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- Path: sparky!uunet!haven.umd.edu!mimsy!ucsu.Colorado.EDU
- From: fcrary@ucsu.Colorado.EDU (Frank Crary)
- Newsgroups: rec.guns
- Subject: Re: Recoil Formula
- Message-ID: <199211212044.AA23639@ucsu.Colorado.EDU>
- Date: 21 Nov 92 23:35:07 GMT
- Sender: magnum@mimsy.umd.edu
- Organization: University of Colorado, Boulder
- Lines: 67
- Approved: gun-control@cs.umd.edu
-
- In article <9211200842.aa18675@TBD2.BRL.MIL> abrant@BRL.MIL (PFD|PPB) writes:
- ## So, using the formula:
- ##
- ## Recoil = ((Powder Wgt + Bullet Wgt) x Powder Wgt) / (80 x Gun Wgt)
-
- #This seems to be neglecting the most important factor, velocity.
- #There are three important factor that contribute to recoil:
- #1) energy used to accelerate the bullet, 2) energy used to move
- #the powder and gasses down the bore, 3) energy from the
- #gasses leaving the bore after bullet exit.
-
- Actually, this should be momentum and not energy, and I think the second
- contribution is small.
-
- However, the above formula does account for velocity, indirectly: The
- powder weight and bullet velocity are related. A more complete derivation
- would be:
-
- P = momentum transfered = m(b)*v(b) + m(p)*v(p), where m() is the mass of,
- and v() the velocity of either the bullet (b) or the powder (p).
-
- v(b) = A*m(p),
- v(p) = B*m(p)
-
- (at least approximately, and for some value of A and B)
-
- P = m(p)*(A*m(b) + B*m(p))
-
- v(g) = free recoil velocity of gun = P/m(g)
- = m(p)*(A*m(b) + B*m(p))/m(g)
-
- Assuming that A = B (for no good reason...)
-
- v(g) = A*m(p)*(m(b)+m(p))/m(g)
-
- Which is the above formula. I'd personally consider free-recoil velocity
- a poor measure of felt recoil. A good measure, in my opinion, needs
- to include the duration of the recoil and the area over which the
- _shooter_ feels the recoil (e.g. the area of the hand/shoulder in
- good, firm contact with the gun.) The duration of the recoil would be
- proportional to the action's cycle time (for a semi-auto) or one
- over the free-recoil velocity (for other guns.) Using power density as a
- measure, this would give:
-
- E(g) = 0.5*m(g)*v(g)^2
- = 0.5*m(p)^2*(A*m(b) + B*m(p))^2/m(g)
-
- Power(g) = E(g)/t where t is the recoil duration
- = 0.5*m(p)^2*(A*m(b) + B*m(p))^2/(m(g)*T) for semi-autos
- = 0.5*m(p)^3*(A*m(b) + B*m(p))^3/(m(g)^2*C) for other guns
- and some C
-
- Pulling out as many constants as possible,
-
- Power density = (?) felt recoil
- = (K*m(p)*(m(b) + J*m(p)))^2/(2*m(g)*T*A) for semi-autos
- = (K*m(p)*(m(b) + J*m(p)))^3/(2*m(g)^2*A*C) for other guns
-
- K = v(b)/m(p)
- J = v(p)/v(b)
- T = cycle time of semi-auto
- A = (firm) contact area between shooter and gun
- C = some constant depending on material of grips/stock/recoil-pad/etc...
-
- Frank Crary
- CU Boulder
-
-