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- From: timhu@ico.isc.com (Timothy Hu)
- Subject: Re: dc2120 tape cartridge error rate
- Message-ID: <1993Jan10.063345.9866@ico.isc.com>
- Organization: Interactive Systems Corp., Boulder CO
- References: <rreiner.726456920@yorku.ca> <12070021@hplvec.LVLD.HP.COM>
- Date: Sun, 10 Jan 1993 06:33:45 GMT
- Lines: 101
-
- Someone emailed me a tape question:
-
- > I currently own a CMS Jumbo 250. Recently, I saved about 50 megs on a tape
- > cartridge and left for vacation. With the sudden cold front on the West
- > Coast, the tape I suspect underwent some temperature change (probably greater
- > than 20 degrees). When I tried to store more infomration on the tape, I
- > get an error rate of 200+ fixable errors per 5 megs. My question is this:
- > was the temperature change responsible for these errors? If so, is there
- > any way to reliable get the 50 megs (i.e. some sort of heat solution or
- > something) back?
-
- And here is my reply:
-
- 3M recommends that you retension the tape when it is subjected to a wild
- temperature swing. This temperature swing is defined as 30 degrees F or
- more. This brings to mind an experience I had whilst in Japan on some
- business. I had packed with me an extra set of operating system tapes
- (in addition to the tapes that were shipped with the Sun SPARCStation
- two weeks earlier). Well, when it came time to install the OS, the tapes
- shipped with the system would not load because of a read error. Since the
- tapes were written in a simple format (tar, cpio, dump -- i forgot which
- format), there was no error correction facility to assist in recovering
- the data on the tape. Thus, upon reaching the first error, the install
- procedure aborted. I tried again, again, and again to no avail. I
- thought that I could just pull out the backups that I had brought with me
- on the airplane and just load those. Guess what? Same problem. One thing
- you notice about Japan is that the island is *very* humid and that they make
- little or no attempt at lowering it in their offices (via air
- conditioning). Let's look at the facts:
-
- 1. The tapes that were shipped with the system two weeks prior to my
- arrival went by boat. Thus, they were subjected to two weeks of "boat"
- conditions -- high humidity and maybe even temperature extremes.
-
- 2. The "boat" tapes sat in the humid Japanese climate days (with
- the computer) before my arrival
-
- 3. The tapes that I had brought with me spent two days in the Japanese
- climate in my briefcase.
-
- 4. I did not retension any of the tapes before I used them.
-
- The SPARCStations did not have a facility to retension the tapes (the OS
- wasn't loaded yet). Fortunately, I had set the computer up in an
- environmentally controlled room where I could bring the humidity down.
- Also, there was an SGI in the next room that was working. I decided to
- retension the tapes in the SGI tape drive. While the tapes were
- retensioning, I brought the temp and humidity down in the lab. I loaded
- the tapes one more time, and BAM! it worked. This whole fiasco took seven
- hours. I don't know if the temperature swing or humidity (or both)
- affected the tapes.
-
- Yes, I was sweating bullets. If the OS installation didn't work, I
- couldn't continue with anything else (seven days' worth of work).
-
- There are several lessons that can be learned from this:
-
- - keep your tapes away from temperature and humidity extremes
-
- - if you can do it, have more than one backup of critical items (the
- copy I had brought with me saved my b*tt) as the first copy completely
- failed
-
- - if you suspect that your tapes have been subjected to extreme
- conditions (see the literature that came with your tapes), let them
- acclimate to normal room temperature for an hour and then retension them
- before you attempt to read or write to them.
-
- Just a note here on extreme conditions. 3M tapes are
- "comfortable" at 41F to 113F. If your tapes have been sitting
- at, say, 50F and then get exposed to 100F (both are within
- the tapes' "comfortable" range), you should retension them
- because they have experienced a pretty severe temperature
- swing.
-
- - you may have to retension more than once. I had to do it five or six
- times. I don't know why this is. Maybe this helped the tape to acclimate
- faster as this moved the tape around?
-
- - if you're not travelling alone, make another copy of the items and
- give the tapes to your traveling companion(s).
-
- Other lessons I learned:
-
- - do NOT walk through a metal detector with your tapes. They
- use a magnetic field to detect metal objects.
-
- - do NOT XRAY them. I know that airport xray machines are supposed to have
- minimal magnetic fields, but what if a machine was improperly maintained
- or malfunctioning or the tapes you're using are marginal? Have them
- manually inspected. It will only slightly delay you and it's cheap
- insurance.
-
- All the above also applies to floppies and hard disks (except for
- retensioning. I don't know how to retension a disk :-) ).
-
- Tim
- --
- Timothy Hu timhu@ico.isc.com | The intelligence (or lack of) expressed
- Interactive Systems Corporation | above does not necessarily reflect the
- Resource Solutions International | that of anyone else.
-