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                 STANDARD GENERALIZED MARKUP LANGUAGE
                         ISO 8879:1986 (SGML)
             ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND LIST OF RESOURCES

                             Version 2.0
                Revised January 1992, (c) Robin Cover

CONTENTS:

1.  Introductory and General SGML Bibliography
2.  SGML Manuals: Commentary and Indices for ISO 8879
3.  SGML Applications and Implementations
4.  ISO Standards Publications Germane to SGML
5.  Serial Publications Dedicated to SGML
6.  SGML Supporting Organizations and SIGs
7.  SGML Electronic Discussion Forums and Online Support Centers
8.  Entry-level SGML Parsers and Related SGML Software
9.  Further Bibliography and Resource Guides for SGML
10. Postscript

====================================================
<S1>    INTRODUCTORY AND GENERAL SGML BIBLIOGRAPHY
====================================================

Bibliographic items <6>, <10>, <13>, <24>, <29>, <39> and <42> in this
section are marked with an asterisk ("*") to indicate their relative
importance and as primary introductions to SGML.  Other titles in
section 1 represent general studies, but likewise may be reckoned as
essential reading.

<1>   Adler, Sharon C.  "DSSSL- Document Style Semantics and
      Specification Language. <TAG> 1/8 (January 1989) 8-9.  An
      overview of the standard by the editor of DSSSL.  For brief
      description of the goals of DSSSL, see the entry below on this
      Draft International Standard (ISO/IEC DIS 10179), <69>.

<2>   Amsler, Robert A.; Tompa, Frank W.  "An SGML-Based Standard for
      English Monolingual Dictionaries."  In Fourth Annual Conference
      of the UW Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary:
      Information in Text. Proceedings of the Conference.  Conference
      held in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 26-28 October 1988.  Pages
      61-79.  Waterloo, Ontario: University of Waterloo, 1988.  The
      'Dictionary Encoding Initiative' referenced is loosely
      affiliated with the international Text Encoding Initiative; both
      projects seek to epploy SGML.  For SGML used in dictionary
      markup, see also <41> below.  Several of the Waterloo Annual
      Conference volumes contain articles germane to descriptively-
      tagged and SGML-tagged text.  For further details on the
      Waterloo Centre, see <19> below.

<3>   Ballanti, Anna; Cork, Deborah; Dam, Lex van; Jonghe, Jurgen de;
      Herwijnen, Eric van; Nijdam, Marco; Samarin, Alexandre; Shave,
      Tony.  "Text Processing at CERN.  Part 1: Overview."  SGML
      Users' Group Bulletin 3/2 (1988) 39-54.

<4>   Barnard, David T.; Fraser, Cheryl A.; Logan, George M.
      "Generalized Markup for Literary Texts."  Literary and
      Linguistic Computing 3/1 (1988) 26-31.   Abstract: Encoding
      literary texts for analysis, electronic transmission, or
      publication requires the marking of various substantive,
      structural and formal features.  The development of a standard
      comprehensive markup language for these purposes is a
      desideratum.  This paper offers a set of requirements for such a
      language, reviews related work, and describes a newly-created
      standard based on the Standard Generalized Markup Language.

<5>   Barnard, David T.; Hayter, Ron; Karababa, Maria; Logan, George
      M.; McFadden, John.  "SGML Based Markup for Literary Texts: Two
      Problems and Some Solutions."  Computers and the Humanities 22/4
      (1988) 265-276.  ISSN: 0010-4817.  (Revision of Technical Report
      204, Queen's University Department of Computing and Information
      Science, 1988, ISSN 0836-0227).   Abstract: There is wide
      agreement on the need for a markup standard for encoding
      literary texts.  The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
      seems to provide the best basis for such a standard. But two
      problems inhibit the acceptance of SGML for this purpose. (1)
      Computer-assisted textual studies often require the maintenance
      of multiple views of a document's structure but SGML is not
      designed to accommodate such views.  (2) An SGML-based standard
      would appear to entail the keyboarding of more markup than
      researchers are accustomed to, or are likely to accept. We
      discuss five ways of reducing the burden of markup.  We conclude
      that the problem of maintaining multiple views can be
      surmounted, though with some difficulty, and that the markup
      required for an SGML-based standard can be reduced to a level
      comparable to that of other markup schemes currently in use.

