home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.physics.fusion
- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!destroyer!gumby!yale!yale.edu!news.yale.edu!YaleVM.YCC.Yale.Edu!MANN
- From: MANN@YaleVM.YCC.Yale.Edu
- Subject: Re: Revised Ying Thing info
- Message-ID: <1682BE37C.MANN@YaleVM.YCC.Yale.Edu>
- Sender: news@news.yale.edu (USENET News System)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: yalevm.ycc.yale.edu
- Organization: Yale University
- Date: Tue, 21 Jul 92 16:10:30 EDT
- Lines: 157
-
-
- On 01 July (#1688) I posted as Document #2 Dr. Ying's first
- issued statement out of the OSC. Last Saturday I received from
- his office a similar statement, but sufficiently different to
- deserve re-posting. At least this new statement has a dateline.
- Transcription follows:
-
- Dateline: July 6, 1992
-
- Title: COLD FUSION IN AN 'YING CELL' AND PROBABILITY ENHANCEMENT
- by BOSON STIMULATION
-
- Nelson Ying* & Charles W. Shults III~
-
- *Quantum Nucleonics Corporation, P.O.Box 22447, Lake Buena Vista,
- FL 32830 USA ~Orlando Science Center, Loch Haven Park, Orlando,
- Florida 32802 USA
-
- The dream of unlimited inexpensive energy is age old and so is the
- dream of controlling probabilities. They were realized when an unique
- theory of using incident stimulation bosons to enhance probability of
- certain decay channels is considered. Application of this theory to
- experiments produced successful Cold Fusion on demand. Rejuvination method for
- used cell is also found.
-
- Paneth and Peters (1) (2) observed hydrogen in glass producing
- a trace of helium. Franck (3) and Sakharov (4) postulated that fusion of
- deuterium and deuterium is doable if the electron is replaced by a muon.
- Alvarez (5) observed the above by introducing muons into a deuterium gas;
- although he concluded later that the process is too slow to produce
- meaningful energy. On March 23, 1989, Pons and Fleischman announced at a
- press conference and later published (6) that they have been able to
- obtain positive energy gain from cold fusion. Jones et al. (7) published
- in Nature on April 27, 1989, indicating that they have also discovered
- cold fusion, however with much less energy generation than Pons and
- Fleischman. Other institutions tried to duplicate the results and some
- like Texas A&M, Moscow University, and Kossuth University in Hungary had
- positive results while MIT et al. did not. Even those who did get
- positive results seemed to have difficulty repeating the success, while
- no one was able to obatin cold fusion on demand.
-
- In 1989, one of us (Ying), postulated that in as much as
- experimental results indicates that cold fusion exists albeit with very
- small probability of occuring, the fact that observable results are
- seen implies that there must be an enhancing mechanism. He theorized
- that instead of considering only that there is a small probability of
- deuterium-deuterium fusing into helium, but rather consider that in
- probability space, the channels such as Helium-4 + gamma(23.8Mev) actually
- exists, although for only a very short percentage of time. He further
- theorized that there exists mechanisms to grab this virtual short lived
- state out of probability space into normal space. The act of grabbing a
- virtual state out of probability space is an act of enhancing probability.
-
- Applying this methodology to cold fusion requires an experiment
- consisting of heavy water, inert anode and a cathode which attracts and holds
- hydrogen, such as Pt and Pd respectively, and battery, undergoing
- electrolysis. Then incident bosons would be aimed at the target in the
- experiment. In this case the Pd cathode is the target. When the incident
- bosons are SAME AS AT LEAST ONE TYPE OF HOPED FOR RESULTING BOSONS, THE
- INCIDENT BOSON STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF THIS RESULTING BOSON - OR PULLS
- IT OUT OF PROBABILITY SPACE. When this happens, not only do we obtain
- the resulting bosons which are identical to the incident bosons, but we
- also get everything else which is supposed to come out from this decay
- channel. Or in other words, when we shoot 23.8 MeV gamma into the Pd
- cathode, we should get helium-4 and more 23.8 MeV gamma out - and this
- is cold fusion. But it also means that when we shoot alpha particles
- (which are really helium-4 ions) into the target, we should also obtain
- 23.8 MeV gamma and more resulting helium-4 - and again this is cold
- fusion. He notes, however, cold fusion is only one example of his
- general theory of using incident stimulation bosons to enhance probability.
