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- Newsgroups: comp.graphics
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!rock!concert!samba!usenet
- From: Norman.Yee@launchpad.unc.edu (Norman Yee)
- Subject: Re: JPEG "Standard"
- Message-ID: <1993Jan13.042250.19045@samba.oit.unc.edu>
- Sender: usenet@samba.oit.unc.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: lambada.oit.unc.edu
- Organization: University of North Carolina Extended Bulletin Board Service
- References: <1ijc1tINN14h@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu> <1ijc59INN155@usenet.INS.CWRU.Edu> <C0JzJJ.Hup.2@cs.cmu.edu>
- Date: Wed, 13 Jan 1993 04:22:50 GMT
- Lines: 70
-
- >tgl+@cs.cmu.edu (Tom Lane) writes:
- >>kxj6@po.CWRU.Edu (Kijin Jung) writes:
- >> I was concerned about the standardization of JPEG
- >> between two programs I have, so I did some tests.
- >>
- >> ... I compressed them using ColorView 2.0 for DOS
- >> and WinJPEG 1.6. (The reason why I used a quality of
- >> 74 and 76 for Colorview was because it did not
- >> offer 75 as an option; so I also used those settings
- >> for WinJPEG.) Also, Cview only accepts BMP files.
- >>
- >> Cview's JPEG output is much smaller than those of WinJPEG
- >> for a given Quality.
- >
- >I'm guessing that you proceeded by loading and displaying the image,
- >then using "Save". This is a bad move since both programs will
- >quantize the 24-bit image down to 8 bits for display (assuming your
- >display hardware is 8 bits). JPEG is intended for compressing 24-bit
- >data, not 8-bit; your JPEG files are larger and of lower quality than
- >they would be if you had made them directly from the Targa or BMP file.
- >
- >WinJPEG has a "batch conversion" option which allows direct compression
- >of Targa to JPEG format without a quantization step. This is a much
- >better means of compressing full-color images. As far as I can tell,
- >ColorView has no similar capability.
- >
- >The difference in file size is due to Colorview and WinJPEG using
- >different quantization algorithms; hence the data fed to the JPEG
- >compressor is not the same. In particular, I'd bet you had dithering
- >turned off in ColorView.
-
- Kijin Jung loaded the 24-bit images with WinJPEG's "8-bit Bitmap" option
- on so that they were quantized to 256 colors and dithered before they
- were displayed. As Edward Hee pointed out in a different message, the
- dithering introduces noise which makes the image look grainy and does
- not compress well. The reason that WinJPEG produced a larger image than
- ColorView is that Jung saved the dithered image to a JPEG file. To
- correctly convert the 24-bit image to a JPEG, Jung should have turned
- off the "8-bit Bitmap" option before loading the image. With the "8-bit
- Bitmap" option off, the 24-bit image will be neither quantized nor
- dithered.
-
- >> I am very confused by WinJPEG's method of saving JPG's.
- >> WinJPEG takes two original files of the same content but
- >> different format, yet outputs JPEG files of different sizes
- >> (with entropy optimizationon).
- >
- >That seems strange to me too. Could it be that there is some history
- >dependence in their color quantization algorithm? Are you *sure* the
- >BMP and Targa files are identical?
-
- This is a quirk in WinJPEG; it produces different quantized and dithered
- images from identical 24-bit images stored in BMP and Targa format. In
- case anyone is interested, the mistake was that the 24-bit Targa was
- dithered from the top-down and the BMP was dithered from the bottom-up.
- Since the dithering algorithm is dependent on the previously processed
- pixel information, two different images are produced from the same BMP
- and Targa.
-
- This problem is corrected in version 2.0 which will be released soon.
-
- Norman Yee, one of the authors of WinJPEG
- nyee@osiris.ee.tufts.edu
-
-
- --
- The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the University of
- North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the Campus Office for Information
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