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- Newsgroups: misc.activism.progressive
- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!wupost!mont!pencil.cs.missouri.edu!daemon
- From: harelb@math.cornell.edu (Harel Barzilai)
- Subject: RE: HISTORY LESSON: Footnote: Who is Gramajo?
- Message-ID: <1992Jul24.070229.17478@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
- Followup-To: alt.activism.d
- Originator: daemon@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Sender: news@mont.cs.missouri.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Organization: ?
- Date: Fri, 24 Jul 1992 07:02:29 GMT
- Approved: map@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Lines: 81
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- Subject: RE: HISTORY LESSON: Footnote: Who is Gramajo?
- ##################################################################
- From "Chomsky on Cuba":
-
- "It is not Castro's crimes that disturb the rulers of the
- hemisphere [Washington], who cheerfully support the Suhartos
- and Saddam Husseins and Gramajos, however grotesque their
- crimes, as long as they perform their service role. Rather,
- it is the elements of
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- "The Cuban record demonstrates clearly, once again, that the
- Cold War framework was scarcely more than a pretext to conceal
- the standard US refusal to tolerate Third World independence,
- whatever its political coloration.
-
-
- Background on one of Washington's dearest beloved:
-
-
- One of the grandest of the Guatemalan killers, General He'ctor
- Gramajo, was rewarded for his contributions to genocide in the
- highlands with a Mason Fellowship to Harvard's John F. Kennedy
- School of Government -- not unreasonably, given Kennedy's
- decisive contributions to the vocation of counterinsurgency (the
- technical term for international terrorism conducted by the
- powerful). Cambridge dons will be relieved to learn that Harvard
- is no longer a dangerous center of subversion.
-
- While earning his degree at Harvard, Gramajo gave an interview to
- the _Harvard International Review_ in which he offered a more
- nuanced view of his own role. He said that he was personally in
- charge of the commission that drafted the "70%-30% civil affairs
- program, used by the Guatemalan government during the 1980s to
- control people or organizations who disagreed with the
- government" (_Central America Report_ (_CAR_), Guatemala
- City). He outlined with some pride the doctrinal innovations he
- had introduced: "We have created a more humanitarian, less costly
- strategy, to be more compatible with the democratic system. We
- instituted civil affairs [in 1982] which provides development for
- 70% of the population, while we kill 30%. Before, the strategy
- was to kill 100%." This is a "more sophisticated means" than the
- previous crude assumption that you must "kill everyone to
- complete the job" of controlling dissent.
-
- It is unfair, then, for journalist Alan Nairn, who exposed the US
- origins of the Central American death squads, to describe Gramajo
- as "one of the most significant mass-murderers in the Western
- Hemisphere," as Gramajo was sued by the Center for Constitutional
- Rights in New York for damages for murders, disappearances,
- torture, and forced exile of Guatemalan citizens. We can also
- understand now why former CIA director William Colby sent Gramajo
- a copy of his memoirs with the inscription: "To a colleague in
- the effort to find a strategy of counterinsurgency with decency
- and democracy," Kennedy-style. We can be assured that Gramajo,
- like Colby, correctly understands what is "compatible with the
- democratic system," as envisioned by the masters.
-
- Given his understanding of humanitarianism, decency, and
- democracy, it is not surprising that Gramajo appears to be the
- State Department's choice for the 1995 elections, _CAR_
- reports, citing Americas Watch on the Harvard fellowship as "the
- State Department's way of grooming Gramajo" for the job, and
- quoting a US Senate staffer who says: "He's definitely their boy
- down there." The _Washington Post_ reports that many Guatemalan
- politicians expect Gramajo to win the elections, not an unlikely
- prospect if he's the State Department's boy down there.
- Gramajo's image is also being prettified. He offered the
- _Post_ a sanitized version of his interview on the 70%-30%
- program: "The effort of the government was to be 70% in
- development and 30% in the war effort. I was not referring to
- the people, just the effort." Too bad he expressed himself so
- badly -- or better, so honestly -- before the Harvard grooming
- had taken effect. <<<fn: _CAR_, Nov. 22; _Economist_ (London),
- July 20, 1991; Shelley Emling, _WP_, Jan. 6, 1992. Gramajo
- refused to respond to the Court charges and was found guilty by
- default of massive human rights violations; the plaintiffs were
- awarded more than $10 million in damages.>>>
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