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- Newsgroups: sci.physics.fusion
- Path: sparky!uunet!think.com!ames!pacbell.com!tandem!zorch!fusion
- From: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
- Subject: CNF bibliography update (total now 765 papers, 117 patents/appl.).
- Message-ID: <C24B5835131F203349@vms2.uni-c.dk>
- Sender: scott@zorch.SF-Bay.ORG (Scott Hazen Mueller)
- Reply-To: Dieter Britz <BRITZ@kemi.aau.dk>
- Organization: Sci.physics.fusion/Mail Gateway
- Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 17:44:49 GMT
- Lines: 182
-
-
- Hello fellow searchers for The Truth,
- I crawl out from under my rock and run with my pack of ruthless hyenas, to
- bring you this masquerade of objective and impartial reporting etc. Whom shall
- we drive out of the country today?
- We have four papers out of FT, and again I wonder at the editor... However,
- the long paper by Bush has an acknowledgement, in which he thanks R. Bass,
- S. Chubb and E. Storms for discussions, Editor Miley for encouragement and
- Southern California Edison for financial support, as well as two anonymous
- referees for their comments. So we are told two important things here: FT does
- use referees, and cnf does get finance. Bush didn't have to leave the country.
- He writes with a scholarly tone, is clearly self-critical, but is forced to a
- conclusion many of us will have strong doubts about. But this theory might be
- behind recent statements by our friend Jed R, about cnf really being a large
- number of hitherto unknown nuclear processes, not just one.
- Arata and Zhang (Zhang is a "she", we find from the authors' photos in the
- journal) here publish exactly what they already published in the Japanese
- journal. Their "on-off" effect here is just an "off" effect; the neutrons and
- heat appear when the PdD is exposed to air and the D rushes out.
- Fugacity is defended qualitatively by Bockris et al, even quoting a Bockris
- paper of 1972, which I would have used as an argument against this "theory".
- The secret is said to be that what happens between gas particles is not the
- same as at the wall, where pressure is measured. And Landau and Lifshits
- (spelled consistently "Lifchits", I don't think polyglot Bockris did much of
- the writing of this one, I bet he knows some Russian and knows the
- transliteration rules).
- Once again, we have Matsumoto, and where, I ask, were the anonymous referees?
- Black holes indeed. But there I go again, dropping my mask of objectivity. I
- liked the tailed one, though. One of them, I must admit, looked to me like a
- microscopic bug, like a mite; I reckon I can see a few legs. No, it's a black
- hole.
- Well, on with the show. Michael Swartz, who sometimes posts here, has a
- paper, on a 1-D model of a cold fusion cell, an unusual way of looking at it.
- No surprising conclusions, but maybe he'll follow up with more.
- Finally, we have Tsarev and Golubnichii, who put in a plug for fractofusion,
- pointing out that this was discovered in the USSR in 1986, and might be the
- answer Prof. Jones needs for his geological fusion puzzle.
- A couple of patents; one of them now also involving coal. Yes, coal.
-
- Back under my rock now. But first: AOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOH! Ooh, that feels
- good, I love a good howl.
- Dieter
- ==============================================================================
- COLD NUCLEAR FUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- Additions 19-Nov-1992
- Dieter Britz alias britz@kemi.aau.dk
- Total no. of journal papers: 765
-
-
-
- Journal articles; files cnf-pap1..5
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Arata Y, Zhang Y-C; Fusion Technol. 22 (1992) 287.
- "Reproducible 'cold' fusion reaction using a complex cathode".
- ** This is essentially the same paper as published by the authors in Kagu
- Yugo Kenkyu 67 (1992) 432, in Japanese. It describes a Pd or Ni cathode
- "plasma-sprayed" with a Pd layer. The authors point out that if cnf takes
- place, it does so within the cathode, and it is there the temperature should
- be measured. Neutron emissions from an electrolysis cell were measured with
- two detectors; a (3)He and a BF3 one, with surrounding paraffin blocks and Cd
- shielding. A complex Pd cathode, after charging for 240 h, was held in air and
- a strong heating effect was observed. A similar cathode but without the extra
- Pd layer did not do this. When sand-blasted, this one, too, heated up in air
- after being charged again. Thus, an uneven surface favours fusion. Neutron
- counts, too, were higher than blanks or runs with H2O, with these sprayed
- rods. Aug-91/Sep-92
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Bockris JO'M, Chien C-C, Hodko D, Minevski Z;
- Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 17 (1992) 445.
- "Cold fusion as a consequence of high fugacity among hydrogen isotopes".
- ** Bockris et al here argue for the high-fugacity theory of cold fusion. In
- the original FPH paper, FPH calculated, from the overpotential, an equivalent
- "pressure" of 1E26 atm. This is supported here, although called fugacity. The
- authors refer to 1967 work of Landau and Lifshits, which says that a pressure
- exceeding 1E17 atm might cause electron capture by deuterium nuclei and thus
- loss of charge. There is some qualitative argument for equating fugacity with
- pressure, away from walls. The steep fugacity rise at pressures of around
- 1E04 atm is still mentioned.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Bush RT; Fusion Technol. 22 (1992) 301.
- "A light water excess heat reaction suggests that 'cold fusion' may be
- 'alkali-hydrogen fusion'".
