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- From: TSOS@uni-duesseldorf.de (Detlef Lannert)
- Newsgroups: rec.photo
- Subject: Re: Same aperture on different focal lengths?
- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 10:48:29 GMT
- Organization: Universitaetsrechenzentrum, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet, Duesseldorf
- Lines: 45
- Message-ID: <TSOS.176.721997308@uni-duesseldorf.de>
- References: <1992Nov13.234817.1@cc.helsinki.fi> <7010@news.duke.edu>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: lannert.rz.uni-duesseldorf.de
-
- In article <7010@news.duke.edu> yavor@acpub.duke.edu (Yavor B. Parashkevov) writes:
-
- >Sure, the amount of light is the same. The f-number is simply the
- >ratio between the diameter of the diaphragm and the focal length, i.e.
- >f8 means 1/8, so for a 50mm the diaphragm will be 6.25mm wide and for
- >a 100mm - 12.5mm wide. The longer lens in our example will transmit
- >1/2 the light that the shorter lens would if the diaphragm openings
- ^^^
- isn't it 1/4 ?
- >were of the same size. Accordingly, to transmit the same amount of
- >light, the longer lens must have an aperture diameter twice that of
- >the shorter lens. You can see then why the diaphragm size is
- >expressed as a ratio and not as a linear measure. To be precise, the
- >actual light transmission is always less than ideal and depends on the
- >number of lens elements and the quality of the coating, because
- >internal reflections reduce the amount of light transmitted. Todays
- >lenses suffer much less from internal reflections than the old
- >uncoated models, and there should not be a significant difference in
- >light transmission between any two lenses set at the same aperture
- >(f-stop). The only exception are perhaps the catadioptric (mirror)
- >lenses, [...]
-
- Basically I agree with what you said (although it's not actually the
- aperture size that counts, but the size of the aperture stop *as seen*
- through the front element; with some lenses this does make a difference
- [look through a wide-angle from the back: the aperture actually is much
- larger than it seems when you see it from the front]). (*)
-
- But I don't believe that there are no significant differences in light
- transmissions for various lenses at the same f-stop. I once read a
- model calculation some time ago that showed a difference of > 1/3 f-stop
- between a multi-element zoom lens and a simple prime lens; this would be
- noticeable e.g. on slide film. (I can find the reference in case anyone
- is interested.)
- ---
- (*) This is the reason why the influence of diffraction on the sharpness
- of a short wide-angle ( <= 20mm) stopped down to f22 is not so bad
- as one might expect from the formula (focal length)/22 that yields
- something < 1mm.
- The size of the exit pupil which can be seen through the rear element(s)
- is often closer to the actual aperture diameter.
- --
- Detlef Lannert DC3EK E-Mail: tsos@rz.uni-duesseldorf.de
- "Gedanken sind nicht stets parat,
- man schreibt auch, wenn man keine hat." Wilhelm Busch
-