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- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!swrinde!mips!mips!smsc.sony.com!markc
- From: markc@smsc.sony.com (Mark Corscadden)
- Newsgroups: sci.physics
- Subject: Re: Converting the masses
- Message-ID: <1992Jul28.004259.9052@smsc.sony.com>
- Date: 28 Jul 92 00:42:59 GMT
- References: <131163@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV> <1992Jul25.194550.1970@smsc.sony.com> <131516@lll-winken.LLNL.GOV>
- Organization: Sony Microsystems Corp, San Jose, CA
- Lines: 98
-
- Matt McIrvin and Matthew Austern both pointed out the well known
- (except to some laypeople like me) fact that the ratio of force to
- acceleration does not produce a usable concept of relativistic mass.
- From Matt McIrvin: if you're going to mess with relativistic mass
- (I'm paraphrasing here!) use F = dp/dt and p = mv; don't use F = ma.
- Defining relativistic mass won't be an issue in what follows, though.
-
- The original thread has always been about the problems associated
- with using the notion of relativistic mass. The general recommendation
- was that relativistic mass is an idea who's time has come and gone and
- that you should use the word "mass" to mean "rest mass" or the intrinsic
- mass of a particle or a system.
-
- Here's a brief description of part of what I thought people were saying.
- I still think this is the position that's being held by "rest mass only"
- people like David Knapp, but since it's *their* position only they can
- say whether or not I am expressing it correctly:
-
- Let's say that a cannon ball with a rest mass of
- 1 kg is moving past you at 0.99 lightspeed. Then
- people who want to talk about the cannon ball's
- "relativistic mass" would say that its mass is
- 10 kg in your reference frame. This is a bad idea!
- Don't use this concept of mass and don't use the
- word "mass" this way.
-
- We say that the mass of the cannon ball is 1 kg,
- period. The mass of a cannon ball is an intrinsic
- property which doesn't depend upon your frame of
- reference. If it is moving at 0.99 lightspeed in
- your reference frame, then we say that you have a
- 1 kg cannon ball which happens to possess a very
- large amount of kinetic energy in your frame of
- reference. This kinetic energy is not mass, its
- energy! The word "energy" is perfectly fine, we
- don't need to change the word "mass" to mean the
- same thing as "energy".
-
- The amount of kinetic energy possessed by the cannon
- ball is dependent on the frame of reference you are
- using. The exact same cannon ball may be stationary
- in a different reference frame, and in that frame
- its kinetic energy would be zero. However its mass
- in all reference frames is the same: 1 kg.
-
- That's how I took the comments being made. I hope that's an accurate
- representation of the position.
-
- Anyway at first I took this farther and felt that what was being said was
- that kinetic energy is *never* to be called mass, period. With that in mind
- I didn't think that this notion of "mass is rest mass, period" could be used
- in practice when talking about a composite system who's parts were in
- relative motion. After reading the replies I think I was wrong. I think
- that you *can* give a clear unambiguous meaning to the concept of the one
- and only intrinsic rest mass of a given system, based upon nothing more
- than identifying the objects which comprise the system. However I'm still
- puzzled because (as far as I can tell) it requires you, among other things,
- to treat the kinetic energy of the parts of the system, measured relative
- to the system as a whole, as mass. I'm puzzled because at first I though
- that treating kinetic energy as mass was not kosher, period.
-
- Here are two questions. I'll apply the notion of mass, as in rest mass
- or intrinsic mass, below in a simple situation.
-
- question 1: Am I using the word "mass" correctly according to the
- folks like David Knapp who want to get away from the notion of
- "relativistic mass"?
-
- question 2: Are physicists in general who use "mass" to mean "rest mass"
- or "intrinsic mass" really all in agreement as to how the concept works?
- Specifically, would the vast majority of such physicists reach the same
- answers that I reach below?
-
- Since both questions refer to people, only those people can give the
- definitive answers. Here's the situation:
-
- You have two cannon balls (again). Each has a mass
- (always read "rest mass" or "intrinsic mass" here) of
- 1 kg. They are separated by one million kilometers,
- so for all practical purposes they are independent
- of each other.
-
- They are moving directly away from each other at 0.995
- lightspeed. Then the mass of this system, consisting of
- the two cannon balls together, is 20 kg. It is not 2 kg.
-
- On the other hand, if the center of mass of this pair of
- cannon balls is moving at 0.9999 lightspeed in your frame
- of reference, then their mass is still 20 kg. Their mass
- is an intrinsic property of the system and does not depend
- in any way upon how the two-cannon ball system is moving
- with respect to you.
-
- Is that right?
-
- Mark Corscadden
- markc@smsc.sony.com
- work: (408)944-4086
-