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- From: tgray@igc.apc.org (Tom Gray)
- Newsgroups: sci.environment
- Subject: --Curacao Windfarm Sparks Debate
- Message-ID: <1466601999@igc.apc.org>
- Date: 14 Dec 92 18:09:00 GMT
- Sender: Notesfile to Usenet Gateway <notes@igc.apc.org>
- Lines: 119
- Nf-ID: #N:cdp:1466601999:000:5809
- Nf-From: cdp.UUCP!tgray Dec 14 10:09:00 1992
-
-
- /* Written 9:53 am Dec 14, 1992 by tgray@igc.apc.org in igc:en.energy */
- CARIBBEAN WINDFARM
- STIRS SOME DEBATE
-
- The first wind power plant planned for a Caribbean island is facing
- opposition on presumed environmental grounds, but the local utility
- still plans to install the project early next year.
-
- Environmentalists are objecting to a proposed 3-MW facility on the
- northern side of Curacao (see Wind Energy Weekly #486, February 24,
- 1992, p. 2), an island off the coast of Venezuela in the Leeward
- Antilles. According to Margo Guda of the Fundashon Antiyano Pa
- Energia, objectors are raising many of the same arguments once
- raised in the Netherlands, principally aesthetic impacts and noise.
-
- Amigo de la Tera, the Friends of the Earth affiliate on Curacao,
- charges that the 12 wind turbines will mar the dramatic landscape
- on the island's windswept northeastern coastline. The group
- suggests declaring the site a national scenic park and moving the
- wind turbines elsewhere.
-
- The proposed windfarm will join an existing turbine at Boca San
- Pedro on a thin coastal strip facing the easterly trade winds. The
- site is about one kilometer from Tera Cora, a residential
- neighborhood which sits on a bluff above the shoreline. Only a
- portion of the rotor on the existing turbine is visible from homes
- in the neighborhood.
-
- Earlier fears of noise from the proposed facility have abated since
- a poll of residents found little or no noise reached the
- neighborhood from the existing machine. Nevertheless, criticism of
- the project has forced government officials to examine the
- project's noise and aesthetic impact.
-
- The area around the existing turbine is used frequently by tourists
- in off-road vehicles, and as an occasional trash dump by others.
- Ironically, there are nearly 4,000 water-pumping windmills on the
- island, says Guda, one-half of which are still in use. The
- existing turbine, a NEWECS 25, has been operating successfully
- since its 1985 installation. Developed by Stork and FDO, two Dutch
- aerospace companies, the two-blade, 26.5-meter turbine was a
- forerunner of a 1-MW turbine installed at Medemblik in the
- Netherlands.
-
- Kodela, Curacao's water and electricity utility, operates the
- existing machine, and is developing the new project with 12 NedWind
- 250-kW turbines. The 25-meter design is currently used in the
- Netherlands, including prominent projects on breakwaters at
- Enkuizen and Lauwersoog.
-
- The site in Curacao has an average annual wind speed of 8 m/s (18
- mph). However, the average speed is less indicative of the energy
- in the wind than elsewhere because the island lies in the trade
- wind belt. Trade winds are nearly constant, but seldom reach gale
- force. Guda estimates that winds at the site will rarely exceed 12
- m/s (27 mph). Nevertheless, the power density for the site, the
- best measured to date on Curacao, is a powerful 700 watts/m2, Guda
- estimates.
-
- Most wind turbines are designed to perform optimally in winds
- stronger than those typically found in the trade winds. For
- example, nearly all utility-scale wind turbines, with the exception
- of U.S. Windpower's 56-100, reach their rated capacity only in
- winds from 13-16 m/s (30-35 mph). Thus most wind turbines, says
- Guda, will rarely if ever reach their rated capacity when operating
- in Caribbean trade winds.
-
- The existing NEWECS 25, for example, reaches its 300 kW of rated
- capacity at 14 m/s (31 mph), a wind speed above that typically
- encountered at the site. During much of the year, when the wind
- hits the island at a steady 10 m/s (22 mph), the turbine will only
- generate 50-60 kW. Guda believes that the performance can be
- improved dramatically by tuning the rotor and its pitch control
- system for use with a smaller generator.
-
- Curacao, which lies 40 miles (65 kilometers) north of the
- Venezuelan coast, is an autonomous former Dutch colony. The
- island's population of 170,000 receives substantial financial
- support from the Dutch government, which along with the European
- Community is expected to pay 50% of the wind project costs.
-
- Kodela had initially expressed interest in using U.S. Windpower's
- 56-100 turbine at the Boca San Pedro site. However, the Dutch
- government quickly offered to finance the project with both its own
- funds and those of the EC if Kodela would use more costly Dutch
- turbines. Though the turbines are currently under construction,
- the EC has balked at contributing its share at the last minute.
- Kodela expects the snag will be resolved soon so shipment of the
- turbines can begin.
-
- According to sources at Kodela, the towers for the project are
- being built in the U.S. However, no further details are available.
-
- If completed, the Curacao project will be the largest south of the
- U.S. border.
-
- ===============================
-
- The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) has authorized me to offer
- an electronic edition of its newsletter, _Wind Energy Weekly_, from
- which the above article is excerpted, at no cost.
-
- For those of you who have not previously seen excerpts from back issues
- on Usenet or Bitnet, the _Weekly_ reports on the outlook for renewable
- energy, energy-related environmental issues, and renewable energy
- legislation in addition to wind industry trade news. The electronic
- edition normally runs about 10kb in length.
-
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-
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-
- *******************************************************************
- Tom Gray EcoNet/PeaceNet: tgray@igc
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