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- Path: sparky!uunet!olivea!sgigate!odin!mips!sgi!cdp!insthemp
- From: insthemp@igc.apc.org (Institute for Hemp)
- Newsgroups: alt.drugs
- Subject: Drug Mystery Solved
- Message-ID: <1301300229@igc.apc.org>
- Date: 24 Dec 92 00:35:00 GMT
- Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
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- Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1301300229:000:3059
- Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!insthemp Dec 23 16:35:00 1992
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-
- SCIENTISTS UNLOCK MYSTERIES OF HOW DRUGS WORK IN THE HUMAN BRAIN
- WASHINGTON (DEC. 18) UPI - Scientists have identified long-sought
- brain chemicals involved in making marijuana and other drugs work,
- which may lead to better ways to break addictions, block pain and
- understand the brain.
-
- One group of researchers found a chemical produced naturally in
- the brain that appears to stimulate the same cells that marijuana
- stimulates. A second group cloned the protein that drugs like
- heroin and morphine trigger to produce their effects.
-
- The findings, reported Thursday in two papers in the journal
- Science, should enable scientists to learn more about how such
- drugs work in the brain and could lead to ways to harness the
- beneficial effects of drugs.
-
- "Both of these findings are really important. They will lead to
- some very interesting science in the next half decade," Michael
- Brownstein of the National Institute of Mental Health told
- Science.
-
- Drugs work because they contain chemicals that travel to the brain
- and, like a key, fit into structures likened to locks called
- "receptors" on certain brain cells, triggering activity by those
- cells.
-
- Scientists have long searched for both the specific receptors for
- certain types of drugs and the naturally occurring chemicals in
- the brain that fit those receptors.
-
- William Devane and his colleagues at the Hebrew University of
- Jerusalem reported they had found a naturally occurring substance
- that triggers the same receptors as does tetrahydrocannabinol
- (THC), the active ingredient in marijuana.
-
- The THC receptor is one of the most common receptors in the brain,
- indicating it may be involved in a wide range of brain functions,
- including memory, appetite and motor function, Devane said.
- Defects in the receptor, therefore, may be involved a variety of
- diseases, including possible the devastating disorder
- schizophrenia, he said.
-
- "Perhaps we can discover what its natural function is and what
- diseases it may be involved in," Devane said in an interview.
- "This is just like opening a door to a new room. It provides a lot
- of new avenues to explore. This will stimulate a lot of research."
-
-
- Devane dubbed the newly identified substance "anandamide," from a
- Sanskrit word meaning "bliss." Devane and his colleagues
- identified the substance in the brains of pigs, but presumably an
- equivalent substance is produced naturally in human brains, he
- said.
-
- The findings could enable researchers to develop drugs that have
- the beneficial effects of marijuana, such as relieving pain,
- reducing blood pressure and nausea and pressure in the eye from
- glaucoma, without producing the psychotropic effects, he said.
-
- Meanwhile, Christopher Evans of the University of California, Los
- Angeles, and his colleagues identified the structure of the
- "opioid" receptor, which is activated by drugs like heroin and
- morphine.
-
- The discovery of a receptor for opiates could help researchers
- searching for non-addictive painkillers and for helping alleviate
- withdrawal symptoms for addicts.
-
- Transmitted: 92-12-18 08:28:00 EST
-