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- Sender: Discussion regarding Chile <CHILE-L%USACHVM1.BITNET@uchcecvm.cec.uchile.cl>
- From: "Juan Carlos Barroux - Technical Consultant - Latin America"
- <Juan.Barroux@CORP.SUN.COM>
- Subject: Chile - CIA database
- Original-To: Multiple recipients of list CHILE-L <CHILE-L@USACHVM1.BITNET>
- Newsgroups: chile.chile-l
- Distribution: chile
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- Date: Tue, 26 Jan 1993 09:30:47 CST
-
- Estimados CHILE-Lenos,
-
- Miren lo que encontre en una base de datos publica que decia ser de la CIA.
-
- Muchos saludos a toditos.
-
- Juan Carlos
-
- Frase del Dia Patron:
-
- "Well, I don't know what will happen now. We've been to the mountain
- top. I won't mind. Like anybody, I would like a long life. Longevity
- has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do
- God's will. And he's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've
- looked over, and I've seen the promised land. I may not get there with
- you, but I want you to know tonight that we as a people will get to the
- promised land. So I'm happy tonight. I'm not worried about anything.
- I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of
- the Lord."
-
- Martin Luther King 1929-1968
- Discurso en Menphis, 3 de Abril 1968, el dia antes de ser asesinado.
-
-
-
- Chile Geography
-
- Total area:
- 756,950 km2
- Land area:
- 748,800 km2; includes Isla de Pascua (Easter Island) and Isla Sala y Gomez
- Comparative area:
- slightly smaller than twice the size of Montana
- Land boundaries:
- 6,171 km; Argentina 5,150 km, Bolivia 861 km, Peru 160 km
- Coastline:
- 6,435 km
- Maritime claims:
- Contiguous zone:
- 24 nm
- Continental shelf:
- 200 nm
- Exclusive economic zone:
- 200 nm
- Territorial sea:
- 12 nm
- Disputes:
- short section of the southern boundary with Argentina is
- indefinite; Bolivia has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South
- Pacific Ocean since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884;
- dispute with Bolivia over Rio Lauca water rights; territorial claim
- in Antarctica (Chilean Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps
- Argentine claim
- Climate:
- temperate; desert in north; cool and damp in south
- Terrain:
- low coastal mountains; fertile central valley; rugged Andes in east
- Natural resources:
- copper, timber, iron ore, nitrates, precious metals, molybdenum
- Land use:
- arable land 7%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 16%; forest and
- woodland 21%; other 56%; includes irrigated 2%
- Environment:
- subject to severe earthquakes, active volcanism, tsunami; Atacama Desert one
- of world's driest regions; desertification
- Note:
- strategic location relative to sea lanes between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
- (Strait of Magellan, Beagle Channel, Drake Passage)
-
- Chile People
-
- Population:
- 13,528,945 (July 1992), growth rate 1.6% (1992)
- Birth rate:
- 21 births/1,000 population (1992)
- Death rate:
- 6 deaths/1,000 population (1992)
- Net migration rate:
- 0 migrants/1,000 population (1992)
- Infant mortality rate:
- 17 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- 71 years male, 77 years female (1992)
- Total fertility rate:
- 2.5 children born/woman (1992)
- Nationality:
- noun - Chilean(s); adjective - Chilean
- Ethnic divisions:
- European and European-Indian 95%, Indian 3%, other 2%
- Religions:
- Roman Catholic 89%, Protestant 11%, and small Jewish population
- Languages:
- Spanish
- Literacy:
- 93% (male 94%, female 93%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
- Labor force:
- 4,728,000; services 38.3% (includes government 12%); industry and commerce
- 33.8%; agriculture, forestry, and fishing 19.2%; mining 2.3%; construction
- 6.4% (1990)
- Organized labor:
- 13% of labor force (1990)
-
- Chile Government
-
- Long-form name:
- Republic of Chile
- Type:
- republic
- Capital:
- Santiago
- Administrative divisions:
- 13 regions (regiones, singular - region); Aisen del General Carlos Ibanez
- del Campo, Antofagasta, Araucania, Atacama, Bio-Bio, Coquimbo, Libertador
- General Bernardo O'Higgins, Los Lagos, Magallanes y de la Antartica Chilena,
- Maule, Region Metropolitana, Tarapaca, Valparaiso; note - the US does not
