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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!rock!concert!duke!uunet.UU.NET
- From: nadeem%igpho@uunet.UU.NET (Nadeem Malik)
- Newsgroups: soc.culture.pakistan,soc.culture.bangladesh,soc.religion.islam
- Subject: The Seal Of Prophets, Reply to Raheel Khan: R1
- Message-ID: <722382338@flounder.cs.duke.edu>
- Date: 21 Nov 92 21:45:39 GMT
- Sender: azhar@duke.cs.duke.edu
- Followup-To: poster
- Organization: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, CH
- Lines: 192
- Approved: azhar@duke.cs.duke.edu
-
-
-
- In the name of Allah, The Gracious, the Merciful.
-
- MUHAMMAD(SAAWS): THE SEAL OF PROPHETS
- -------------------------------------
-
-
- Recently, Mr Raheel Khan posted a scholarly looking article ( a long one) on
- the issue of the title above. It also included some related topics.
-
- This is a humble attempt to address some of the points raised therein. I hope
- and pray that the points that I make below may be of use to some. Amen.
-
- Since the original article was a long one, I intend to respond in a series of
- shorter articles. This is Response 1 (R1).
-
-
- Response 1 by Nadeem Ahmad Malik
- ETH, Zurich
-
- [Everything below is my own pesonal thoughts.
- I take responsiblity for any errors.]
-
-
-
- I. Introductory Comments
- =========================
-
- Mr Khan's article was prompted by the following exchange:
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------
-
- Assalamu'alaikum:
-
- In his article Zeeshan Hassan writes:
-
- >Question: Does the Doctrine of Muhammad as the last prophet originate in the
- >Qur'an, or does it come from the Hadith sources?
-
- In his repsonse to a Qadiyani's post, Keith Fuller writes:
-
- >Is this like something mystical or something?
- >I was under the impression that muslims do not go for that sort of
- >mystical stuff.
-
- I must say that the evil effects of the Ahmadi campaign are manifesting
- themselves. Both Muslims and non-Muslims are being confused by their
- propoganda.
-
- In a nutshell, the answer to Mr. Hassan's answer, yes, in fact, the
- fact of the finality of Muhammad's(SAAWS) prophethood is mentioned in the
- Qur'an in rather unequivocal terms. (See below for the verse)
-
- In response to Mr. Fuller's question, I can only say that Ahmadis are not
- Muslim. They are considered to be non-Muslims by the consensus of the
- scholars because of their refutation of the finality of Muhammad's(SAAWS)
- prophethood. So, you are right, Muslims don't go for this kind of stuff!
-
- I thing that the issue is so important that it merits a more detailed explanation.
- The same issue has been discussed at length in soc.culture.pakistan, where I posted
- an article in response to some questions that were being raised about Ahmadiyya and
- Islam. I am including some commonly asked questions and parts of the article that I
- posted on SCP in the hope that it clarifies the issue.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------
-
-
- Off course, personally, I believe that the spiritually blessed campaign of
- Ahmadis are manifesting wonderfully. Many Muslims and non-Muslims are
- being enlightened about the true Message of Islam through our Movement.
-
- Also, in a nutshell, the real answer of Mr. Hassan's answer is undoubtedly
- no; the so-called finality of Prophethood (of all types) is not mentioned
- anywhere in the Quran. If fact there are at least two point-blank statements
- in the Holy Quran that Prophethood will continue; and a few more verses which
- needs only a little extra thought and commonsense that also support the
- continuation of Prophethood. (These verses will be discussed in a later article,
- Inshallah.) The only verse that the non-Ahmadi Muslims put forward to justify
- dis-continuity of Prophethood can easily be shown to contain, at worst, an
- ambiguous meaning which great scholars have been debating about for centuries,
- and, at best, it actually supports the opposite view. These points will also
- be clarified in a later post, Inshallah.
-
- The traditions (sunnah and hadith) of the Holy Prophet (SAW) are not 100%
- decisive (to me at least) on the issue. Some can be interpreted in the way that
- Mr Khan says. But most non-Ahmadi Muslims have not been made aware of many
- strong hadith which clearly state that Prophets can come. On the whole, the
- weight of authentic hadith support continuity of Prophethood.
-
- Then, the third teer of Islamic thought are the great scholars. I will
- also post in another article some of the great scholars who explicitly
- stated Prophets may certainly be sent by Allah.
