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- Newsgroups: misc.activism.progressive
- Path: sparky!uunet!gumby!wupost!mont!pencil.cs.missouri.edu!rich
- From: tdboyce@cco.caltech.edu (Tom Boyce)
- Subject: Techno Apartheid for a Global Underclass
- Message-ID: <1992Nov16.205043.22366@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
- Followup-To: misc.activism.progressive
- Originator: rich@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Sender: news@mont.cs.missouri.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Organization: caltech
- Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 20:50:43 GMT
- Approved: map@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Lines: 129
-
- The following is an article which appeared in the 8/6/92 edition of the Los
- Angeles Times. Posted with permission.
-
- ===========================begin article=====================================
-
- Techno Apartheid for a Global Underclass
-
- Business: Transnational networks are already bypassing govemments to build
- a world that excludes most of humanity.
-
- By RICCARDO PETRELLA
-
- BRUSSELS-The new order taking shape in the world today is not the one
- imagined by obsolete statesmen of the Cold War era-that of nation-states
- weighing in on a new global balance of power. Rather, a high-tech
- archipelago of affluent, hyperdeveloped city-regions is evolving amid a sea
- of impoverished humanity. Transnational business firms, in their ceaseless
- pursuit of new customers, are creating these networks, which bypass the
- traditional nation-state framework.
-
- By placing science and technology solely in the service of the market
- objectives of these companies, fading nation-state governments are not only
- hastening their own demise; they are also accomplices in a global
- development strategy that excludes most of the world's population.
-
- If current trends continue, by the middle of the next century such
- nation-states as Germany, Italy, the United States or Japan will no longer
- be the most relevant socioeconomic entities and the ultimate political
- configuration. Instead, areas like Orange County, Calif.; Osaka, Japan; the
- Lyon region of France, or Germany's Ruhrgebiete will acquire predominant
- socioeconomic and political status. Already within Europe, a web of
- cooperative institutions has mushroomed among Barcelona, Lyon, Milan,
- Strasbourg and Stuttgart-all without passing through a hierarchy of
- national ministries.
-
- The real decision-making powers of the future, it thus appears, will be a
- network of transnational companies in alliance with city-regional
- governments. On a global scale this new order will resemble the flourishing
- 14th- and 15th-century European economy, governed by the Hanseatic cities
- and intercity alliances that hosted trading guilds and merchant networks.
-
- Today, to beat a business competitor, anv international firm must be
- present simultaneously in the largest, increasingly integrated, markets of
- America, Japan and Europe. These megacities include Tokyo, Toronto, New
- York, London, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston, Mexico City,
- Sao Paulo, Seoul, Taipei, Bangkok, Paris, Zurich, Vienna and Milan.
-
- The fading national governments or regional groups that support such a
- strategy do so to attain global technological and industrial supremacy-to
- become No.1- by capturing the allegiance of 800 million consumers within
- these rich regions.
-
- I call this approach "myopic utilitarian opportunism" because it excludes,
- save for the tiny fraction of elites in such cities as Sao Paulo, Mexico
- City and Hong Kong, any concern with development among the world's other 7
- billion people who will inhabit this planet by 2020. Even if 60 million to
- 80 million Indians, for example, were linked to the prosperous archipelago,
- 10 times as many Indians would still be excluded.
-
- Obviously, committing the vast majority of the world's population to a
- global underclass is not only unjust, but also unsustainable in a
- well-armed world that is ecologically interdependent and exposed to
- unstoppable waves of mass migration.
-
- Absent a strategy to use science and technology constructively in the
- global interest, the future, I fear, will be characterized by a prosperous
- network of transnational firms and capitals of innovation that will grow
- dynamically together in a closed club, leaving behind the great mass of
- humanity that can't qualify as customers.
-
- Imagine how such an order would redraw the world map: On one side we would
- see a dynamic, tightly linked archipelago of technopoles constituting less
- than oneeighth of the world's population; on the other would be a vast,
- disconnected and disintegrating wasteland that is home to seven out of
- every eight inhabitants of Earth.
-
- Every day, this disarticulated world- what Alvin Toffler refers to as the
- growing gap between the fast and slow worlds-is being formed before our
- eyes. Example: The EC budget for one research program (the Esprit
- microelectronics consortium) is 14 times the total EC aid to all of Latin
- America.
-
- When Europeans, Americans and Japanese talk about globalization, they sound
- as if the world beyond their borders didn't exist. And they increasingly
- tend to speak about each other in the terminology of "techno-nationalism,"
- urging their people to high-tech mastery to fight for survival as soldiers
- in an open technological war.
-
- Aware of the pernicious influence of the competitiveness metaphor and of
- the global apartheid-like consequences of the contest, I believe that
- Europe, the United States and Japan should give priority to placing science
- and technological development at the service of the entire population of
- the planet, not just the millions of consumers who can be sold some
- superfluous gadget.
-
- Obviously, competition between economic powers is not going to stop. It
- would be naive to expect such a thing. But its importance can be lessened
- and brought into greater balance with the logic of cooperation organized
- around projects that focus on reversing the disintegration of Africa, many
- Arab countries, much of Latin America or the Indian subcontinent, and
- linking them to the fast world.
-
- The first effort should be to meet basic food and health needs, and to hold
- back desertification by reclaiming lands for agriculture. Then the utmost
- effort must be made to dismantle technological apartheid by plugging the
- poor world into the telecommunications and transportation infrastructure
- that connects the rich regions.
-
- The G-7 nations have an enormous capacity to solve these problems. It is
- only a matter of using science and technology for a purpose other than
- serving the imperatives of market competition.
-
- Riccardo Petrella is the director of the Forecasting and Assessment of
- Science and Technology division of the European Community, responsible for
- providing a futurist perspective to leaders of the EC.
-
- ========================end article=================================
- The copywrite for "Techno-Apartheid for a Golbal Underclass" is owned by
- New Perspectives Quarterly, and they have given permission to redistribute
- this article. I hope others find it as thought provoking as we did.
-
- NPQ can be reached at
-
- 10951 W. Pico Blvd.
- 2nd Floor
- Los Angeles, California 90064
-
- Tel.: 310.474.0011
-
-