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- Path: sparky!uunet!vnet.ibm.com
- From: jonathan_scott@vnet.ibm.com (Jonathan Scott)
- Message-ID: <19930108.040650.107@almaden.ibm.com>
- Date: Fri, 8 Jan 93 12:06:48 GMT
- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Subject: Re: Faster then the speed of light?
- News-Software: UReply 3.1
- References: <cburke.726436100@yorku.ca> <MATT.93Jan7123259@physics2.berkeley.edu>
- <richard.726455490@astro>
- Lines: 45
-
- >If an object is moving almost directly towards you at almost the speed
- >of light ...
-
- One idea to explain the observed "superluminal velocity" effect around
- several quasars was that the observed regions are simply where
- "searchlight" beams from the central quasar are illuminating clouds, so
- as the beams sweep across the cloud the illuminated region can easily
- move faster than light. This requires some statistically unlikely
- geometry to explain the number of cases observed so far.
-
- Another idea was that the superluminal relative velocity is explained by
- assuming that the observed regions (which for example may be emitted
- clouds rather than the quasars themselves) are indeed travelling towards
- us at significant fractions of the speed of light. This begged the next
- question which is of course WHY so many of the brighter quasars seem to
- be indulging in this geocentric behaviour, and the standard answer is
- that for some reason these regions appear brighter in the direction in
- which they are moving. (Earlier explanations involving brightening due
- to blue-shift of motion weren't entirely successful).
-
- Those of us without such persistent faith in the existence of black
- holes have an easier time, because super-massive star-like objects with
- a well-defined surface and a significant gravitational component in
- their redshift can be smaller, closer and a much more plausible
- explanation of quasars. The receding sources are then simply clouds of
- material being blown off at less than the speed of light.
-
- I think there are good grounds for remaining sceptical about black holes.
- As far as I know, the most sensitive tests of GR to date (using the
- precession of Mercury and the binary pulsars) have mainly confirmed the
- factor 2 in front of (Gm/r)**2 in the time coefficient for the isotropic
- metric in the PPN approximation form (1 - 2Gm/r + 2(Gm/r)**2). This
- approximate coefficient doesn't even give black holes at all (since it
- is always positive) and neither does the simplest extension of Newtonian
- potential theory to match SR, which gives exp(-2Gm/r) for the same
- coefficient, matching the GR results to the same approximation.
-
- Quasar controversies and whether black holes exist are popular subjects
- for astronomy newsgroups, and occasionally for this one too, so you can
- probably find more information in previous postings. I'm not very up to
- date in this area, so if anyone can provide an authoritative FAQ-style
- summary of the latest findings, I for one would be interested to know.
-
- Jonathan Scott
- jonathan_scott@vnet.ibm.com or jscott@winvmc.vnet.ibm.com
-