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- Newsgroups: misc.activism.progressive
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!asuvax!ukma!mont!pencil.cs.missouri.edu!rich
- From: rich@pencil.cs.missouri.edu (Rich Winkel)
- Subject: STRATEGIC THRUST BEHIND SOMALI INTERVENTION
- Message-ID: <1992Dec18.010934.26162@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
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- Originator: rich@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
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- Organization: PACH
- Date: Fri, 18 Dec 1992 01:09:34 GMT
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-
- /** pacnews.sample: 191.0 **/
- ** Topic: Strategy behind Somalia Interventi **
- ** Written 12:23 pm Dec 16, 1992 by pacificnews in cdp:pacnews.sample **
- From: Pacific News Service <pacificnews>
- Subject: Strategy behind Somalia Interventi
-
- /* Written 12:27 pm Dec 14, 1992 by pacificnews@igc.apc.org in igc:pacnews.storie */
- /* ---------- "Strategy behind Somalia Interventi" ---------- */
- COPYRIGHT PACIFIC NEWS SERVICE
- 450 Mission Street, Room 506
- San Francisco, CA 94105
- 415-243-4364
-
- OPINION & ANALYSIS -- 895 WORDS
-
- STRATEGIC THRUST BEHIND SOMALI INTERVENTION
-
- EDITOR'S NOTE: The U.S.-led U.N. intervention in Somalia coincides
- with the rising Islamic revolutionary tide throughout the Arab world.
- Possible target for another U.S. intervention is the Sudan, which, like
- Somalia, is wracked by hunger and civil war. But unlike Somalia, the
- Sudan is dominated by a powerful Islamic revivalist movement feared
- by other Arab governments. PNS editor Franz Schurmann, a
- sociologist and historian at the University of California, Berkeley, has
- lived and travelled widely in the Islamic world and closely follows the
- Arabic press.
-
- BY FRANZ SCHURMANN, PACIFIC NEWS SERVICE
-
- Despite its highly touted aims to feed starving people, Operation
- Restore Hope also has strategic aims that go way beyond its limited
- humanitarian mission. In fact, the United States once again may be
- taking on a vast new revolutionary force in the name of winning the
- hearts and minds of suffering people.
-
- One key strategic aim of the U.S.-led U.N. intervention in Somalia is to
- restore the Western-Muslim coalition that fought the Gulf war. A
- second is to send a warning to the Sudan and Iran that the U.S. will not
- tolerate any semblance of an Islamic fundamentalist revolution in
- northern Africa.
-
- The intervention comes at a time when an Islamic tide is rising fast in
- the Arab world, especially in Egypt, and a warning that the U.S. might
- take action against the Sudan was sounded recently in a remark by Rep.
- Lee Hamilton (D-Indiana), chairman of the House Foreign Affairs
- Committee, about possible "intervention to save the Sudan." The
- Sudan has recently been listed by several international organizations as
- the most hunger-threatened country in the world.
-
- A civil war between the Sudan's Muslim north and its
- Animist/Christian south has been going on since the late 1960s,
- though truncated by a lengthy truce. But what most worries
- Washington and its Arab allies is that the Sudan is ruled by a military
- junta closely linked with Islamic fundamentalists. And the junta has
- close ties to Iran, symbolized by the recent arrival in Khartoum of an
- official Iranian delegation numbering some 240 members.
-
- Egypt's president Hosni Mubarak in particular blames the Sudan and
- Iran for aiding and abetting fundamentalist terrorism in the poor
- regions of Upper Egypt close to the Sudan. For many years Egypt and
- the Sudan were virtually one country, and some Egyptian leaders
- believe the fundamentalist upheaval will collapse if the alleged Islamic
- training camps across the border are destroyed.
-
- The population of the Sudan, Africa's largest country in area, is racially
- mostly black -- the Arabic word "Sudan" means "country of the blacks."
- It is also the eastern flank of a much larger geographical Sudan with a
- long and brilliant Islamic history that extends west to Senegal.
-
- A century ago a powerful Islamic revivalist movement arose in the
- modern Sudan. It came close to administering the first defeat to British
- imperialism since the American Revolution. The key figure of that
- movement was the "mahdi" (the "God-inspired leader" or messiah).
-
- Ironically, while a contemporary descendant of that mahdi, Sadiq Al-
- Mahdi, has emerged as a moderate alternative to the dominant
- fundamentalism, neighboring Arab powers fear that "fundamentalist
- terrorists" could again pour forth from the Sudanese deserts. Six
- hundred years ago a great North African philosopher, Ibn Khaldun,
- wrote that desert tribes, bonded by powerful loyalties he called
- "asabiyya" would again and again attack civilization. And today other
- Arab writers fiercely warn against "gangs of terrorists held together by
- asabiyya threatening contemporary civilization."
-
- A Western-trained Sudanese Ph.D, Dr. Hassan Al-Turabi, is now being
- fingered by nervous Arab governments as the leader of a world-wide
- fundamentalist movement. Turabi himself recently warned that the
- U.S. is seeking "to destroy the Islamic order in the Sudan," and said any
- U.S. intervention would meet a "fierce jihad" from an Islamized army
- and large numbers of popular militias.
-
- Turabi particularly denounced the Algerian government, which
- denied its own fundamentalists their crushing electoral victory a year
- ago. Noting that the Algerian regime's mainstay, the army, was secular
- only in its upper ranks, Turabi commented "the regular soldiers are all
- Muslim."
-
- Turabi's words imply that the secular Arab states are losing control of
- their societies and armies. The religious rulers of U.S. ally Saudi
- Arabia, believing his words may be true, have taken a very cautious
- approach to Turabi, the Sudan and Somalia. The Saudis, in fact, are
- hoping Turabi might make a deal with Sadiq Al-Mahdi for a
- democratic Sudan in which even the southern U.S.-educated rebel
- leader John Garang would have a place.
-
- But by reviving the Gulf war coalition and going into Somalia, the U.S.
- has brought a military threat back into Red Sea geopolitics. Khartoum
- is now clearly worried that U.S. forces, with or without U.N. sanction,
- could go into the southern Sudan to save people from starvation. They
- would be welcomed by Garang's forces and likely could easily
- overpower government forces holed up in the region's few large
- towns.
-
- And it is Washington's and Cairo's hope that U.S. intervention,
- coupled perhaps with an Egyptian military thrust into the Sudan, could
- provoke the junta's downfall.
-
- There is an old conviction in the minds of many international
- strategists that if you can lop off the heads of a revolutionary
- movement, that movement will collapse, a belief that is currently
- being tested by the elimination of Peru's Shining Path leader, Abimael
- Guzman. The hope is now rife in Middle Eastern government circles
- that a fundamentalist defeat in the Sudan could "tame" or destabilize
- Iran and that this will eliminate Islamic fundamentalism as a serious
- political threat in the region.
-
- The stakes are high and the gamble is big, but it would be extremely
- short sighted to believe a few U.S. marines can end a revolutionary
- process, long brewing in the Arab and Islamic worlds, that still seeks
- redress for enormous and deeply felt grievances.
-
- (12141992) **** END **** COPYRIGHT PNS
-
- ** End of text from cdp:pacnews.sample **
-