<6>   *Barron, David.  "Why Use SGML?"  Electronic Publishing:
      Origination, Dissemination and Design (EPOdd) 2/1 (April 1989)
      3-24. CODEN: EPODEU; ISSN 0894-3982.   Abstract: The Standard
      Generalised Markup Language (SGML) is a recently-adopted
      International Standard (ISO 8879).  The paper presents some
      background material on markup systems, gives a brief account of
      SGML, and attempts to clarify the precise nature and purpose of
      SGML, which are widely misunderstood.  It then goes on to
      explore the reasons why SGML should (or should not) be used in
      preference to older-established systems.  A summary of the
      article is also printed in "Why Use SGML," SGML Users' Group
      Newsletter 13 (August 1989) 10.

<7>   Bryan, Martin.  "Creating Informative Document Models."  SGML
      Users' Group Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 12-17.

<8>   Burnard, Lou.  "What is SGML and How Does it Help?"  Pp. 65-79
      in Modelling Historical Data: Towards a Standard for Encoding
      and Exchanging Machine-Readable Texts, 1991.   See volume
      information sub the editor, Daniel Greenstein, <21> below.  A
      revised copy of the article in tagged electronic format is
      available from the TEI-L LISTSERVer (listserv@uicvm on BITNET)
      as EDW25 LDOC, October 1, 1991.

<9>   Chamberlin, Donald Dean; Goldfarb, Charles F.  "Graphic
      Applications of the Standard Generalized Markup Language
      (SGML)." Computers and Graphics 11/4 (1987) 343-358.  ISSN:
      0097-8493.   Abstract: The Standard Generalized Markup Language
      (SGML) is a language for representing document structure. This
      paper discusses ways in which the SGML language might be used to
      represent graphic as well as textual contents of a document. By
      using SGML markup for both graphics and text, a document
      processing application can achieve a more uniform treatment and
      tighter coupling between these two types of materials.

<10>  *Coombs, James; Renear, Allen; DeRose, Steven J. "Markup Systems
      and the Future of Scholarly Text Processing." CACM 30/11 (1987)
      933-947. ISSN: 0001-0782.  Cf. CACM 31/7 (July 1988) 810-811.
      Abstract: The authors argue that many word processing systems
      distract authors from their tasks of research and composition,
      toward concern with typographic and other tasks.  Emphasis on
      "WYSIWYG", while helpful for display, has ignored a more
      fundamental concern: representing document structure.  Four main
      types of markup are analyzed: Punctuational (spaces,
      punctuation,...), presentational (layout, font choice,...),
      procedural (formatting commands), and descriptive (mnemonic
      labels for document elements).  Only some ancient manuscripts
      have no markup.  Any form of markup can be formatted for
      display, but descriptive markup is privileged because it
      reflects the underlying structure.  ISO SGML is a descriptive
      markup standard, but most benefits are available even before a
      standard is widely accepted.  A descriptively marked-up document
      is not tied to formatting or printing capabilities.  It is
      maintainable, for the typographic realization of any type of
      element can be changed in a single operation, with guaranteed
      consistency.  It can be understood even with <emph>no</> markup
      formatting software: compare "<blockquote>" to ".sk 3 a; .in +10
      -10; .ls 0; .cp 2".  It is relatively portable across views,
      applications and systems.  Descriptive markup also minimizes
      cognitive demands: the author need only recall (or recognize in
      a menu) a mnemonic for the desired element, rather than also
      deciding how it is currently to appear, and recalling how to
      obtain that appearance.  Most of this extra work is thrown away
      before final copy; descriptive markup allows authors to focus on
      authorship. (abstract supplied by Steve DeRose)

<11>  Cover, Robin; Duncan, Nicholas; Barnard, David.  "The Progress
      of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language): Extracts from a
      Comprehensive Bibliography."  Literary and Linguistic Computing
      6/3 (1991) 200-212. ISSN: 0268-1145.   The article includes
      introductory essay sections delineating the fundamental
      conceptions of SGML, its broad application, and the advantages
      it brings to academia, industry and government sectors. For a
      description of the complete bibliographic database itself, see
      further under section 9, item <133> below.

<12>  Cruz, Gil C.; Judd, Thomas J.  "The Role of a Descriptive Markup
      Language in the Creation of Interactive Multimedia Documents for
      Customized Electronic Delivery.  In Electronic Publishing '90:
      Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic
      Publishing, Document Manipulation and Typography (Gaithersburg,
      Maryland, September 1990).  Pages 249-262.  The Cambridge Series
      on Electronic Publishing.  Cambridge: Cambridge University
      Press, 1990.

<13>  *DeRose, Steven J.; Durand, David G.; Mylonas, Elli; Renear,
      Allen H.  "What is Text, Really?"  Journal of Computing in
      Higher Education 1/2 (Winter 1990) 3-26.  ISSN: 1042-1726.
      Abstract:  "The way in which text is represented on a computer
      affects the kinds of uses to which it can be put by its creator
      and by subsequent users.  The electronic document model
      currently in use is impoverished and restrictive.  The authors
      agree that text is best represented as an ordered hierarchy of
      content object[s] (OHCO), because that is what text really is.
      This model conforms with emerging standards such as SGML and
      contains within it advantages for the writer, publisher, and
      researcher.  The authors then describe how the hierarchical
      model can allow future use and reuse of the document as a
      database, hypertext or network."

