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- From: rossi@cs.tu-berlin.de (Oliver Rosenkranz)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.atari.8bit
- Subject: DOS overview
- Date: 26 Jan 1993 16:56:28 GMT
- Organization: Technical University of Berlin, Germany
- Lines: 352
- Message-ID: <1k3qfsINN6qq@news.cs.tu-berlin.de>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: hombre.cs.tu-berlin.de
- Keywords: DOS
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-
- DOS overview
-
- by Oliver Rosenkranz
-
- Many Thanks to all the guys who supported me :
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
-
- DOS - Disk Operating System
-
-
- No ATARI 8 bit computer (the original ones) have an operting system onboard
- which is able to control/use a disk drive. This is because (a) ATARI computers
- have be developed in the 1970s when diskette technology was expensive,
- (b) such a DOS needs lots of memory which programs loaded by cassette can use,
- (c) ATARI didn't want to waste ROM (ROM was expensive, too), (d) a ROM-
- installed DOS would have set the standard of 1970s-software for the '80s and
- '90s (with their further hardware developments).
-
- So, ATARI decided to give the user a disk-based tool named DOS.
- And because of this decision DOS 1.0 found its way to the ATARI community.
- But this tool was full of bugs and was not very user-friendly.
- So ATARI and others began to write new DOSses for the 8 bit and through the
- years new disk drives and floppy speeders gave the ATARIans a desire for
- better software to take full advantage of their hardware.
-
- Now, in 1993 the number of different (?) DOS variants has been increased
- in a way that the 'normal' user isn't able anymore to overview them.
-
-
- I don't want to begin a never-ending discussion about the best or worst DOS
- ever published. Every user has its special interests and hardware configura-
- tions, needs other features and has his own requirements to a DOS.
-
- I hope that I give YOU (whether you are an ATARI enthusiast or novice user)
- a little help and/or guideline through this jungle of different programs.
-
- It's a matter of fact that I can't neither own all the DOS versions ever pro-
- duced for the 8 bit nor know all the features a every DOS offers.
- So, if you're missing a DOS or even a fact here, don't flame me but send me
- a mail (rossi@cs.tu-berlin.de) telling me about it. Write down all the details
- you did't see here and I will write them down and add them to the list.
-
- I NEED YOUR HELP AND SUPPORT IF THIS ARTICLE SHOULD BE A HELP FOR OTHERS.
- Thank you in advance.
- --==rossi==--
-
- Oliver Rosenkranz
- rossi@cs.tu-berlin.de
-
- =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
-
- THE BASICS :
- ------------
- Each Disk Operating System for the 400/800/800XL/600XL/1200XL/130XE (and others)
- has to offer several basic functions to control a disk environment. If some/
- a lot/all of those important features are absent, the program should better
- be called other than DOS.
- These functions are :
-
- * to show (and maybe print) a disk directory
- * to format/initialize a diskette
- * to load a file into memory
- * to save memory to a disk file
- * to rename a file
- * to lock/unlock a file
- * to delete a file from disk
- * to copy a file from a disk to a disk
- * to copy a whole diskette
- * to go to a memory address (to start a program)
- * to write a executeable DOS to a diskette
- * to go to a cartridge (BASIC for XL/XE)
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Each DOS has special advantages/disadvantages.
- For example :
- A disk directory must not contain more than 64 (128) entries. So it's a
- difference whether the DOS is only one file or two or maybe 15 files.
- Many programmers use BASIC to write programs. But the more memory DOS uses
- the less memory is free for BASIC programs.
- Or...or...or...
-
- So, here is a tabular in which some of the most important features are given
- to you. Compare them with each other...
-
- A (user interface) - in which way does DOS communicate with the user
- B (? FRE(0) ) - how much memory can be accessed under ATARI BASIC when
- using a DOS
- C (memory residence) - is the WHOLE DOS (i.e. DOS.SYS and DUP.SYS) still in
- memory when you leave it (maybe to BASIC) and do you
- have to reload it when you want to return to DOS ?
- D (language) - many DOS variants are written by people thinking of
- local interests
- E (number of files) - how many files do you have to put on a disk if you want
- to load a complete DOS
- F (number of sectors)- how many sectors are allocated by DOS
- G (densities) - which disk densities are supported by DOS
- S - single density
- M - medium density
- D - double density
- Q - quad density
- O - other density
- H (# of sectors DOS) - how many sectors do you have to reserve for DOS.SYS
- I (# of sectors DUP) - " " " " " " " " " " " DUP.SYS
- J (RESET) - is the WHOLE DOS still in memory when RESET has been
- pressed ?
