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- From: paul@music.sie.arizona.edu (Paul J. Sanchez)
- Newsgroups: sci.math.stat
- Subject: Re: random number generator
- Message-ID: <1992Jul27.201230.984@organpipe.uug.arizona.edu>
- Date: 27 Jul 92 20:12:30 GMT
- References: <1992Jul27.132508.217@ginger.hnrc.tufts.edu>
- Sender: news@organpipe.uug.arizona.edu
- Organization: University of Arizona UNIX Users Group
- Lines: 41
-
- Jerry Dallal writes
- > In article <1992Jul27.124120.29511@cl.cam.ac.uk>, nmm@cl.cam.ac.uk (Nick
- Maclaren) writes:
- > > In article <1992Jul27.103659.11820@kth.se>, md87-mpe@hemul.nada.kth.se
- > > (Magnus Pettersson) writes:
- > >
- > > |> 3. G.E.P.Box and M.E.Mueller
- > > |> A Note on the Generation of Random Normal Deviates
- > > |> Ann.Math.Stat. (1958) 29, 610-611
- > >
- > > Don't use this method in single precision [...]
- > >
- >
- > Wait! . . . Stop! . . . Hold on a moment! . . .
- >
- > There is nothing wrong with the Box-Muller method. It is
- > theoretically sound [...]
-
- Theory works beautifully when all of the assumptions hold. One of the
- assumptions for the Box-Muller method is that you have i.i.d. uniform
- variables on the input side. This happens to be false in most computing
- contexts -- most people use a sequence of pseudo-random numbers which are
- uncorrelated but hardly independent.
-
- The most common source of pseudo-random numbers is the Linear Congruential
- Generator algorithm, or LCG for short. A result by Marsaglia states that
- k-tuples from a LCG all fall on a bounded number of hyperplanes. As a
- result, there is an interaction with the Box-Muller algorithm which causes
- all of the values produced to fall along a spiral. For some very pretty
- pictures, check out the book "Stochastic Simulation" by Brian D. Ripley
- ('87, J. Wiley & Sons). Pages 55-58 should do a good job of convincing
- you that the results are definitely not independent normals.
-
- There are a couple of morals to this story:
- a) If you want to use Box-Muller, use something other than a LCG; and
- b) Just because an algorithm is theoretically sound, don't assume you'll
- get usable results.
-
- --paul
- paul@music.sie.arizona.edu
- (NeXT mail welcome!)
-