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- Path: sparky!uunet!news.claremont.edu!ucivax!ofa123!Wales.Larrison
- From: Wales.Larrison@ofa123.fidonet.org
- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Subject: Re; Shuttle Toilet
- X-Sender: newtout 0.06 Jan 3 1993
- Message-ID: <321010b68@ofa123.fidonet.org>
- Date: 09 Jan 93 23:54:52
- Lines: 71
-
- Henry Spencer in response to a question from Richard A. Schumacher:
- >>Uhhh... why didn't NASA just reuse the Skylab toilet on Shuttle?
- >Good question. I haven't seen a detailed explanation.
- > I think the excuse was that the Skylab toilet wasn't suited to use
- >by women, because it assumed anatomy that could urinate and
- >defecate separately. This has always struck me as the sort of
- >problem a good engineer could solve easily in any of several ways.
-
- Actually, I think the primary reason was because the Skylab
- toilet used the old empty Saturn tank to dump the wastes into (like
- the Skylab trash disposal did). On shuttle, you couldn't dump the
- wastes overboard without the possibility of contaminating anything
- in the payload bay, and you didn't have the large empty tank to use.
- (The shuttle dumps waste water overboard, but is very careful about
- when and how it dumps the water from the holding tanks). Also, the
- Skylab toilet was rather large and heavy, and on shuttle they tried
- to reduce it down into a "closet" size. The male/female stuff was
- something that wasn't that hard to design for (which is obvious if
- you look at the design).
- According to some the ECLSS designers I talked with, the reason
- the baseline shuttle toilet wasn't suitable for EDO shuttle missions
- was
- 1) It couldn't hold enough
- 2) It didn't work well, anyway (had a tendency to backup into the
- atmosphere, and sounded like a jet turbine loaded with BB's while
- running).
- To get the longer duration, the best description I've heard is
- that the EDO toilet is a "compactor" which compresses the waste into
- "cans" which can be sealed and changed out, whereas the old shuttle
- toilet was a "flinger" which would rapidly fill up and couldn't be
- changed out.
-
- Edward V. Wright writes in response to Allen W. Sherzer:
- >>The GAO report concluded that the 'extended duration toilet' costs
- >>about ten times more than it needed to because of NASA procurement
- >>practices.
- > Not only did it cost ten times more than it needed to, it cost ten
- >times more than it was budgeted for. Seems the contractor kept
- >tacking on features, and no one at NASA thought to say, "no." This
- >despite the fact that NASA probably has more beancounters than a
- >Big Eight accounting firm.
- Actually, from my reading of the GAO report, it states the reason
- was that NASA kept making changes to the toilet design without ever
- pricing the impact those design changes were making. And from what I
- heard, everybody at NASA directed changes constantly. And then when
- the contractor presented the bill for those changes, it was
- substantially (!!) over budget. Again, talking with some ECLSS
- designers I know, they confirm this. For example, NASA tacked on
- the new NASA-STD-3000 "Man-machine interface" requirement on the EDO
- toilet (which was not imposed on the old one), which required the
- subcontractor to find a "5th percentile oriental female" and a "95th
- percentile caucasian male" and _verify_ the system worked with
- people of those sizes and plumbing. Another was the infamous
- "coffee can". It's a small receptacle (about the size and shape of
- a coffee can) attached to the toilet which uses the toilet vacuum
- system to capture small items and hold them. It was used on the old
- toilet to hold "wet wipes" and miscellaneous stuff. The EDO design
- didn't include it since it wasn't required, but the astronaut office
- insisted it be put back in (the rumor I heard was the astronauts had
- gotten used to using it to hold their toothbrushes) at about a $250
- K design change. I really got my ear bent about these changes...
- Probably the most insightful thing I heard from one designer was:
- "Well, if we're modifying something like a hydrazine propulsion
- system, we typically don't get a lot of "help" from everybody at
- NASA, since they know they aren't an expert on hydrazine propulsion
- systems. But everyone's an expert on going to the bathroom and
- using the toilet....."
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
- Wales Larrison Space Technology Investor
-
- --- Maximus 2.01wb
-