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- Newsgroups: sci.military
- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!rpi!psinntp!psinntp!ncrlnk!ciss!law7!military
- From: Mike Campbell <mike@aloysius.equinox.gen.nz>
- Subject: What are Katyusha rockets?
- Message-ID: <BxyupK.FBp@law7.DaytonOH.NCR.COM>
- Sender: military@law7.DaytonOH.NCR.COM (Sci.Military Login)
- Organization: Me? Organized?
- Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 13:56:08 GMT
- Approved: military@law7.daytonoh.ncr.com
- Lines: 53
-
-
- From Mike Campbell <mike@aloysius.equinox.gen.nz>
-
- > From woody@udcf.gla.ac.uk (Ian Woodrow)
- >
- > Hizballah have been firing katyusha rockets from Southern Lebanon into 'Israel'over the last few days.
- >
- > Can anyone tell me more about these rockets ? What are they - what sort of
- > warheads - how are they launched - what range do they have etc etc.
-
-
- The term "Katyusha" was originally a nickname given to unguided
- surface to surface rockets by Soviet troops in WWII. Unfortunately
- I don't know what it means! Another term used, by the Germans, was
- "Stalin's Organ", due to the sound made by the rockets in the air.
-
- The original rocket was 82mm, weighed 8 kg, with a 3.05 kg
- warhead, 1 kg of propellant and a range of 5500m.
-
- The term came to be applied to any Soviet Artillery Barrage Rocket,
- of which the 132mm variety became the most widely used:
- 42.5 kg weight, 18.5 kg warhead, 7.08 kg propellant, 8500 m range.
-
- These rockets are typically launched in multiples as a salvo -
- hence the term "Salvo (or Multiple) Rocket Launcher"
- applied to the launching apparatus, which might be tubes or rails.
- A common Soviet practise was to mount the launcer assemblies on trucks.
-
- A more modern version is the 122mm BM-21 Rocket Launcher, first seen
- in 1964. The rockets weigh 45.9 kg, with 19.0 kg of HE aboard each.
- Range is 15,000 m, and the truck (of course) carries a block of 40
- tubes mounted on a traversing and elevating system on its deck. This
- unit takes less than 30 seconds to fire its 40 rounds! The Soviet
- unit then takes 10-15 minutes to reload, but the Czech version has a
- reloader on board which carries one complete reload, and can be done
- in 1-2 minutes.
-
- Your Katyusha then, is probably a Soviet-built multiple rocket
- launcher (or a copy thereof), firing salvoes of unguided artillery
- rockets. The usual drill would then be to drive off as quickly as
- possible to avoid counterbattery fire and reload.
-
- Sources: Weapons of the modern Soviet Ground Forces, Landsdowne Press,
- 1981; Mortars & Rockets, WWII FactFile Series, MacDonald & Janes,
- 1975; The Russian War Machine, 1917 - 1945, Ure Smith (Sydney), 1977.
-
- Hope this helps.
- --
- Mike Campbell,
- mike@alyosius.equinox.gen.nz
- I am no longer surprised when my facts are seen by
- someone lese as fiction
-
-