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- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!cis.ohio-state.edu!magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu!csn!iem!joe
- From: joe@iem.com (Joe Nemeth)
- Subject: Re: Convertion from 1/4 to DAT
- Message-ID: <C0CL2q.H9B@iem.com>
- Date: Mon, 4 Jan 1993 21:01:35 GMT
- References: <Dec31.181646.27937@yuma.ACNS.ColoState.EDU>
- Organization: IEM, Inc.
- X-Newsreader: Tin 1.1 PL4
- Lines: 109
-
- dan@lamar.ColoState.EDU (Danilo Silva) writes:
- : We have some old sets of backup (in 1/4-inch cartridge tapes) that I
- : would like to convert to DDS (DAT) tapes.
- :
- : We need to do that for two main reasons:
- : - We need to get rid of the cartridge autochanger.
- : - One DAT tape is much smaller and easier to store than sets of 8
- : cartridge tapes.
- :
- : Could somebody please give me a light on this problem? Please ...
- : THANKS in advance for any hints and have all a great 1993,
- :
- : Dan Silva - dan@lamar.colostate.edu
- :
- : A description follows:
- : Hardware (HP9000-835, HP-UX 8.0):
- : ========
- :
- : FROM:
- : ----
- : The old backups are store in sets of 8 cartridges. The device used was
- : the HP 35401A ( 1/4-inch Cartridge Autochanger Tape Subsystem).
- :
- : TO:
- : --
- : The new backups will be stored on DDS (DAT) tapes, and the device to
- : be used is a HP 6400-1300s drive
- : (1.3 GByte DAT drive).
- :
- : Backup PROCEDURE:
- : ================
- :
- : The following procedure was used with the cartridges for backup:
- :
- : /etc/fbackup -I /usr/adm/fbackupfiles/system.log -0uf - -g
- : /users/root/backups/systemgraph | compress | tcio -oV -S 8 -l 1
- :
- : /dev/rct/c5d0s2
- :
- : The retrieval process is the following:
- :
- : tcio -i -l 1 -n 8 /dev/rct/c5d0s2 | uncompress | frecover -xf - -i
- : FILENAME(s)
- :
- : PROPOSED SOLUTION (which did NOT work):
- : ================= ------------------
- :
- : Extract the whole compressed backup and re-direct it to the DAT drive
- : (/dev/rmt/0m):
- :
- : tcio -i -l 1 -n 8 /dev/rct/c5d0s2 > /dev/rmt/0m
- :
- :
-
- The problem is that on 9T and DDS media, there is some additional
- structure to the information that is not present in the stdout image
- you are producing and piping through tcio. The fbackup image consists
- of 4 "files" on the DDS tape, delimited by file/set marks. When you
- deliver the output of tcio directly to the DDS drive, you get a single
- monolithic file, and frecover can't handle it.
-
- I played with this a little, with a small file set on an HP 340
- running HP-UX 8.0, and came up with the following possible workaround:
-
- $ tcio -i -S 8 /dev/rct|/etc/frecover -V volhead -f -
- $ cat volhead
- ...
- Index Size:1061
- ...
- $ let "x=(1061+1023)/1024"
- $ let "y=3+$x"
- $ tcio -i -S 8 /dev/rct|dd of=/dev/rmt/0mn ibs=1k obs=8k skip=0 count=1
- $ tcio -i -S 8 /dev/rct|dd of=/dev/rmt/0mn ibs=1k obs=8k skip=1 count=2
- $ tcio -i -S 8 /dev/rct|dd of=/dev/rmt/0mn ibs=1k obs=8k skip=3 count=$x
- $ tcio -i -S 8 /dev/rct|dd of=/dev/rmt/0mn ibs=1k obs=8k skip=$y
-
- You need to make sure that you use NO-REWIND mode on the DAT drive
- (0mn, not 0m), which is part of the minor number for the device file.
- Note that some computed values based on the index size (in bytes) are
- needed for skipping and counting properly for the "index" file, which
- is copied in line 3 above. Your much larger backup will have a much
- larger index than my paltry 1061 bytes.
-
- Omitting the count in line 4 will copy the remainder of the cartridge
- tape to the DDS, since tcio doesn't know when to stop. This means
- that you will copy any garbage from the end of the cartridge to the
- DDS tape, but this doesn't appear to hurt anything. If you only have
- a small bit of data on the last tape, you may want to specify a count
- that is big enough to contain everything on the tape, but small enough
- so it doesn't take all day.
-
- I don't know exactly what the header information on second and
- subsequent cartridge tapes looks like, so you may have to play a
- little with these to find out exactly how you have to split them up:
- however, from my reading of the documentation, every fbackup tape in a
- set looks like every other tape, so you should be able to use the same
- method to copy each of your cartridge tapes.
-
- Note that if you want to somehow splice your multiple 1/4" cartridges
- into a single DDS tape, you will have to do a lot more work, since you
- will probably need to strip the trailers and headers and worry about
- how to splice the data seamlessly, so frecover doesn't get confused.
- Unless someone posts a ready-made utility to do the job, I'd recommend
- that you just copy tape-for-tape.
-
- Hope this helps a little.
-
- --
- Joseph C. Nemeth joe@iem.com
-