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- From: harelb@math.cornell.edu (misc.activism.progressive co-moderator)
- Subject: SYSTEM OF REPRESENTATION: Was Nicaragua More Democratic than the U.S.?
- Message-ID: <1992Nov17.105952.4113@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
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- Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 10:59:52 GMT
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- Lines: 108
-
- SYSTEM OF REPRESENTATION: Was Nicaragua More Democratic than the U.S.?
-
- "[In Nicaragua, 1984] the National Assembly seats were allocated
- according to proportional representation so that minority parties
- were assured of 35 of the 96 seats [..]"
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- "In contrast, the single-member-district electoral system used in
- the United States is much less representative and therefore less
- democratic. The party that polls a plurality of the vote, be it
- 40, 50 or 60 percent, wins 100 percent of a district's
- representation, while smaller parties, regardless of their vote,
- receive zero.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- "The winner-take-all system deprives third parties not only of
- representation but eventually of voters too, since not many
- citizens wish to "waste" their ballots on a party that seems
- incapable of establishing a legislative presence.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- [From:
- ========================================================
- I s N i c a r a g u a M o r e D e m o c r a t i c
- ========================================================
- T h a n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ?
- ========================================================
- By Michael Parenti (*)
-
- [From: Covert Action Information Bulletin, Number 26, Summer 1986]]
-
-
- ========================
- System of Representation
- ========================
-
- The FSLN won 64.9% of the vote, a victory that was only a few
- percentage points higher than the one enjoyed by Ronald Reagan in
- 1984. The two runner-up parties, both center-rightist, won 13% and 9%
- respectively. The National Assembly seats were allocated according to
- proportional representation so that minority parties were assured of
- 35 of the 96 seats (including six seats that under the electoral law
- are allotted to the losing presidential candidates of each party). All
- this was dismissed by Reagan as "an electoral farce without any
- meaningful political opposition."
-
- --> [See NICA-84 ELECTIION to fully appreciate the Orwellian ]
- [nature of this "assessment" of Reagan's ]
-
- In contrast, the single-member-district electoral system used in the
- United States is much less representative and therefore less
- democratic. The party that polls a plurality of the vote, be it 40, 50
- or 60 percent, wins 100 percent of a district's representation, while
- smaller parties, regardless of their vote, receive zero
- representation. Proportional representation provides a party with
- legislative seats roughly in accordance with the percentage of votes
- it wins, thus assuring minor parties of some parliamentary presence.
-
- But the single-member, winner-take-all system magnifies the strength
- of the major parties and leaves the minor parties with a percentage of
- seats (if any) that is far lower than its percentage of votes. The
- winner-take-all system deprives third parties not only of
- representation but eventually of voters too, since not many citizens
- wish to "waste" their ballots on a party that seems incapable of
- establishing a legislative presence.
-
- ===================
- M i n o r i t i e s
- ===================
-
- There are other criteria by which the American and Nicaraguan
- democracies might he compared. For instance, there is the treatment of
- minorities. Much is made of the Sandinistas' forced relocation of
- Miskito Indians during a time of serious border attack, a policy that
- quickly proved not only wrong but in some instances wrongful. Today
- Managua is now trying to undo its previous policy and resettle the
- Miskito on their lands, an approach that compares favorably with the
- U.S. treatment of Native American Indians, to say the least, and with
- the forced relocation of the Japanese into concentration camps during
- World War II, uprooting them from California communities, that --
- unlike Nicaragua -- were never threatened by enemy invasion. Nor did
- the U.S. government ever compensate the Japanese for the losses they
- sustained in the way of homes, businesses and farms
-
- [The U.S. did finally pass a law to compensate the Japanese ]
- [Americans who were interred and their descendants (1988; ]
- [article is '86); the distributions of the funds were still ]
- [under delay last I heard. During the debate in Congress on ]
- [that reparations bill, as seen on C-SPAN, the Republican ]
- [opponents, big supporters of the 300,000 million military ]
- [budget, spoke solemnly of their sympathy but the problem of]
- [lack of funds... ]
-
- --> [Use GET with the file FSLN MISKITOS for a documentation of ]
- ["Sandinista treatment of Miskitos; Charges and Reality" ]
-
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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- [LISTSERV@MIZZOU1.BITNET for a copy of this file. ]
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- [two words separated by a space), send the 1-line message: ]
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