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- Path: sparky!uunet!torolab6.VNET.IBM.COM
- From: martinl@torolab6.VNET.IBM.COM
- Message-ID: <19921223.065315.731@almaden.ibm.com>
- Date: Wed, 23 Dec 92 09:18:18 EST
- Newsgroups: rec.aviation
- Subject: Aircraft Tuned Exhausts
- Disclaimer: This posting represents the poster's views, not those of IBM
- News-Software: Usenet 3.0
- Lines: 44
-
- I have a question for you airplane engine experts - how do you design a
- tuned exhaust for a Lycoming IO-540? (6 cylinder). I know there are
- several tuned exhausts available for the IO-360s (four cylinders).
- These seem to mostly be the cross-over type (two front cylinders
- joined to one pipe, the two rear cylinders joined to another). As I
- remember, a Lycoming 4 banger has a firing order of 1-3-2-4
- (two left side cylinders fire, followed by the two right side jugs),
- so the exhaust gases would have longer time to clear the exhaust
- system. If this is correct, then what power advantage would this give
- over straight stacks? (Which brings up another question - how important
- is backpressure to the performance of an airplane engine?) Most Lycoming
- installations I have seen have 'Y' pipes - the two jugs on one side of the
- engine join into a common pipe. On my bird, I have all three jugs on one
- side into one common pipe.
-
- It is claimed that a properly tuned crossover system will net you 10%
- increase in horsepower. Comments?
-
- I have seen (including in this month's issue of Sport Aviation) several
- examples of each jug having it's own exhaust, with all pipes being
- about the same length. It is claimed that this is an attempt at tuning,
- yet all pipes exhaust into the open air. I might see the logic if the
- four pipes joined into one common collector, but what tuning could
- there be for the open exhaustsystem, execpt for back pressure?
-
- Of course, there is always the case of 'true' tuning. This is when
- the pipes are of such a length (same length for each cylinder),
- such that on the exhaust stroke during the valve overlap (when both
- intake & exhaust valves are open), the pressure wave in the exhaust will
- draw some of the fresh fuel/air mixture out of the cylinder into the
- exhaust pipes, and the pressure wave will then reverse before the
- exhaust valve closes, to pack the previously drawn out gases back into
- the cylinder. As I understand it, you need a 1/2 or 1/4 wave length
- pipe to have this effect. For airplane engine, running at 2600 rpm,
- this is quite long, and impractical to fit. (It appears to me that
- this is not the principle that the crossover system operates on, as
- the path lengths for the two jugs tied together is different - The
- common pipe is not in the middle of the engine, but rather runs down
- on side).
-
- Can anyone out there offer any advice? References? I have read quite
- a few textbooks & SAE articles of engine design, but never found
- anything really useful.
-
-