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- Date: Fri, 22 Jan 1993 16:28:15 EDT
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- From: Stuart <UMPLEBY@GWUVM.GWU.EDU>
- Subject: Re: means, ends, politics
- In-Reply-To: Message of Tue, 10 Nov 92 07:34:23 EDT from <JIXUANHU@GWUVM>
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-
- I very much like Bill Powers comments on means and ends. I had not thought of
- the issue in terms of cognitive complexity and I think that his contribution he
- re is very important.
- Regarding taxes and equality, progressive taxes (heavier on the rich) coul
- d be thought of as a negative feedback loop. Regressive taxes (heavier on the
- poor) would be an example of positive feedback. Income taxes are progressive,
- sales taxes are regressive. As an example, in Europe higher education is free,
- but the sons and daughters of the professional classes use it more than the so
- ns and daughters of the working classes. Since it is paid for by general gover
- nment revenues, free higher education is a regressive system, yet it is insiste
- d upon by the socialist parties in Europe. The conservative parties tend to fa
- vor a more nearly pay as you go system, closer to the U.S. What is happening h
- ere?
- I think that the economists would note, regarding regulations, that large o
- rganizations are better able to cope with regulations than small organizations.
- Mom-and-pop stores can be overwhelmed and forced out of business by the need to
- fill out federal forms. I believe it was President Carter who established the
- Federal Paperwork Commission to deal with this problem. Regulation thus affec
- ts the ability of new businesses to enter the market. Regulations can protect
- the general public and are essential to preventing a variety of abuses, but the
- y can at times act like a flywheel on society, holding back innovation. One ap
- proach to dealing with the mix of pros and cons is "sunset laws" -- laws vanish
- x number of years in the future unless deliberately reenacted.
-