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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!apple!TIS.COM!avolio
- From: avolio@TIS.COM (Frederick M Avolio)
- Newsgroups: comp.mail.sendmail
- Subject: Re: "Standard" Behavior of $[ $] Syntax (?)
- Message-ID: <9212181548.AA07506@TIS.COM>
- Date: 18 Dec 92 15:48:42 GMT
- References: <1992Dec18.013900.16700@cfctech.cfc.com>
- Sender: daemon@Apple.COM
- Reply-To: avolio@TIS.COM
- Organization: Trusted Information Systems, Inc.
- Lines: 64
-
- In article <1992Dec18.013900.16700@cfctech.cfc.com> kevin@cfctech.cfc.com (Kevin Darcy) writes:
- >Quick and simple question: on most sendmails which I've (reluctantly)
- >configured, the $[ $] syntax will transform a partially-qualified name into
- >an FQDN, e.g.
- >
- >foo.bar -> foo.bar.blech.com
- >
- >Is this behavior universal enough to be considered part of the de facto
- >sendmail "standard"? I have an implementation of sendmail, from a vendor who
- >shall remain nameless, where the $[ $] syntax will ONLY translate CNAMEs into
- >their canonical counterparts; it passes partially-qualified names through
- >untouched. This is highly inconvenient, but, not being a sendmail expert, I'm
- >unsure whether to actually call it "broken"...
-
- I have also seen both behaviors (and am pretty sure I know who the
- unnamed vendor is). The behavior is that it rewrites the address only
- for a CNAME (or if the thing between the $[ and $] is an IP address,
- e.g. 192.5.214.10)
-
- What you want to do is use the DNS's support for partially qualified
- names, or "relative addresses", in sending mail. This is NOT a good
- thing to do. There are three main reasons, keeping in mind that using
- a relative address is habit-forming:
-
- 1. Relative addresses are.. well... relative. They change with
- location. If you are sitting on host foo.det.dec.com and send mail to
- user@gatekeeper it might go to "user" on "gatekeeper.dec.com" because
- the resolver tried "gatekeeper.det.dec.com" (gatekeeper.LOCALDOMAIN)
- and then tried one level up, and found it. But move to Maryland and
- be on foo.dco.dec.com and send the same mail and it might go to "user"
- on "gatekeeper.dco.dec.com" -- a different user.
-
- 2. Relative addresses may become ambiguous. User 1 is
- "mary@alpha.cs.umd.edu" and user 2 is "joe@beta.ee.umd.edu". Joe
- sends mail to mary as: "mary@alpha.cs" and it works. But if someone
- on "beta.ee.umd.edu" wants to send mail to a user on a system in
- Czechoslovakia (.cs) he is out of luck. There are numerous ways
- around this, but all require knowledge or how the MTA is going to act
- and this changes site to site.
-
- 3. Relative addressing does not carry to the top-level. Logically, I
- (avolio@tis.com) should be able to send mail to a friend Allen
- (allen@det.dec.com) to "allen@det.dec" seeing as how we both share the
- same top-level (.com). This does not work.
-
- One should configure sendmail to:
-
- a. rewrite any address $*@$- to tack on the local domain (the only
- definition possible).
-
- b. leave everything else alone.
-
- This means that relative addresses will work (since the DNS will do
- what was dscribed above) but are discouraged. One *could* put a
- trailing dot on, as in:
-
- R$*@$- $1@$2.MYDOMAIN
- R$*@$+ $:$1@$2. note addding trailing blank
-
- which would disallow relative addresses (treating every addresses as
- rooted) but I'd chose not to bother.
-
- Fred
-
-