-
- Name A B C D E F G H I J
-
- DOS 1.0 menu 28814 yes english 1 64 S 64 - no
- DOS 2.0 menu 32274 no english 2 81 S 39 42 no
- DOS 2.5 menu 32418 no english/nl/ 2 79 SM 37 42 no
- german
- DOS 3.0 menu 32274 yes english/ ? ? O ? ? no
- german
- DOS II+/D 4.3M command 32085 yes english 1 37 SM 37 - yes
- DOS II+/D 6.1 command 31502 yes english 1 38 SMD 38 - yes
- Happy DOS 1050 menu 31176 yes english 2 71 SMD 37 34 yes
- DOS 2.5m menu 32418 no german 2 79 SM 37 42 no
- Funny DOS 3.0 menu 32274 no english 2 115 O 39 76 no
- K-DOS command 26956 yes english 9 151 S 81 - no
- DOS XL 2.20 command 30990 yes english ? ? SMD 46 ? yes
- DOS XL 2.30 command 30990 yes english 19 628 SMD 46 59 yes
- Top-DOS .2 menu 31758 yes english 2 106 SDQ 38 68 choose
- Top-DOS 1.5a menu 32014 yes english 2 126 SDQ 37 89 choose
- SpartaDOS 1.1 command 31502 yes english 4 ? O ? ? yes
- SpartaDOS 3.2c command 32654 yes english 3 ? O ? ? yes
- MultiBoot XL4.0 menu - no english - - O - - no
- SmartDOS 6.1D menu 31734 no english 2 104 SD 34 70 choose
- SmartDOS 8.2D menu 32502 no english 2 104 SD 34 70 choose
- DOS 2.6f menu 32274 no english 2 115 S 39 76 no
- DOS 2.9 menu 32274 no english 2 115 O 39 76 no
- OS/A+ V2.0/4DOS command 31630 yes english 1 44 S 44 - yes
- MyDOS 3.013 menu 32424 no english 2 70 SD 28 42 yes
- MyDOS 4.50d menu 31781 no english 2 89 SD 35 54 yes
- XL-TOS 1.0 desktop 32418 no english 5 493 SD 37 50 no
- G.O.S. 1.3 desktop 32274 no english/ 5 228 S 37 168 no
- german
- MachDOS 2.6XL menu 30222 no english 3 94 SD 37 50 yes
- BiboDOS 5.4RN menu 31765 yes german 2 84 SMD 39 45 yes
- BiboDOS 5.4RF menu 31216 yes german 2 84 SMD 39 45 yes
- BiboDOS 5.4RFXF menu 31569 yes german 2 84 SMDQ 39 45 yes
- BiboDOS 5.5RF menu 31901 yes german 2 84 SMD(Q)39 45 yes
- ANTIC DOS 4.0 menu 39967? no english 2 ? SMD ? 48 no
- 1050 WS DOS 2.0 menu 23754 no english 2 81 SD 39 42 no
- Action! DOS command 31758 yes english 1 38 S 38 - yes
- GEM-DOS desktop - no english 7 216 S 39 - no
- DOS IIs menu 32274 no english 2 81 S 39 42 no
- TurboDOS XE 2.0 command 31890 no english/ 2 73 SMDQ 33 40 yes
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- How man disk drives can be connected to your ATARI when using DOS :
-
- Name D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9
- DOS 1.0 * * * *
- DOS 2.0 * * * *
- DOS 2.5 * * * *
- DOS 2.5m * * * *
- DOS 3.0 * * * * * * * *
- DOS 2.6f * * * *
- DOS 2.9 * * * *
- Funny DOS 3.0 * * * *
- DOS II+/D 4.3M * * * *
- DOS II+/D 6.1 * * * * * * * *
- Happy DOS 1050 * * * * * * * *
- K-DOS * * * *
- DOS XL 2.20 * * * * * * * *
- DOS XL 2.30 * * * * * * * *
- Top-DOS .2 * * * * * * * *
- Top-DOS 1.5a * * * * * * * *
- SpartaDOS 1.1 ???
- SpartaDOS 3.2c ???
- MultiBoot XL4.0 *
- SmartDOS 6.1D * * * *
- SmartDOS 8.2D * * * *
- OS/A+ V2.0/4DOS * * * * * * * * *
- MyDOS 3.013 * * * * * * * * *
- MyDOS 4.50d * * * * * * * *
- XL-TOS 1.0 * *
- G.O.S. 1.3 * * *
- MachDOS 2.6XL * * * *
- BiboDOS (all) * * * * * * * *
- ANTIC! DOS 4.0 ???
- 1050 WS DOS 2.0 * * * * * * * * *
- Action! DOS * * * * * * * * *
- GEM-DOS * *
- DOS IIs * * * *
- TurboDOS XE 2.0 * * * * * * * *
-
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- But statistics isn't all....
-
- Here are the features the DOS variants are standing for...
-
-
- DOS 1.0 -devine device -full of bugs
-
- DOS 2.0 -standard -not very user-friendly
-
- DOS 2.5 -better than DOS 2.0 but not really user-friendly
-
- DOS 3.0 -uses system files -not kompatible to DOS 2.5
- -convert DOS 2 -Files -online help
- -create your own commands
-
- DOS 2.5m -like DOS 2.5 but without the need to press RETURN
- after the command letter
-
- DOS II+/D 4.3M -clear disk (delete files & new dir)
- -diskname
- -mini ml monitor (mem-dump,mem-change,show registers)
- -12KB RANdisk (build-in,M: $5000 - $7F00)
-
- DOS II+/D 6.1 -like version 4.3M
- -other features ???
