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- Newsgroups: bionet.plants
- Path: sparky!uunet!newsstand.cit.cornell.edu!news
- From: Thomas Bjorkman <Thomas_Bjorkman@cornell.edu>
- Subject: Action potentials (was: Plant communication/sensing re)
- Message-ID: <1992Dec23.191118.7933@mail.cornell.edu>
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- References: <1992Dec22.172603.15056@mail.cornell.edu>
- Date: Wed, 23 Dec 1992 19:11:18 GMT
- Lines: 69
-
- In article <102994@netnews.upenn.edu> Edwin Barkdoll,
- barkdoll@cattell.psych.upenn.edu writes:
- >So far we had simply discussed what ions are involved -- e.g. Na+ and
- >K+ vs K+ and Cl- -- this is classic biophysics from the 1950's. The
- >use of patch clamping, while it has permmitted amazing things, has not
- >led to a significant revision of the belief of which ions are involved
- >in the action potential and _that_ is the issue (or part of the issue)
- >which started the discussion: in certain plants like mimosa is "signal
- >an action potential, just like in animal neurons"? Do you know of any
- >quantitative papers on the ions underlying the plant action potential?
- >
- TB>> The patch clamp has been used very
- TB>>heavily on plants: Hedrich and Neher put it to work on plant cells
- right
- TB>>away.
- >
- > Yes, but did they put it to work on plant cells which generate
- >action potentials as part of their normal behavior?
- >
- TB>>So far there are several classes of channels that have been
- TB>>characterised. The main one is the inward rectifying potassium
- channel.
- TB>>If I remeber right, it has a small sodium conductance, but that is
- TB>>irrelevant given the very low sodium concentrations.
- >
- > The discussion has been about action potentials in plants.
- >Are these data recorded from AP producing plant membranes?
-
- I brought up channels because the ion specificity of the channels that
- generate the action potential pretty much determines which ions are
- involved. The patch clamp is the tool that answers that question most
- directly. Dainty, Hope and Walker had a pretty good picture of action
- potentials in Chara by the early 1960's. Bruce Scott makes an explicit
- comparison between Chara and squid axons in his ca.1962 Scientific
- Ameican article. The abstact begins "Electrical disturbances similar to
- the nerve impule are associated with a number of plant life processes."
- Did I miss a posting where someone actually suggested that Na was involed
- in plant action potentials? I don't see why one would expect that for
- plants, where H takes many of the roles filled by Na in animals.
-
- A lot of the work has been done on guard cells (e.g. Schroeder's '89
- paper in J. Memb. Biol. studying the outward rectifier in Vicia). This
- is an excitable cell, but you are probably concerned about probagation of
- the signal. A better example might be from Mummert and Gradman (JMB
- 1991) who characterized the action potential in Acetabularia as being
- based on K an Cl channels with a Cl pump. The Cl pump rather than H pump
- may be related to its habitat in brackish water.
-
- The question of which cells generate an action potential as part of the
- normal behavior is a tough one. Considering the variety of cells for
- which action potentials have been shown, I wouldn't exclude too many a
- priori. Davies (Plant Cell Environ. 10: 623, 1987) runs through lots of
- examples. His synthesis of the ions involved comes down to a Ca influx
- and K and Cl efflux.
-
- I don't know about recent ion stuff with mimosa, but there is a super
- study on the Venus flytrap (Dionea). Hodick and Sievers (Planta 174:8,
- 1988) were looking at the triggering mechanism of the rapidly-propagated
- action potential in this excitable plant. They concentrate on the role
- of the Ca influx in triggering the action potential. The gist is that
- tweaking the trigger hair causes a sub-threshold Ca influx. It takes two
- of them in order to get an action potential. Therefore, the leaf does
- not fold very often unless there is really a fly on the leaf.
-
- To return to the original issue: Are there action potentials in plants
- just like in animal neurons? Clearly there are propagated action
- potentials. I think that Bill meant it in that sense. The detailed
- mechanism is clearly different--no Acetyl choline for starters. The ions
- are of course appropriate to the biological system.
-