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- Newsgroups: rec.org.mensa
- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!rpi!batcomputer!cornell!uw-beaver!newsfeed.rice.edu!rice!paco
- From: paco@cs.rice.edu (Paul Havlak)
- Subject: Re: Atheism and Intelligence
- In-Reply-To: kkirksey@world.std.com's message of Wed, 30 Dec 1992 04:02:19 GMT
- Message-ID: <PACO.92Dec30143208@legia.cs.rice.edu>
- Lines: 55
- Sender: news@rice.edu (News)
- Reply-To: Paul Havlak <paco@cs.rice.edu>
- Organization: Center for Research on Parallel Computation
- References: <1992Dec26.092545.16601@eng.umd.edu> <Bzy77z.B6r@world.std.com>
- <1992Dec28.161717.12506@cbnewse.cb.att.com> <C020Jw.EJG@world.std.com>
- Date: Wed, 30 Dec 1992 20:32:08 GMT
-
- > kkirksey@world.std.com (Ken B Kirksey) writes:
- >Then you must consider the fact that science, by definition, is limited
- >to nature. It cannot say anything about anything residing outside of
- >nature. ...
- >...
- >I look at it like this: science's realm is a closed sphere, and science
- >resides inside the sphere. Science can discover and explain everything
- >inside the sphere, but beyond the boundary, it knows naught. The sphere
- >is large, but it does not extend all the way to the beginning of time,
- >nor all the way to the end (e.g. Medawar's first and last things).
- >Science is useless in PROVING something happened in the past, since the
- >scientific method is, by definition, here and now observation and
- >replication. Likewise, science cannot see to the end of time and PROVE what
- >will happen there.
- >...
-
- As far as I'm concerned, *nothing* can be absolutely proven -- I
- don't mean that truth doesn't exist, but that fallible humans cannot
- know it. However, sufficient evidence can convince me of a
- proposition until I'm presented with contradictory evidence.
- My own definition of science resembles that published by Karl
- Popper, whom I'll paraphrase:
-
- Science is the process of proposing falsifiable theorems --
- which are testable in that they predict observable but
- previously unnoticed phenomena -- and of testing those
- theorems against observed reality. (Such testing may require
- the use of other theorems about how to observe reality.)
-
- Scientific knowledge is the body of theorems which have, thus
- far, withstood rigorous testing. No such theorem can be
- considered "true"; however, the process of testing establishes
- scientific theorems as useful approximations of reality.
-
- By my (interpretation of Popper's) definition of science, nothing
- observable is inherently excluded. However, our ability to test
- theorems, like our knowledge, is always finite and deficient in many
- areas. Furthermore, knowing how the world works (to an ever-improving
- approximation) does not tell us why, nor does it tell us what we
- should do.
- The "why" is a question of faith, of religion. "What should we
- do?" -- the question of ethics -- derives its answers both from faith
- and from science (after all, ethical behavior requires predicting the
- consequences of our actions).
- I don't think that "intelligence" -- which I'll interpret as the
- ability to solve novel problems -- should drive people to atheism.
- But it should drive people to an appreciation of science, and to an
- ethical system with few axioms taken on faith and with a relatively
- deep understanding of cause and effect.
-
- --paco (not a mensan)
- --
- Paul Havlak Dept. of Computer Science
- Graduate Student Rice University, Houston TX 77251-1892
- PFC/ParaScope projects (713) 527-8101 x2738 paco@cs.rice.edu
-