-
- Happy DOS 1050 -1011 free sectors (1010 are normal)
- -revive file -no RETURN after command
-
- FunnyDOS 3.0 -931 free sectors -drive speed test
- -radix convert (hex,dec)-check sectors
- -copy sectors
- (DOS 2.9 is like this one but with a black background)
-
- DOS 2.6f -like Funny DOS 3.0 but only 707 free sectors
- (for ATARI 810 users)
-
- K-DOS -uses system files -revive file
- -ml monitor (procede,examine,alter register)
- -boots system if RESET is pressed
- -kill -UDC
-
- DOS XL 2.20 -uses system files
- -other features ???
-
- DOS XL 2.30 -uses system files
- -other features ???
-
- Top-DOS .2 -undelete -create your own commands
- -ml monitor (read,edit) -bypass-cartridge (choosable)
- -set left margin -Auto-RS232 (choosable)
- -system drive# -number of buffers
-
- Top-DOS 1.5a -like version .2
- -choosable RAMdisk#
- -set time-out -error list
- -online help -number conversion
-
- SpartaDOS 1.1 -diskname -uses system files
- -sub-directories -not compatible with DOS 2.5
- -different dir (name,bytes,date,time)
- -undelete -system clock
-
- SpartaDOS 3.2c -like version 1.1 -extra date/time line
- -easy multifile copy -various disk init formats
- -speed check -sector copy
-
- MultiBoot XL! 4.0 -not really a DOS but a disk/cassette-copy/load utility
- -not compatible with DOS 2.5
- -it options : write MB4.0, load boot prg cass/disk,
- write boot prg cass/disk, copy file
- rename file,sector copy,format disk
- delete file
-
- SmartDOS 6.1D -copy sectors -test sectors
- (RANA-DOS) -speed check -easy to use
-
- SmartDOS 8.2D -like version 6.1D
- -less memory needed -other features ???
-
- OS/A+ V.2.00/4 DOS -uses system files
- -other features ???
-
- MyDOS 3.013 -drive configuration -choose system drive#
- -directory name
-
- XL-TOS 1.0 -uses windows,icons,pull-down-menues
- -no wrtieTOS,save file,copy file/disk, go address
- feature
-
- G.O.S. 1.3 -uses window/icons/pull-down-menues
- -sub-directories -change colors
- -directory name -disk name/drive name
- -print file -edit file
-
- MachDOS v2.6XL -choose system drive# -convert files
-
- BiboDOS 5.4 RN -good RAMdisk support -easy to use
- -configuration (#of buffers, RAMdisk resident?,
- RAMdisk?,keyboard buffer?)
- -startup edit -1011 free sectors
- -undelete -dir when number-key is pressed
- -supports XF551
-
- BiboDOS 5.4 RF -like version 5.4RN -supports several disk speeders
-
- BiboDOS 5.4 RN/XF -like version 5.4RN -especially written for XF551
- users
-
- BiboDOS 5.5 RF -like version 5.4RF -BASIC on/off
- -clear disk -show file
- -special configuration (repeat frequence,wait time)
-
- ANTIC! DOS 4.0 ???
-
- 1050 Warp Speed DOS 2.0 -like DOS 2.0 -supports warp speed
-
- Action! DOS -like OS/A+ DOS -dir shows a line '# of files'
-
- GEM-DOS -uses windows,icons,pull-down-menues,icons for files
- -full of bugs
-
- DOS IIs -like DOS 2.0 -special copy routine
-
- Turbo-DOS XE V2.0 HS -short info about all commands (without disk access)
- -uses system files -show/edit system variables
- -radix convert(hex,dez,ATASCII)
- -hexdump/edit -BASIC on/off
- -recognizes automatically the density of the disk
- -look at load/start addresses/areas of files
- -get file checksum -show files
- -clear dir -give command chain to cartridge
- -write fileloaderDOS to disk (GAMEDOS)
- -batch files -disk copy with density-mix
- -supports disk speeder -complex but easy to use options for most commands
- -online help -support for XF551
-
- ----------------------- without any guarantees --------------------------------
-
- This list is incomplete. To make it more complete and help all users to
- choose between DOS variants, please check out this list for failures or/and
- lecks of information. If you find some facts I didn't pay attention for,
- drop me a line via email (rossi@cs.tu-berlin.de) and I will update this list
- and put your name to it, if the hint is new to me/the list.
- Even if you have a new DOS or another DOS version you don't find on this list
- gimme a description of it with all the facts you know about it which are impor-
- tant for the list...
-
- Thank you in advance
- --==rossi==--
- Oliver Rosenkranz
- rossi@cs.tu-berlin.de
-
-
-