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- Newsgroups: sci.math.stat
- Path: sparky!uunet!gumby!destroyer!cs.ubc.ca!newsserver.sfu.ca!rivas
- From: rivas@fraser.sfu.ca (Jorge David Rivas)
- Subject: Re: Simple Odds on dice.
- Message-ID: <1992Dec19.092939.24784@sfu.ca>
- Sender: news@sfu.ca
- Organization: Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada
- References: <Russel_Mcauliffe.5w90@equinox.gen.nz> <168C1D231.R0264@vmcms.csuohio.edu>
- Date: Sat, 19 Dec 1992 09:29:39 GMT
- Lines: 51
-
- In article <168C1D231.R0264@vmcms.csuohio.edu> R0264@vmcms.csuohio.edu writes:
- >Well, unless there is some trick that I don't see, P(just once) =
- >(1/6)(5/6)(5/6); P(twice) = (1/6)(1/6)(5/6); P(thrice) = (1/6)(1/6)(1/6).
- >These are mutually exclusive, so P(once or more) = 31/16.
- >Phil, Cleveland State University.
-
- NO PROBABILITY THAT I KNOW OF CAN BE GREATER THAN 1 !!.
-
- Instead consider:
-
- assuming your dice are fair we have p = 1/6 you get any number from ONE die.
- Now, if you are using 3 dices the probability that comes with any combination
- of outcomes of the THREE dices follows what is known as the binomial distribu-
- tion, that is:
- n x n-x n n!
- p(x) = ( )p (1-p) , where ( ) = ----------
- x x x!(n-x)!
-
- p = 1/6 , n = number of trials (3 in this case), and x = number of posible out-
- comes (in this case x=0, x=1, x=2, x=3) x=0 => your number did not come up
- x=1 => your number came up once
- x=2 => your number came up twice
- x=3 => your number came up in all dice
-
- if you work this up you get p(x=0) = 0.57870
- p(x=1) = 0.34722
- p(x=2) = 0.06944
- p(x=3) = 0.00463
- of course you might view these as percentages by multiplying by a hundred ( but
- be careful with the interpretation!!)
-
- If your friend is not satisfied with just the formula then work out the numbers
- for, say, x=1. Then:
- 1 5 2
- p(x=1) = 3---(---)
- 6 6
-
- that is if one of the die has your number this happens with p=1/6 .Since your
- number came up only ONCE the other two dice must have any of the other 5
- possible outcomes with p= 5/6 each . Now, since we require that these two events
- (one die has your number, the other two don't) happen simultaneously we must
- multiply their probs. hence (1/6)(5/6)(5/6) the multiplier 3 is, of course,
- because the event I mentioned could happen in three different ways (first with
- die A, then with die B, and finally with die C).
-
- The other probabilities are found using simmilar reasoning.
- --
- jorge david rivas (rivas@sfu.ca) __@ !! / "It has taken mankind a million
- undergrad (Math & Stats) _(\<,_ / years to alter irreversibly the
- SIMON FRASER UNIV, BC. CANADA (X)/ (X) / planet, something whales could not
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ do in ten times as long" :(
-