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- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!mcsun!sunic!aun.uninett.no!nuug!ifi.uio.no!nntp.uio.no!smaug!solan
- From: solan@smauguio.no (Svein Olav G. Nyberg)
- Subject: The genius of Marilyn Vos Savant
- Message-ID: <1992Dec15.210208.14038@ulrik.uio.no>
- Keywords: savant
- Sender: news@ulrik.uio.no (Mr News)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: smaug.uio.no
- Reply-To: solan@smauguio.no (Svein Olav G. Nyberg)
- Organization: University of Oslo, Norway
- References: <1gj5grINNk05@crcnis1.unl.edu>
- Date: Tue, 15 Dec 1992 21:02:08 GMT
- Lines: 54
-
- In article <1gj5grINNk05@crcnis1.unl.edu>, burchell@cse.unl.edu (David
- Burchell) writes:
- |> I ask the net Gods: Can this be correct??
- |>
- |> From ``Ask Marilyn'' by Marilyn Vos Savant, Parade magazine, December
- |> 13, 1992.
- |>
- |> You have a hat in which there are three pancakes. One is golden on
- |> both sides, one is brown on both sides, and one is golden on one side
- |> and brown on the other. You withdraw one pancake and see that one side
- |> is brown. What is the probability that the other side is brown?
- |>
- |> ---Robert H. Batts, Acton, Mass.
- |>
- |> It's two out of three. The pancake you withdrew had to be one of only
- |> two of them: the brown/golden one or the brown/brown one. And of the
- |> three brown sides you could be seeing, two of them also have brown on
- |> the other side.
-
- This is similar to a problem she got a lot of noise for answering:
-
- It is a TV show - a game. There are 3 doors, behind which are 1 car
- and 2 goats, respectively. The participant gets to choose one door.
- The host then opens one of the two _other_ doors, revealing a goat.
- The contestant gets the option: You can change your choice of doors.
-
- Now: Would it pay to change doors?
-
- The answer: Yes. The probability that the car was behind the first
- chosen door is just 1/3, while the probability that it is behind
- the remaining door is 2/3.
-
- ---
-
- This angered a lot of people, even a lot of math PhD┤s, I am told.
- They protested that an arbitrary person coming in instead of the
- person just choosing would have equal knowledge about the two doors,
- and that they would thereby have equal probability, i.e. 1/2, of
- having the car behind.
-
- But it IS true. Probability is partial knowledge _for_a_given_person_.
- Thus probabilities are not the same for you and for me. For instance,
- if I throw a coin up in the air, let it land in my fist, and peek at
- it [and see it is "tails"], the probability that the coin ended tails
- up is 100% _for_me_, while it is just 50% _for_you_ who have not seen it.
-
- That is essentially what is the key to understanding Marilyn┤s
- answer to the question. The contestant was not just some arbitrary
- person, but a person with more knowledge from which to measure the
- probability.
-
-
- Solan
-
-