- recognize claims to Antarctica
- Independence:
- 18 September 1810 (from Spain)
- Constitution:
- 11 September 1980, effective 11 March 1981; amended 30 July 1989
- Legal system:
- based on Code of 1857 derived from Spanish law and subsequent codes
- influenced by French and Austrian law; judicial review of legislative acts
- in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
- National holiday:
- Independence Day, 18 September (1810)
- Executive branch:
- president, Cabinet
- Legislative branch:
- bicameral National Congress (Congreso Nacional) consisting of an upper house
- or Senate (Senado) and a lower house or Chamber of Deputies (Camara de
- Diputados)
- Judicial branch:
- Supreme Court (Corte Suprema)
- Leaders:
- Chief of State and Head of Government:
- President Patricio AYLWIN Azocar (since 11 March 1990)
- Political parties and leaders:
- Concertation of Parties for Democracy now consists mainly of five parties -
- Christian Democratic Party (PDC), Eduardo FREI Ruiz-Tagle; Party for
- Democracy (PPD), Erich SCHNAKE; Radical Party (PR), Carlos GONZALEZ Marquez;
- Social Democratic Party (PSP), Roberto MUNOZ Barros; Socialist Party (PS),
- Ricardo NUNEZ; National Renovation (RN), Andres ALLAMAND; Independent
- Democratic Union (UDI), Julio DITTBORN; Center-Center Union (UCC), Francisco
- Juner ERRAZURIZA; Communist Party of Chile (PCCh), Volodia TEITELBOIM;
- Movement of Revolutionary Left (MIR) is splintered, no single leader
- Suffrage:
- universal and compulsory at age 18
- Elections:
- Chamber of Deputies:
- last held 14 December 1989 (next to be held December 1993 or January 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (120 total) Concertation of
- Parties for Democracy 72 (PDC 38, PPD 17, PR 5, other 12), RN 29, UDI 11,
- right-wing independents 8
- President:
- last held 14 December 1989 (next to be held December 1993 or January 1994);
- results - Patricio AYLWIN (PDC) 55.2%, Hernan BUCHI 29.4%, other 15.4%
- Senate:
- last held 14 December 1989 (next to be held December 1993 or January 1994);
- results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (46 total, 38 elected)
- Concertation of Parties for Democracy 22 (PDC 13, PPD 5, PR 2, PSD 1, PRSD
- 1), RN 6, UDI 2, independents 8
-
- Chile Government
-
- Communists:
- The PCCh has legal party status and has less than 60,000 members
- Other political or pressure groups:
- revitalized university student federations at all major universities
- dominated by opposition political groups; labor - United Labor Central (CUT)
- includes trade unionists from the country's five largest labor
- confederations; Roman Catholic Church
- Member of:
- CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD,
- IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES,
- LAIA, LORCS, OAS, OPANAL, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMOGIP,
- UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WFTV, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
- Diplomatic representation:
- Ambassador Patricio SILVA Echenique; Chancery at 1732 Massachusetts Avenue
- NW, Washington, DC 20036; telephone (202) 785-1746; there are Chilean
- Consulates General in Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, Philadelphia,
- and San Francisco
- US:
- Ambassador Curtis KAMMAN; Embassy at Codina Building, 1343 Agustinas,
- Santiago (mailing address is APO AA 34033); telephone [56] (2) 671-0133; FAX
- [56] (2) 699-1141
- Flag:
- two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square
- the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band;
- the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center; design was based
- on the US flag
-
- Chile Economy
-
- Overview:
- The government of President Aylwin, which took power in 1990, has opted to
- retain the orthodox economic policies of Pinochet, although the share of
- spending for social welfare has risen slightly. In 1991 growth in GDP
- recovered to 5.5% (led by consumer spending) after only 2.1% growth in 1990.
- The tight monetary policy of 1990 helped cut the rate of inflation from
- 27.3% in 1990 to 18.7% in 1991. Despite a 12% drop in copper prices, the
- trade surplus rose in 1991, and international reserves increased.
