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- From: higgins@fnala.fnal.gov (Bill Higgins-- Beam Jockey)
- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Subject: Antimatter reality (was Re: *** BUSSARD RAMSCOOP ***)
- Message-ID: <1993Jan7.184016.1@fnala.fnal.gov>
- Date: 8 Jan 93 00:40:16 GMT
- References: <93007.120340DOCTORJ@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> <C0IB07.BBL@zoo.toronto.edu>
- Organization: Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
- Lines: 94
- NNTP-Posting-Host: fnala.fnal.gov
-
- In article <C0IB07.BBL@zoo.toronto.edu>, henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:
- > In article <93007.120340DOCTORJ@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> Jon J Thaler <DOCTORJ@SLACVM.SLAC.STANFORD.EDU> writes:
- >>> Kilogram quantities of antimatter are quite adequate for early interstellar
- >>> probes, given modest vehicles... it looks plausible.
- >>
- >>A reality check:
- >>This is about 13 orders of magnitude larger than the total number of
- >>antiprotons ever created and stored (about 10**14)
-
- A quick call to the Main Control Room disclosed that the largest
- "p-bar stack" ever stored at Fermilab was 121 milliamps in the
- Accumulator (1.21E12 antiprotons) on 7 January 1991. I don't know if
- CERN in Geneva has exceeded this, but if they have, it's not by much.
- (The largest stack ever dumped by accident, in a power glitch, was 81
- mA, by the way.)
-
- As for Henry, most of what he says is true but you gotta take it with
- a big grain of salt:
-
- > Reality check right back at you: plot human antimatter production capacity
- > versus time. Interesting graph, no? Sure, it's limited right now... but
- > it's growing fast.
-
- I would have to look at antiproton production projections for the new
- 120-GeV Main Injector which we are planning to build. But I wouldn't
- say it's growing all that fast, especially since *nobody* is planning
- to build any new antimatter sources outside Fermilab and CERN, any
- time in the next decade or more. These two labs will continue to
- tinker with modest improvements in the existing sources.
-
- The big demand for antiprotons-- to come up with fat negative
- particles you can run backwards through the Tevatron and SPS
- synchrotrons, and collide with protons-- has gone away. Future
- machines, such as the Superconducting Supercollider (how I hate that
- name), the Large Hadron Collider, and the UNK lab, will have dual
- rings circulating protons. P-bars have proved to be just too much
- hassle. And outside of high-energy physics experiments, nobody can
- afford them.
-
- > If we mounted a major effort, we could probably be test-firing antimatter
- > rocket engines within ten years. There are *NO* fundamental barriers that
- > anyone has been able to find. It's purely a matter of scaling up and
- > optimizing the hardware -- the existing accelerators are optimized for
- > production of Nobel prizes, not bulk antimatter -- and solving assorted
- > straightforward engineering problems of handling and storage. The idea
- > has been investigated in depth; no show-stoppers have appeared.
-
- I don't appreciate the gratuitous sneer at the people who sweated to
- get the production rates *this* high. They solved difficult
- engineering problems and had to make use of technology available at
- HEP labs rather than some blue-sky paper scheme. And, yes, Simon van
- der Meer did win a Nobel prize for stochastic cooling, an essential
- process in the storage of antiprotons. So what?
-
- Stack rate this afternoon is 2.35E10 p-bars per hour; Fermilab's
- record is near 4E10, about 111 million per second or 3.3E15 per year.
- We can get you a milligram in 200,000 years if you bring your own
- bag-- our storage system won't preserve antiprotons that long.
-
- > A production setup the size of the Hanford works could make enough
- > antimatter to open up the solar system. Interstellar propulsion is
- > harder.
-
- Interstellar propulsion is very hard using any technique. I concede
- that making and storing kilograms of antimatter is pretty easy
- compared to making a workable ramscoop, or (the original subject of
- discussion) causing p-p fusion in a stream of hydrogen flowing through
- your reactor at relativistic speeds.
-
- > Kilogram quantities are probably going to have to be made in
- > space, not so much for handling reasons (although those aren't trivial)
- > as because of the sheer amounts of *energy* needed.
-
- At the moment, to make one antiproton, we buy from Commonwealth Edison
- as much electrical energy as you'd get from annihilating a billion
- antiprotons. It's a lousy way to store energy.
-
- > It would be a huge
- > project, but there's no fundamental problem; we could start designing
- > hardware tomorrow if it were urgent enough.
-
- I've got stuff to do tomorrow. How about Saturday?
-
- [I guess I should add that opinions expressed are not those of
- Fermilab, Universities Research Association, or the Department of
- Energy.]
-
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