- ** Bush here outlines, in a qualitative manner, his disavowal of the theory of
- Mills and Farrell (which "is flawed"), and his own theory of how cold fusion
- takes place in a Pd or Ni lattice. A multitude of reactions of the kind p + M1
- ==> M2, and d + M1 ==> M2, are possible, where M1 are alkali metals (as well
- as hydrogen isotopes), and M2 are ultrastable (or near-ultrastable) elements
- such as (40)Ca, (4)He, etc. This ultrastability, plus the special conditions
- in a metal hydride/deuteride lattice, is what enables cold fusion. There is
- thus a wide choice of fusion fuels, and the good news is that deuterium is not
- needed. In each case, the resulting high energy is dissipated in a kind of
- anti-Moessbauer effect, due to the rigidity of the metal lattice at these low
- temperatures. FPH were lucky because Li can do it with d. The author's TRM
- model (with Eagleton) is invoked along with all this.
- There is experimental proof. Using a Ni cathode, a Pt anode and 0.57M K2CO3
- as electrolyte, and a plate of a "Ni alloy", excess heat was found, in
- contrast with M&F, whose theory demands light water and a sodium salt (but
- using Ni itself). Rb salts, too, do the trick. The reaction with potassium
- should yield some Ca as the ash, and in fact 14 microgram (about the right
- amount) were found; using a Rb salt, again about the right amount of Sr was
- found (3 microgram). This subrevolution within cnf could have immense economic
- ramifications, writes Bush. Jul-91/Sep-92
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Matsumoto T; Fusion Technol. 22 (1992) 281.
- "Searching for tiny black holes during cold fusion".
- ** The author continues in his efforts to support his Nattoh theory of cold
- fusion, which proposes the formation of neutron clusters which collapse by
- gravity and then explode. This might also be expected to produce tiny black
- holes, and a careful search for these is described here. As before,
- post-experiment microscopic analysis of the Pd surface was carried out. The
- several figures clearly show black holes, from 10 to 100 mu in diameter, one
- of them with a tail. The region of space around this tail has asymmetrical
- curvature. Some others show associated other particles. There are six
- references, all to prior work by the author. Dec-91/Sep-92
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Swartz MR; Fusion Technol. 22 (1992) 296.
- "Quasi-one-dimensional model of electrochemical loading of isotopic fuel into
- a metal".
- ** A cold fusion electrolysis cell, with a Pt anode, a Pd cathode and
- intervening electrolyte, is modelled as a 1-D system for the transport of
- deuterium ions. The flux of deuterons in the direction of the model is
- derived, using 18 equations in all. The implications for cold fusion are that
- loading and D2 formation are mutually antagonistic, and the crystal structure
- of the Pd is important (defects, dislocations, zeolite-like diffusion of
- deuterons in the lattice), as well as its overall shape and small surface
- features such as spikes. Jan-92/Sep-92
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Tsarev VA, Golubnichii PI; Sov. Phys. - Lebedev Inst. Rep. (3)(1991) 22.
- (Original Russian: Kratk. Soobshch. Fiz. (3)(1991) 24.)
- "Geological manifestations of cold fusion".
- ** The actual role of cold fusion in the Earth is not yet clear, since we do
- not yet fully understand the cold fusion mechanism, write the authors. But the
- geological level of fusion suggested by Jones is far too high, and dd fusion
- contributes more than pd fusion. One problem with any scenario is that steady
- fusion rates over long periods are required, whereas experiments with Pd or Ti
- show that the effect dies away after some time. This can be understood in
- terms of fractofusion, first demonstrated in 1986 by Soviet workers. This
- reasoning also has importance to geological tritium and (3)He. Jan-91/?
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Patents/Appl.; file cnf-pat:
- ^^^^^^^^^^^^
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Gamo K, Watanabe M, Niikura J, Taniguchi N, Baba M, Kawamura K;
- Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 04 93,693, 3-Aug-90.
- Cited in Chem. Abstr. 117(18):180351 (1992).
- "Apparatus for cold nuclear fusion".
- ** "In a cold-nuclear-fusion app., which has a cathode that adsorbs a H
- isotope (e.g. D), and an anode from a metal (or its oxide or hydroxide)
- immersed in an electrolyte contg. a H isotope, the cathode has a part where
- c.d. is locally increased. The cathode may locally contain an impurity (alkali
- or alk.-earth metal)". (Direct quote from CA).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Heredy LA; PCT Int. Appl. WO 92 08,232, 2-Nov-90.
- Cited in Chem. Abstr. 117(18):180353 (1992).
- "Electrostatically promoted cold fusion process".
- ** "In the title process D gas is introduced and maintained under pressure in
- a reactor contg. a relatively large no. of electrode pairs sepd. from each
- other by thin-walled insulator members, connected to a variable high voltage
- d.c. power source. At least one set of electrode pairs comprises a transition
- metal, such as Pd, which is capable of forming a deuteride. Sufficient voltage
- is applied to the electrodes to trigger a nuclear fusion reaction in the D
- which is absorbed in the transition metal electrodes and excess heat of the
- reaction is captured by suitable heat exchangers operatively assocd. with the
- reactor. Both sets of the electrodes may comprise a transition metal and both
- are preferably provided in a powder form to increase surface. The polarity of
- the electrodes is reversed periodically to maintain or promote the fusion
- reaction and the powd. electrodes are agitated from time-to-time to bring
- fresh transition metal powder in contact with the insulator membranes".
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Sakawa M, Takagi R, Numata H; Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 04 115,188, 6-Sep-90.
- Cited in Chem. Abstr. 117(18):180352 (1992).
- "Cold nuclear fusion".
- ** "In cold nuclear fusion, coal is heated in the presence of a pressurised D
- gas". (Direct quote from CA).
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Dieter Britz alias britz@kemi.aau.dk
- Kemisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-