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- Newsgroups: misc.activism.progressive
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!usc!howland.reston.ans.net!wupost!mont!pencil.cs.missouri.edu!rich
- From: JOSE ANTONIO BASTO <jb00@lehigh.edu>
- Subject: E.Timor: Indonesia failure with the new generation
- Message-ID: <1992Dec12.214606.11359@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
- Followup-To: alt.activism.d
- Originator: rich@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Sender: news@mont.cs.missouri.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Organization: Lehigh University
- Date: Sat, 12 Dec 1992 21:46:06 GMT
- Approved: map@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Lines: 133
-
- II.11 - Indonesia bets on the new generation
-
- Synopsis of the presentation by Lici'nia Ramos Horta,
- East Timorese.
-
- section # 12
-
- PART-II
-
- 2nd SEMINAR ON EAST TIMOR, PORTO UNIVERSITY, PORTUGAL, 1990
-
- "EAST-TIMOR, LAND OF HOPE"
-
- II. -EAST TIMOR, INDONESIA, AUSTRALIA AND THE WORLD
- GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION: PROSPECTS FOR EVOLUTION
- ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
-
- "I spent two years in a Bali University [Indonesia] studying
- English literature. There are more than two hundred East
- Timorese studying in Bali." The students have to sit for an
- admission test, and once they passed it, they will be screened and
- have to be approved by KOPSKAM (Indonesia's Secret Service and
- National Security body.)
-
- "KOPSKAM has the final word. Once approved, and when
- attending Indonesian universities, the students join the Timorese
- Student Associations, all of which are controlled by the Indonesia
- military. Take Bali, for instance, all students have to join the
- East Timor University and High School Alliance - IMPETTU (in
- Bahasa Indonesia.)
-
- (...) "The Indonesian authorities have decided to nominate a
- military commander for the leadership of IMPETTU. All
- initiatives taken by this organization come from the military in
- co-operation with civil authorities and under the directives of
- the Jakarta government.
-
- (...) "The Indonesian authorities not only control the
- organization's activities, they also organize spy networks within
- the students' community, within schools, universities and in the
- students' residences. They pay and instruct other Timorese to spy
- on their compatriots with whom they share desks or lodging.
- Other Indonesian students also provide this 'service'. Teachers
- act also as spies working closely with the Indonesian secret
- service.
-
- (...) "At school, the East Timorese avoid mingling with the
- Indonesians and are always grouped together. This behaviour
- enforces the climate of lack of confidence.(...) Since the East
- Timorese are not interested in learning Indonesian, language is
- another factor that only increases the hostilities.(...)
-
- "The vast majority of almost two hundred East Timorese
- studying in Bali prefer to study Economics, Medicine or Law, and
- only two attend Indonesian Literature courses. At school what we
- learn most concerns Indonesia, and "Pancasila" - the five
- philosophical principles of the Indonesian State - is the most
- important subject in all areas of study.
-
- "Marks on this subject sometimes determines who passes or
- fails at exam. East Timor is not mentioned, there are no broad
- discussions or debates between the East Timorese students on any
- international political issue, on democracy in other countries or
- on their economic development.
-
- "As the teachers and the military told me: <<that is not a subject
- for the Timorese.>> Indonesia is all that matters like if it was the
- only country on earth. Indonesia has liberated the Timorese from
- Portuguese colonialism, the Timorese are considered
- underdeveloped.
-
- "According to Indonesia, the only way to improve their lot is to
- learn and assimilate everything that is Javanese or from
- cultures of other Indonesian provinces, like Bali.
-
- "When a student goes to Bali to continue his/her studies has to
- present him/herself to the Bali Military Command. During this
- meeting with the military authorities, students are told to
- socialize with everybody, local and others and not only with the
- Timorese. At this stage they are also told to spy on others. (...)
-
- "Although, as I mentioned before there are no broadly-based or
- deep debating on international matters, sometimes they surface
- during classes. The teachers and the most distinguished students,
- always try as hard as they can to avoid any negative or
- vulnerable mention to Indonesia. If someone mentions a
- similarity to East Timor, the subject cannot be mentioned,
- otherwise one is punished and the smallest punishment is a fail
- mark.
-
- "That is exactly what happened to a colleague of mine who dared
- mention the rights of people to self-determination, during a
- "Pancasila" class. Although she was a brilliant and distinguished
- student, she was the only one to fail the exams."
-
- Lici'nia Horta then explained the Indonesian efforts to transform
- the East Timorese mentality into an Indonesian one, with all sorts
- of control, including censorship to family letters, etc. and adds:
-
- "The East Timorese students do not identify themselves as
- Indonesian. The armed resistance on the mountains and on the
- occupied areas, are a powerful stimulant for the nationalist
- feelings and hostilize the Indonesians even further.
-
- "Indonesia bets that this new generation will get a
- Javanese/Indonesian and integrationist mentality. But this is
- also the generation that survived all massacres since day one of
- invasion, December, 7, 1975, and all the massacres of 1978,
- 1979, 1980, etc., during the Indonesian occupation.
-
- "These students belong to a generation that asks when someone
- passes away: <<Was it from disease, accident or the tentaras
- [Indonesian soldiers]? >>".
-
- Lici'nia Horta ends saying:
-
- "So far, only General Prabowo, Suharto's son-in-law, seems to
- be the only one to admit that the bet on the new generation was a
- failure. When his soldiers from Battalion 328 were biting the
- dust on the battlefield, frustrating his military strategy, he said
- <<There is only one way to end the Timor war: exterminate them
- all.>>"
- [end]
-
- --
- ******************
- *
- * "Tudo o que e', assenta em tudo o que foi."
- * Ano'nimo
- *
- * Jose' Barros BASTO; Address:11,Duh Dr Apt 222; BETHLEHEM, PA 18015-3732
- * Phone :(215)758-1846; Office:(215)758-4640; FAX:(215)758-4886 U.S.A.
-
-