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- Newsgroups: sci.physics.fusion
- Path: sparky!uunet!think.com!ames!pacbell.com!tandem!zorch!fusion
- From: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
- Subject: RE: Re: Hydrinos, harmful or not?
- Message-ID: <9803881B381FA0F039@vms2.uni-c.dk>
- Sender: scott@zorch.SF-Bay.ORG (Scott Hazen Mueller)
- Reply-To: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
- Organization: Sci.physics.fusion/Mail Gateway
- Date: Tue, 12 Jan 1993 15:31:04 GMT
- Lines: 38
-
-
- Originally-From: logajan@ns.network.com (John Logajan)
- >In the general case, do atoms with valence electrons in non-ground states
- >cease to react chemically or do the chemical properties change radically?
-
- I suppose that by "non-ground" states you mean the normal states for the
- valence electrons. Most elements have all of their electron shells filled,
- except the outer ones, which are those that take part in chemical reactions.
- A chemical reaction can be described as a process in which one or more bonds
- are made or broken, and this means that some of these valence electrons
- change the degree to which they are being shared between different atoms.
- The inner-shell electrons don't get affected. You can do things to them, e.g.
- by shooting x-rays at them; this is done in x-ray fluorescence, where you
- knock electrons into higher states, and they (or others) later fall back,
- emitting more x-rays. You can also excite the valence electrons (more easily
- in fact) with ultraviolet or visible light, and they, too, fall back; such
- excited species can also enter into chemical reactions more easily sometimes.
-
- Generally, then, we can excite electrons to higher-energy states, and they
- generally (if not knocked completely out to infinity) fall back down, with
- emission of energy. The Mills theory, however, proposes that the very inner
- electrons at low quantum numbers (that for most elements require x-rays to
- knock out) can fall down into sub-basement states. This is the opposite
- effect, and Mills reckons they will do this only in the presence of some
- other elements that can absorb the resulting energy quanta, i.e. exactly the
- right amounts. So the shrunken atom then could only return back up to the
- normal state by being offered the same energy quantum by another atom; it
- could not spontaneously come back up. Chemistry is not involved here, in fact
- - since we are talking about hydrogen with its sole (valence) electron, that
- electron when in its sub-basement state could not enter into a normal chemical
- reaction, which is no doubt why these "hydrinos" are reckoned to be safe.
-
- I think we are safe from them too, just as we are safe from Kurt Vonnegut's
- Ice-9...
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Dieter Britz alias britz@kemi.aau.dk
- Kemisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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-