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- Newsgroups: rec.autos.tech
- Subject: Oxygenated Compounds in Gasoline
- Message-ID: <1iqpv0INNktu@zephyr.grace.cri.nz>
- From: srgxbhh@grace.cri.nz
- Date: Sun, 10 Jan 93 03:35:28 GMT
- Organization: Industrial Research Ltd., New Zealand.
- NNTP-Posting-Host: grv.grace.cri.nz
- Lines: 116
-
-
- I apologise for posting this, however the followup function is
- not functioning correctly on this system.
-
- >From: jgd@dixie.com (John De Armond)
-
- >Doesn't matter what you'd call an oxygenate. The term is used in
- >the context of hydrocarbon fuels to refer to any molecule containing
- >one or more oxygen atoms. The alcohols, MTBE, ETBE, TAME and a other
- >ethers fit the category. If you think that ANY of these fuels can
- >burn without oxygen and thus are hard to extinguish OR you believe
- >that potassium perchlorate or any other oxidizer is blended into
- >pump gas, then, well... I have some nice seafront property to sell...
-
- Well I do think that ALL of these fuels can burn without oxygen.
- Clue - Another element starting with F can replace Oxygen as the
- oxidant. I am not saying it is used today as a transportation
- fuel oxidant, but that these fuels " can burn without oxygen ".
-
- In general , if people would realise that the oxygenated fuel
- additives are really just partially burned hydrocarbons, they
- would realise they are paying for oxygen that can not provide
- energy. On a mass basis one molecule of oxygen is equivalent
- to 1.33 carbons or 16 hydrogens, so significant amounts of
- potential fuel energy are lost.
-
- However the oxygenates can help manufacturers utilise
- hydrocarbon feedstocks with inferior combustion characteristics
- (eg low octane numbers ) as gasolines. The oxygenates have
- significantly different combustion characteristics to the
- common components of gasoline. Consequently, if correctly
- formulated into gasolines the overall emissions may be reduced
- for the targetted engines. Problems may arise if non-targetted
- engine designs can not correctly respond to the different
- combustion characteristics of fuels incorporating oxygenates
- ( or other unusual components ). In general most oxygenates were
- originally developed as octane enhancers, as they could enable
- gasoline manufacturers to provide high octane ( lead and manganese
- free ) product with relatively minimal refinery reconfiguration.
-
- The advent of reformulated gasoline in the US may change the role
- of oxygenated additives, as refinerys have to be reconfigured to
- produce the reformulated gasoline anyway.
-
-
- >>1.) Fuel economy and performance generally go hand in hand, an increase
- >>in one causes a decrease in the other. Both of mine decreased.
-
- >No they don't. If you change fuels so the mixture is lean under most
- >conditions, you will make less power because of less than optimum
- >power AND your economy will decrease because you open the throttle
- >more to compensate for the loss of power. If you don't believe that,
- >look in any elementary engine text and observe a brake specific fuel
- >consumption vs mixture graph.
-
- He was discussing " performance ", you are discussing " power ".
- You have also assumed his throttle opening compensation actually
- consumed more fuel, which is not necessarily true, as YOU decided
- to make " the mixture lean under most conditions ".
-
- For any one vehicle on the same fuel, I would agree they "generally
- go hand in hand " under the same conditions ( no. of passengers,
- ambient conditions, road etc. etc. ), what I thought he was saying
- was that he lost both performance and fuel economy, and inferring
- the only difference was the oxygenated fuel. If the engine, fuel,
- vehicle, or conditions are modified then they may not go hand in
- hand, however the discussion is then usually in absolutes, rather
- than comparisons, mainly to identify the relevant parameters being
- investigated. When my neighbour discusses "fuel economy" and
- "performance" ,I assume he is talking about the same vehicle UNLESS
- he states otherwise. Maybe I'm easily confused.
-
- >>2.) I believe the specific energy of methanol is lower than gasoline,
- >>requiring more to be burned for same horsepower, resulting in lower
- >>fuel economy.
- >
- >Specific energy is almost the same for alcohol and gasoline:
- >
- >Gasoline 2.92
- >methanol 3.08
- >Ethanol 3.00
-
- I'm not certain of the US definition of "specific energy" but here
- it's defined in MJ/kg of the fuel. Typical values for fuels are
- Gasoline 43.8 MJ/kg 32.4 MJ/l
- Methanol 19.9 15.8
- Ethanol 26.8 21.1
-
- I suspect your numbers may be in MJ/kg of stoichiometric mix, which
- is not what I understood him to be discussing.
-
- >The issues are
- >oxygen content:
- >[ numbers deleted ]
- >Heating value
- >Gasoline 42.7 MJ/kg
- >Methanol 19.9
- >Ethanol 26.8
-
- Well these look the same as mine - we agree on something!
-
- However these are only a few of the issues, as many other factors
- also come into play when fuels are used in existing internal
- combustion engines, eg Heat of vapourisation, Research Octane Number,
- Motor Octane Number, Boiling Range, Road Octane Number etc. etc.
-
- >Stoichiometric ratio (derived from oxygen content)
- >[ numbers deleted ]
- >Reference: "Automotive Fuels Handbook", Owens & Coley, Tbl 12.3, P267
-
- Well if they have the "Specific Energy" of the fuel defined as the
- "MJ/kg of stoichiometric mix", then they differ from my texts.
-
- [ text on propane deleted ]
-
- Bruce Hamilton SRGXBHH@grv.grace.cri.nz
-