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- From: basinski@biosci.arizona.edu (Mark Basinski)
- Newsgroups: alt.guitar
- Subject: Re: Harmonics
- Message-ID: <basinski-260193152205@lully.biosci.arizona.edu>
- Date: 26 Jan 93 22:22:38 GMT
- References: <C19yqz.1ABI@austin.ibm.com> <1k23i5INNk3l@network.ucsd.edu> <1k2j6bINNko9@darkstar.UCSC.EDU> <93026.135248U59919@uicvm.uic.edu> <28647@dog.ee.lbl.gov> <phlegm.728082048@cs1.bradley.edu>
- Sender: news@organpipe.uug.arizona.edu
- Followup-To: alt.guitar
- Organization: Univ. of Arizona
- Lines: 45
-
- In article <phlegm.728082048@cs1.bradley.edu>, phlegm@cs1.bradley.edu
- (Kevin Bourrillion) wrote:
- > Wait a minute...
- > I've been tuning the 4th-fret harmonic on the G to the 5th-fret
- > harmonic on the B for years!
- >
- > As long as your intonation is set right (which can be easily, if not
- > extremely accurately, done on a tuner), all harmonics ought to be
- > accurate.
-
- Nope, sorry. They can be real close, but it depends on what you
- consider "in tune" (and I don't say that as a joke or a flame, but as
- a serious problem that has been bothering musicians for many centuries).
- basically, if you hit the 5th fret harmonic, you are producing a note
- that is a "pure" 5th, made by a 3/2 ratio of the wavelength. The problem
- arises like this (and though this is a theoretical demonstration, the
- problem is real enough):
-
- Imagine an imaginary guitar with 13 strings instead of 6, and we'll make
- them all tuned in 4ths (i.e. all strings tune the same, 5th fret of one
- gives the pitch of the next one). Now you start at the bottom, tune the
- lowest string to some pitch, say E, then use the 4th fret/5th fret harmonic
- to tune the next one (to A) and keep going one up, until you get to the top
- strin (the 13th string) where you get back to E (many octaves up). If you
- have made sure that every pair of adjacent strings is *perfectly* in tune
- by those harmonics, the top E (which we'd hope would be an octave) will
- NOT be in tune with the low E, it will be SHARP! This has nothing to do
- with any adjustment to the instrument (because we arent' using any frets
- at all yet). If you want to make that top E in tune with the low E, that
- means you have to make those intervals in between smaller.
-
- Equal temperament is the approach of dividing the octave into 12 exactly
- equal intervals (i.e. half steps) and using these. It turns out that
- the "tempered" 5th is flat compared to the pure 5th, the tempered 3rd is
- WAY sharp (ever notice that that G# in the E chord is a bitch to get
- in tune?) etc. but that is the compromise.
-
- In practice, using harmonics to tune works fairly well, especially if
- you're
- playing in E or A (and most people make small adjustments without really
- thinking about it, or they play slightly out of tune without really
- noticing)
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Mark Basinski Internet: basinski@biosci.arizona.edu
-