- Inflationary pressures are not expected to ease much in 1992, and economic
- growth is likely to approach 7%.
- GDP:
- exchange rate conversion - $30.5 billion, per capita $2,300; real growth
- rate 5.5% (1991 est.)
- Inflation rate (consumer prices):
- 18.7% (1991)
- Unemployment rate:
- 6.5% (1991)
- Budget:
- revenues $7.6 billion; expenditures $8.3 billion, including capital
- expenditures of $772 million (1991 est.)
- Exports:
- $8.9 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
- commodities:
- copper 50%, other metals and minerals 7%, wood products 6.5%, fish and
- fishmeal 9%, fruits 5% (1989)
- partners:
- EC 36%, US 18%, Japan 14%, Brazil 6% (1989)
- Imports:
- $7.4 billion (f.o.b., 1991)
- commodities:
- petroleum, wheat, capital goods, spare parts, raw materials
- partners:
- EC 20%, US 20%, Japan 11%, Brazil 10% (1989)
- External debt:
- $16.2 billion (October 1991)
- Industrial production:
- growth rate 5.9% (1991 est.); accounts for 36% of GDP
- Electricity:
- 5,502,800 kW capacity; 21,470 million kWh produced, 1,616 kWh per capita
- (1991)
- Industries:
- copper, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and steel, wood
- and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles
- Agriculture:
- accounts for about 9% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); major
- exporter of fruit, fish, and timber products; major crops - wheat, corn,
- grapes, beans, sugar beets, potatoes, deciduous fruit; livestock products -
- beef, poultry, wool; self-sufficient in most foods; 1989 fish catch of 6.1
- million metric tons; net agricultural importer
- Economic aid:
- US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $521 million; Western (non-US)
- countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.6 billion;
- Communist countries (1970-89), $386 million
- Currency:
- Chilean peso (plural - pesos); 1 Chilean peso (Ch$) = 100 centavos
- Exchange rates:
- Chilean pesos (Ch$) per US$1 - 368.66 (January 1992), 349.37 (1991), 305.06
- (1990), 267.16 (1989), 245.05 (1988), 219.54 (1987)
- Fiscal year:
- calendar year
-
- Chile Communications
-
- Railroads:
- 7,766 km total; 3,974 km 1.676-meter gauge, 150 km 1.435-meter standard
- gauge, 3,642 km 1.000-meter gauge; electrification, 1,865 km 1.676-meter
- gauge, 80 km 1.000-meter gauge
- Highways:
- 79,025 km total; 9,913 km paved, 33,140 km gravel, 35,972 km improved and
- unimproved earth (1984)
- Inland waterways:
- 725 km
- Pipelines:
- crude oil 755 km; petroleum products 785 km; natural gas 320 km
- Ports:
- Antofagasta, Iquique, Puerto Montt, Punta Arenas, Valparaiso, San Antonio,
- Talcahuano, Arica
- Merchant marine:
- 33 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 468,873 GRT/780,932 DWT; includes 11
- cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 3 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 2 petroleum tanker, 1
- chemical tanker, 3 liquefied gas, 3 combination ore/oil, 9 bulk; note - in
- addition, 2 naval tanker and 2 military transport are sometimes used
- commercially
- Civil air:
- 29 major transport aircraft
- Airports:
- 390 total, 349 usable; 48 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways
- over 3,659 m; 12 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 58 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
- Telecommunications:
- modern telephone system based on extensive microwave relay facilities;
- 768,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 159 AM, no FM, 131 TV, 11
- shortwave; satellite ground stations - 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 3
- domestic
-
- Chile Defense Forces
-
- Branches:
- Army of the Nation, National Navy (including Naval Air, Coast Guard, and
- Marines), Air Force of the Nation, Carabineros of Chile (National Police),
- Investigative Police
- Manpower availability:
- males 15-49, 3,600,654; 2,685,924 fit for military service; 118,480 reach
- military age (19) annually
- Defense expenditures:
- exchange rate conversion - $1 billion, 3.4% of GDP (1991 est.)
-
- /Chile/
-