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- Path: sparky!uunet!world!eff!ssd.intel.com!ichips!tjehl
- From: tjehl@sedona.intel.com (Timothy Jehl)
- Subject: Re: CISC and RISC
- Message-ID: <1992Dec16.185521.21232@ichips.intel.com>
- Originator: tjehl@sedona
- Sender: news@ichips.intel.com (News Account)
- Reply-To: tjehl@sedona.intel.com
- Organization: Intel Corporation.
- References: <amipb.04wr@amipb.gna.org> <37844@cbmvax.commodore.com> <Bz8FD1.Dxt@ns1.nodak.edu> <BzByvD.FA9@news.cs.andrews.edu> <1gnl0mINNpq2@crcnis1.unl.edu>
- Date: Wed, 16 Dec 1992 18:55:21 GMT
- Lines: 43
-
-
- In article <1gnl0mINNpq2@crcnis1.unl.edu>, tbills@cse.unl.edu (Trent Bills) writes:
- >
- > |> >What are the advantages of CISC and RISC?
- >
- > RISC is based on several observations made by looking at compiler generated
- > code. The first is that compiler writers have great difficulty in trying
- > to find situations under which a complicated assembly code instruction
- > can be used. It has been observed that compilers for CISC machines do not
- > typically make use of "nifty" instructions. Second, it has been observed
- > that compilers for CISC machines ussually only use one or two addressing
- > modes. Therefore, in the RISC processor, only one or two addressing modes
- > are implemented. These simplifications and the register to register only
- > operations allow RISC designers to fit their instructions into a fixed
- > size instruction word (32 or 64 bits). The fixed size instruction word
- > greatly reduces the complexity of the instruction decode portion of the
- > CPU. All of these simplifications add up to a great savings in space
- > on the chip. This extra space can be used for a cache, large register
- > file, or on chip coprocessors.
- >
- There is one (and only one) reason for RISC processors : clock speed.
- There is absolutely no advantage to having a lesser instruction set unless
- you can make the device run faster. It is true, as pointed out above, that
- simplifying the instruction set results in less complex decoding logic.
- However, the advantage to this less complex logic is speed, not area.
- If you can't make the chip run faster, RISC makes no sense.
-
- On the die area front, we are rapidly reaching the point where the
- computational logic on a high end processor is being dwarfed by the
- on chip storage. Minor area savings in the computation are becoming
- less important, so expect 1) RISC processors to become more complex,
- as the process technology becomes available to allow high speed operation
- while performing complex tasks, and 2) CISC processors to move to both
- super-scaler and super-pipeline as the processing area becomes cheaper.
- In addition, expect the instructions sets of both types of processors to
- start expanding to allow conditional execution commands. As the pipelines
- get deeper, the penalty for branches get more expensive. Instructions
- which allow you to do conditional execution without branching will become
- vital to maintain code throughput.
- --
-
- "It really only matters to the people who care."
-
-