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- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!sdd.hp.com!cs.utexas.edu!asuvax!ncar!noao!stsci!stosc!zellner
- From: zellner@stsci.edu
- Subject: Re: Why is the sky blue?
- Message-ID: <1992Dec15.183010.1@stsci.edu>
- Lines: 47
- Sender: news@stsci.edu
- Organization: Space Telescope Science Institute
- References: <1992Dec15.135457.13692@linus.mitre.org>
- Distribution: na
- Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 23:30:10 GMT
-
- >> In that case the classical Rayleigh theory ...
- >> ... x = 2 pi a / lambda...
- >> ...spectrum of the sun convolved with a fourth-power law...
- >> Rayleigh scattering...
-
- > All this talk about scattering etc. just misses the point. We all
- > understand *how* the sky is blue, but the question is *why*?
- > The mechanism that makes it blue is clear, but why does that
- > mechanism exist instead of one that makes it, say, green? Yes,
- > yes, I know: "physics describes, it does not explain". I've always
- > found that answer to be a cop-out (as we used to say back in the
- > 60s). I think "why" is an excellent question.
-
- A scientist is tempted to say that these are nonsense questions, but maybe
- we should be more generous. The "why" is a mixture of mathematics, physics,
- history, environment, physiology, and culture. Just a few examples:
-
- Why does the sun have the spectrum it does? Well the temperature of its
- surface is determined (physics) by its mass, age, and original chemical
- composition (history and environment). What particular interstellar cloud
- happened to collapse in what particular way, probably triggered by a nearby
- supernova that just happened to go off at that particular time?
-
- Then why does a black-body at temperature 5600K radiate the kind of photons
- that it does? Well the only "physical" parameter in the equation is Planck's
- constant. I think why Planck's constant has the value it does is unknown to
- present-day physics, though maybe not forever.
-
- Why does Rayleigh scattering go as the fourth power of the frequency? I
- believe that's fundamentally a mathematical result, like asking why two plus
- two equals four.
-
- So why does the earth have a fairly clear atmosphere of uncharged molecules
- of oxygen and nitrogen? History and environment, as above.
-
- So why do our eyes contain structures specifically sensitive to light of
- wavelength 4300 to 4800A? Physiology, really accidents of evolutionary history.
- And why do we call that color "blue" and not "green"? Culture.
-
- So why aren't we here during the red-giant stage of the sun? That gets us to
- the Anthropic Principle. If all of the above wasn't the way it is (except for
- the cultural factor), we wouldn't be here to ask the question! The fact that
- we are here essentially REQUIRES that the sky be blue. That's the ultimate
- "Why".
-
- Cheers, Ben.
-
-