home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!cis.ohio-state.edu!news.sei.cmu.edu!bb3.andrew.cmu.edu!crabapple.srv.cs.cmu.edu!sundar
- From: sundar+@cs.cmu.edu (Sundar Vallinayagam)
- Subject: Re: A simple (?) integral
- Message-ID: <C0np1t.J65.1@cs.cmu.edu>
- Sender: news@cs.cmu.edu (Usenet News System)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: speech1.cs.cmu.edu
- Organization: School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon
- References: <1iojo4INN7b1@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu>
- Date: Sun, 10 Jan 1993 21:01:01 GMT
- Lines: 80
-
-
- >Considering 1,000,000 minds are better than one, I thought I'd post this
- >wonderful problem...
- >
- > _ ______
- > ( /
- > _) `/ tan x dx
- >
- >
- >Obviously the normal substution t=tan(x/2) won't work since this is no a
- >rational function of since and cosine, and integration by parts doesn't
- >look too promising...
- >
- >Mail ranging from insight to a solution, a complete solution, or this is
- >not integrable in elementary functions because ________ would be greatly
- >appreciated...
- >
- >Thank you.
-
- Couldn't resist replying to this one. So here goes:
-
- 2
- Let t = tan x
-
- 2
- Then 2t dt = sec x dx
-
- 2
- = (1 + tan x) dx
-
- 4
- = (1+t ) dx
-
- 4
- or dx = 2t / (1+t ) dt
-
- 2 4
- Therefore, I = integral 2t / (1 + t ) dt
-
- 2 2 2
- Now express 2t as (1+t ) + (t -1) and split the integral into two parts
- and divide by t^2 throughout.
-
- That is:
-
- 2 2
- 1+1/t 1-1/t
- integral ---------- + ------------ dt
- 2 2 2 2
- t + 1/t t + 1/t
-
-
- Make the substitution t - 1/t = u for the first term and
-
- t + 1/t = v for the second term.
-
-
- The integral now becomes:
-
-
-
- du dv
- integral ------------ + integral -----------
- 2 2
- u + 2 v - 2
-
-
- Beyond this point, I have absolutely no clue as to how to proceed :-)
-
-
- ramli.
-
- PS: I first encountered this problem when I was in the 12th grade...
-
-
-
- --
- **************************************************
- ramli@orca.ele.uri.edu
- **************************************************
-