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- From: Billi Goldberg <bigoldberg@igc.apc.org>
- Subject: UVR and Th1/Th2
- Message-ID: <1992Nov22.160720.26061@cs.ucla.edu>
- Note: Copyright 1992, Dan R. Greening. Non-commercial reproduction allowed.
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- Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 19:58:21 PST
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-
- The following letter was received by Science (11/13/92) in response to
- the "Awakening's...UV Light and HIV Gene Activation" article that
- appeared in Science (8/28/92).
-
- The authors, Mario Clerici and Gene M. Shearer of the Experimental
- Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of
- Health, Bathesda, MD 20892. Clerici and Shearer are intimately involved
- in Th1/Th2 research, and I have referenced their articles in my posts.
- ************************************************************************
- UV LIGHT EXPOSURE AND HIV REPLICATION
-
- The Research News article by Brigid M. Wallace and Jill S. Lasker (28
- Aug., p. 1211) raises the possibility that exposure to ultraviolet (UV)
- light can activate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by mechanisms
- that involve chromatin unwinding, with subsequent activation of HIV
- genes integrated in the eukaryotic cell genome. A second mechanism by
- which exposure to UV light could be detrimental HIV-infected individuals
- is suggested by three recent observations that are seemingly
- independent, First, it has been reported that exposure to UV light
- increases interleukin-10 (IL-10) production by monocytes (1). Second, it
- was found that a subset of asymptomatic, HIV-seropositive individuals
- who exhibit a particularly severe defect in T Helper cell function
- (determined by reduced T cell proliferation and interleukin-2
- production) shows elevated production of IL-10 (2). Third, it appears
- that T helper 1-type responses that augment cellular immunity may be
- protective against AIDS, whereas T helper 2-type responses that enhance
- humoral immunity are not (Jon Cohen, News & Comment, 10 July, p. 152)
- (3). Because T helper 2-type response are characterized by elevated
- IL-10 levels, a cytokine that down-regulates T helper 1-type responses
- (4), it is possible that the potential immunoprotective effect provided
- by T helper 1-type responses would be reduced or eliminated by a
- UV-induced increase in IL-10 production. Thus, UV exposure could also
- exacerbate progression to AIDS by interfering with protective immunity.
-
- Mario Clerici and Gene M. Shearer.
-
- REFERENCES
-
- 1. J.M.Rivas and S.E. Ulrich, J. Invest. Dermatol. 98, 587 (abstr.)
- (1992).
-
- 2. M. Clerici et al. in preparation.
-
- 3. M. Clerici and G.M. Shearer, Prog. Chem. Immunol. 54, 21 (1992); A.
- Sher et al. Immunol. Rev. 127, 183 (1992).
-
- 4. T.R. Mossman and R.L. Coffman, Adv. Immunol. 46, 111 (1989).
-
-