-
- It should be made clear that only the modern day Muslim Scholars consider
- people who believe in continuity of Prophethood as not Muslim. But then,
- the Holy Prophet said that 72 out 73 sects in Islam in the latter days would be
- astray and only one would be rightly guided. So where does this leave us! Again
- I hope to make this a subject of a separate article, Inshallah.
-
-
-
-
-
- II. Fundamentals of Islam
- =========================
-
- Mr Khan continues by establishing the fundamental premises upon which the
- discussion should be based:
-
- >To avoid confusion, I propose the following assumptions that I think all
- >Mulsims should be able to agree on:
-
- > 1) To Allah belongs the sovereignty and the supreme Knowledge.
-
- > 2) Muhammad (SAAWS) was a messenger of Allah and his slave
-
- > 3) The reliable traditions of the Prophet (SAAWS) are the reference
- > with which to interpret the Qur'an
-
- > "And if ye have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to
- > Allah and his Messenger." An-Nisa, Quran(4:59)
-
-
- This is fine! All Ahmadi Muslims agree with this 100%.
-
- (But maybe Mr Khan has made a slip-up in the first sentence: if this is what
- Muslims believe in, doesn't that make Ahmadis Muslims also ? :-) )
-
- To demonstrate our full concurrance with the 3 points above (actually 2 since
- 1+2 constitutes nothing other than the Kalima -- but lets not split hairs),
- allow me to appraise the reader of what Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (HMGA) of
- Qadian, Holy founder of Jamat-e-Ahmadiyya, said:
-
- " The Muslims have three sources for establishing themselves
- on Islamic guidance.
- First, the Holy Quran which is the Book of God than which we
- we have no more conclusive and certain statement. It is the Word
- of God and it is free from all doubt and speculation.
- Secondly, the practice of the Holy Prophet, which is called
- Sunnah. We do not regard hadeeth and Sunnah as one. They are
- distinct, hadeeth is one thing and sunnah is another. By sunnah
- we mean the practice of the Holy Prophet, to which he adhered and
- which appeared along with the Holy Quran and will accompany it.
- In other words, the Holy Quran is the Word of God and sunnah is
- the action of the Holy Prophet, peace be upon him. .... "
-
- " The third source of guidance is hadeeth, by which we mean those
- traditions which were compiled from the statements of the diverse
- narrators a century and a half after the Holy Prophet. The
- distinction between sunnah and hadeeth is that sunnah is a contin-
- uous practice which was started by the Holy Prophet. It is only
- next to the Holy Quaran in its certainty. .... "
-
- " The practical illustration which has been continuous among Muslims
- is the sunnah. On the other hand, the Holy Prophet did not have
- the hadeeth recorded in his presence nor did he make any arrange-
- ment for its compilation. .... "
-
- " There is no doubt that most of the compilers of hadeeth were
- very pious and righteous. ... Nevertheless it would be a mistake
- to imaging that till the ahadeeth were compiled, the Muslims
- were unaware of the details of Prayer services or did not know the
- proper way of performing pilgrimage. .... "
-
- " The correct way, therefore, is neither to treat the ahadeeth as
- having greater authority than the Quaran, as do the Ahl-i-hadeeth
- of this age, and not to prefer the statements in the ahadeeth
- which are contradictory of the Quaran to the Quaran itself; nor
- to regard the ahadeeth as vain and false as is the belief of
- Maulvi Abdullah Chakralvi. The Quaran and sunnah should judge the
- ahadeeth and those that are not opposed to them should by all
- means be accepted. This is the straight path and the blessed are
- those who follow it. ... "
-
- (Review of the Debate Between Batalvi and Chakralvi, p6;
- reproduced in The Essence of Islam, Vol. II, pp 101-103.)
-
-
- HMGA (ASA) then went on to list the priority of the Books of hadith as:
- (1) Sahih Bukhari;
- (2) Sahih Muslim;
- (3) Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Muatta of Imam Malik,
- Nissai, Abu Daud, Dar Qutni.
-
- So far so good. I will end Response 1 here on the happy note that we all
- agree upon fundamentals. Alhamdolilah.
-
-
- Nadeem Malik
-
- p.s. my correct e-mail address is: nadeem@p.igp.ethz.ch
-