGR is a great fuel
- saver. When you are accelerating hard, the EGR goes off automatically
- and you have good power. What's the problem?
-
- : BTW, in all this, I'm refering to domestic, carb'd cars. FI'd
- : cars don't really respond to removal of the EGR, and I KNOW that a bad
- : EGR on a FI'd car will cause it to run shitty. Due to the
- : fact the the computer is expecting to see it there. Most of the
- : flame directed at EGR is probably due to FAULTY EGR systems. Engine
- : runs rich, bad MPG, bad power.
- : Ever try to unclog the EGR passages in a V-8 intake (302 Ford)?
- : The next engine I had this happen on (307 Olds), I just jetted the
- : carb leaner, and got the same results as the cleaned 302. The Olds
- : even passed emissions cleaner than the Ford.....
-
- Agreed that a defective system will hurt performance. That is true
- whether it is a defective EGR valve, carburetor, ignition system,
- or whatever.
-
- What's your problem with EGR when it helps BOTH emissions
- and fuel economy (unusual), plus is fairly simple and inexpensive,
- and does not hurt performance (even more unusual)?
-
- Tom Leone <tgl@slee01.srl.ford.com>
-