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- From: au500@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Linda Zinn)
- Newsgroups: alt.usage.english
- Subject: Re: Will vs. Shall
- Date: 24 Jan 1993 14:22:38 GMT
- Organization: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (USA)
- Lines: 39
- Message-ID: <1ju8neINN8nk@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
- References: <1993Jan23.190644.10119@midway.uchicago.edu> <1js1usINNskg@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
- Reply-To: au500@cleveland.Freenet.Edu (Linda Zinn)
- NNTP-Posting-Host: slc4.ins.cwru.edu
-
-
- In a previous article, djb6@ellis.uchicago.edu (Dennis Brennan) says:
-
- >Questions about the use of the verb "will" vs. the verb "shall"
- >
- >- What's the difference? Many people in America apparently don't
- >know and use "will" in all cases. My intuitive guess was that
- >"shall" was subjunctive. Lately I've been told that they are the
- >same verb, except that "shall" is used for the first person and
- >"will" in other cases. This sounds correct to me. Is it true?
- >
- >-Can the abbreviation apostrophe l l ('ll) be used to abbreviate
- >both "will" and "shall," or just "will"?
-
- Harry Shaw (in _Dictionary of Problem Words and Expressions_) says (and
- it's what I was taught in junior high school, so it _must_ be correct):
-
- Distinctions in the use of _shall_ and _will_ have broken down, but
- some careful speakers still observe these principles: (1) Use _shall_
- in the first person or _will_ in the second or third person to
- express future time: "I (we) _shall_ leave soon." You (they _will leave
- soon.
-
- Shaw goes on to say that to express command or determination,
- use the opposite: "You shall clean your room." "I will finish the
- race.
-
- Two dictionaries I checked say that "I'll" is a contraction for either
- "I will" or "I shall."
-
- BTW, Shaw also cites an example of Churchill's disregarding the shall/will
- rule several times in a speech, so I guess it's not just an American thing.
- Nevertheless, I think you're right: I almost never remember to say or
- write "I shall," and this seems to be the norm in the U.S.
- --
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