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- Newsgroups: wny.seminar,cs.seminar
- Path: sparky!uunet!psinntp!isc-newsserver!rit!rochester!pat
- From: pat@cs.rochester.edu
- Subject: U of Rochester Seminar
- Message-ID: <9211181656.AA04541@slate.cs.rochester.edu>
- Sender: pat@cs.rochester.edu (Pat Marshall)
- Organization: Computer Science Department University of Rochester
- Distribution: wny
- Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 11:56:30 -0500
- Lines: 65
-
- UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
- Computer Science Department
-
- SEMINAR
- November 23, 1992
- 209 Computer Studies Building
- 11:00 A.M.
-
- Speaker
- MITSUNORI OGIWARA
- University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo
-
-
-
- How Hard is Counting?
-
- In 1979, Valiant introduced #P as a class of functions that count the number of
- accepting computation paths of NP machines; equivalently, a class of functions
- that count the number of solutions
- in NP problems.
- By applying simple thresholds to #P,
- various complexity classes called `counting classes'
- have been introduced.
- As typical classes among them, we have PP, C_=P, and \oplus P,
- which are defined by thresholds
- `at least a half of the paths are accepting,'
- `exactly a half of the paths are accepting,' and
- `an odd number of paths are accepting,' respectively.
- Recently, Toda proved that PH (the polynomial-time hierarchy)
- is polynomial-time reducible to PP,
- thereby showing that `counting' has a power to capture even PH.
- This leaves us a question ``How strong is the power of counting?''
- I have been working on the question along the following
- four basic directions.
-
-
- 1. {\em How are counting classes different from each other?}
- It is widely believed that the above counting classes are
- all different. If so, what are the properties that a counting
- class $C$ possesses and that a counting class $D$ does not
- seem to possess?
-
- 2. {\em What are complete problems for counting classes?}
- Complete problems help us to develop our intuition on
- how complex a complexity class is.
- What type of problems are complete for counting classes
- and for related classess?
-
- 3. {\em Is PH characterized by `counting'?}
- Can we extend Toda's result to show that there is
- a threshold that, applied to #P functions,
- completely characterizes PH?
-
- 4. {\em What properties do #P possess?}
- It is well-known that there are many operations \tau, such as
- addition and multiplication, such that \tau applied to
- #P functions is also computable in #P.
- Is every operation defined over #P computable within
- #P? If not, what are the `hardness' operations?
-
- This talk will summarize the research I have done along the above four
- directions.
-
-
-
-