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- From: lindsay+@cs.cmu.edu (Donald Lindsay)
- Newsgroups: comp.arch
- Subject: Re: IBM AS/400
- Message-ID: <Bzsu47.Lxv.2@cs.cmu.edu>
- Date: 25 Dec 92 05:04:54 GMT
- Article-I.D.: cs.Bzsu47.Lxv.2
- References: <1992Dec24.203452.22045@beaver.cs.washington.edu> <BzsIFK.EMF.2@cs.cmu.edu> <1992Dec25.033918.3246@beaver.cs.washington.edu>
- Sender: news@cs.cmu.edu (Usenet News System)
- Organization: School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon
- Lines: 30
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- In article <1992Dec25.033918.3246@beaver.cs.washington.edu> kolding@cs.washington.edu (Eric Koldinger) writes:
- >There's a fundamental difference between hardware and software capabilities.
- >Software capabilities can be forged, however improbable.
-
- You may have seen such a system, but some software-based systems
- really are fully secure. The OS keeps all of the unforgable bit
- patterns in some system space. The user processes manipulate values
- which the OS effectively treats as indexes. Forging an index gains a
- process no abilities that it didn't have already.
-
- >On an architecture like the AS/400, EVERY memory reference is
- >checked against a capability, and individual bytes can be protected.
- >Software capabilities are typically used to protect larger grained
- >objects, and are only checked when that object is "bound" to your
- >protection domain.
-
- Agreed. However, conventional machines check every memory reference
- with an MMU. On these, binding an object in === teaching the MMU
- about the object. So, the real difference is that conventional MMUs
- are page-oriented rather than byte-span oriented. [Well, the time
- cost of a binding probably differs.]
-
- There have been MMUs that allowed fractional pages - for example,
- the front part, or the rear part, of a page could be missing.
- The PDP11/45 supported this with a 64-byte granularity.
-
- The AS/400 may support tiny objects, but does it gain much from doing
- so?
- --
- Don D.C.Lindsay Carnegie Mellon Computer Science
-