-
- In December 1991, we (Ying and Shults) teamed together and one
- hundred and two experiments later, we finally have several successful
- experiments, under several different experimental geometries, to be sure that
- we have obtained cold fusion which we can initiate on demand. We were also
- able to rejuvenate used cells (cells showing fatigue and no longer able to
- produce energy) by a reverse voltage purge so that they can once more produce
- energy.
-
- We used alpha and gamma rays as incident stimulation bosons. Our
- experimental results indicates that we have an electrolysis input of less than
- 750 microwatt with new deuterium oxide and 15 milliwatts with six months
- old deuterium oxide; with an output of approximately 0.33 to 0.50 watts
- (calculated from considering only between 2 to 8 degrees centigrade increase
- in 10 grams of deuterium oxide and without even considerating that the
- surrounding equipments' temperature are also increasing from 2 to 8 degrees
- centigrade). This gives a power increase of at least two to four orders of
- magnitude.
-
- Rejuvination runs were performed for periods of between 10 to 30
- seconds for different geometries at 600 microamp (old deuterium oxide) and 15
- VDC or 9 milliwatts. Since rejuvination power is several orders of magnitude
- smaller than the above output, this implies that the rejuvination is not a
- 'charging' process and that the above temperature increases are not due to
- only reversable chemical processes.
-
- Control cell using Pt and Pd in distilled water were stimulated with
- alpha and gamma, and experimented upon as above with no resulting temperature
- increase. This further implies that the temperature increase in the
- successful experiments are not due to chemical processes.
-
- From successfully obtaining cold fusion on demand, we have an
- experimental proof of Ying's general theory of 'using incident stimulation
- bosons to grab decay channels out of probability space into normal space, and
- thus enhancing probability'.
-
- References:
-
- 1. Paneth, F. and Peter, K. Nature 118, 526 (1926)
- 2. Paneth, F. Nature 119, 706-707 (1927)
- 3. Franck, F.C. Nature 160, 525 (1947)
- 4. Sakharov, A.D. Report of the P.N. Lebedev Inst., Moscow (1948)
- 5. Alvarez, L.W. et al. Phys. Rev. 105, 1127 (1957)
- 6. Fleischman, M. and Pons, S. J. Electroanalyt. Chem. 261, 301-308 (1989)
- 7. Jones, S.E. et al. Nature 338, 737-740 (1989).
-
- -----END OF TRANSCRIPTION--------------------------------------------------
-
- Along with the paper I received some xerographic reproductions of some
- photos from a 6/26/92 TV news item showing a demo of the Ying Cell (Channel 6
- in Orlando). One of these shows a monitor screen readout of temperature, and
- atop the grid is the caption "Cell #6 - alpha and gamma in tandem in old
- Faraday cage. Base voltage 2.163.... Range is 5.64......" Caption to the
- photo reads: "Run #102. Cell #6 with Alpha and Gamma source in tandem. The Y
- axis is temperature showing 1/2 degree per box (increment). Here we have over
- 12 degrees increase. The X-axis is time with 275 second per box (almost 5
- minutes per box). Here it shows the temperature increase of over 12 degrees
- occuring over an one hour period. The four lines (curves) are of four
- separate thermocouples placed in different locations close to the 'Ying'
- cell." Three of the curves are bunched together in typical "breadloaf"
- x-section...almost quarter-circle arcs. Impressive.
-
- Dr. Ying mentions nothing in his 'paper' about using a Faraday cage but
- when I spoke with him just before he left on a two-week vacation trip
- he cautioned against trying to replicate the work without using a Faraday cage
- to enclose the experiment.
-
- If this stuff ever makes it to a popular journal, I hope the editor
- captions the story, "Ying and Shults use bosons to put new spin on cold
- fusion."
-
- The reference to "old" D2O and "new" D2O is, I infer, the
- old-bottle-on-the-shelf problem....who knows if it was properly handled? So
- you grab a new sealed bottle, and you call that the "new" stuff.
-
- Most experimenters, it seems to me, would be reluctant to tinker with an
- experiment that might not easily be replicaple, but once you've crossed into
- magic land and even claim replicability on demand, then there's room to play.
- How much more convincing all this would be if they had dribbled in some plain
- H2O once they had plateaued their temperature rise.
-
- Dr. Ying mentioned a fourth experimenter who had been given the "secrets"
- of the Ying Cell. I've been watching the weather map for signs of very
- turbulent weather in the southwest, but nothing yet.
-
- Ed Manning
-
-