<14>  Ellison, Paul A.  "SGML and Related Information Standards."  Pp.
      17-28 (1-12) in Document Exchange: The Use of SGML in the UK
      Academic and Research Community.  Workshop Proceedings 5-7 March
      1990 (see <28>below).   Abstract: "This paper explains the
      position of four ISO 'standards' (only one agreed standard, one
      draft standard and two draft proposals) in the area of text and
      office information processing.  Those standards are SGML
      (Standard Generalized Markup Language), the 'Fonts' standard
      (Font Architecture and Interchange Format), DSSSL (Document
      Style Semantics and Specification Language), and SPDL (Standard
      Page Description Language). . . In addition, the paper relates
      these standards to ODA (Office Document Architecture) and places
      SGML and ODA in their own contexts."

<15>  Fahmy, Eanass; Barnard, David T.  "Adding Hypertext Links to an
      Archive of Documents."  Canadian Journal of Information Science
      15/3 (September 1990) 26-41.   Abstract: Texts are characterized
      by various types of linkages, within themselves and with other
      documents, which may be either explicit or implicit.  When texts
      are available in machine-readable form, the ability to trace
      linkages should become much easier, and more complex tracing of
      linkages should be possible.  Hypertext is an electronic
      document paradigm whose distinguishing feature is machine
      support for the building and tracing of intra- and inter-
      document links; a document is viewed as a collection of nodes
      connected by directed links.  A limitation of many hypertext
      systems is that all links must be created explicitly by the
      user. This is impractical in many situations, and it is
      unnecessary if the link structure is inherent in the  documents
      themselves.  The work described in our paper is motivated by the
      perceived need to extend the hypertext paradigm so that links
      can be derived from a collection of documents.  We explore how a
      rich set of links connecting documents in a text archive can be
      programmatically generated, and present a set of link types that
      are useful, specifiable and computable.  The documents in the
      archive are encoded using the Standard Generalized Markup
      Language, which views a document as a hierarchical organization
      of document elements.  The archive, therefore, consists of a
      forest of document trees.

<16>  Gaspart, Jean-Pierre.  "Use of the SGML Parser at the Office for
      Official Publications of the European Communities (OPOCE)."
      SGML Users' Group Bulletin 2/1 (1987) 29-36.

<17>  Gennusa, Pamela L.  "Advantages of an SGML Implementation for
      Management of an Electronic Text Database."  SGML Users' Group
      Bulletin 2/2 (1987) 73-86.

<18>  Goldfarb, Charles F. "A Generalized Approach to Document
      Markup." Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN SIGOA Symposium on Text
      Manipulation.  = SIGPLAN Notices 16/6 (1981) 68-73.  Conference
      proceedings containing this paper also available as SIGOA
      Newsletter 2/1-2 (Spring/Summer 1981).

<19>  Gonnet, Gaston.  "Examples of PAT Applied to the Oxford English
      Dictionary."  Technical Report OED-87-02. University of Waterloo
      Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary.  July, 1987.   PAT
      and associated text processing tools are built around
      descriptively-marked text, even if not specifically SGML text.
      Compare also "PAT, GOEDEL, LECTOR and More: Text-dominated
      Database Software, " pp. 83-84 in: Tools for Humanists, 1989. A
      Guidebook to the Software and Hardware Fair Held in Conjunction
      with the Dynamic Text 6-9 June 1989 Toronto.  Toronto, Ontario:
      Centre for Computing in the Humanities, 1989.  The article
      describes several software tools developed at the Waterloo
      Centre, including TRUC (an editor for SGML or SGML-style tagged
      text).  TRUC supports multiple views of a tagged document, based
      upon use of style-sheets.

      The University of Waterloo has pioneered several important
      research efforts in the study of machine-readable lexical
      databases, machine transduction and generation of descriptively
      marked-up electronic texts (SGML-style markup).  The Centre has
      also developed software to search, interactively display and
      format text structured with descriptive markup.   These tools
      were developed for the New Oxford English Dictionary Project
      with the long range goal of application to other texts.  A
      Newsletter is issued by the Centre describing ongoing research,
      publications, software enhancements, work of visiting scholars,
      conferences and other events.  Persons interested in the
      Centre's research and publications may write for a current
      document list (e.g., especially the several publications and
      technical reports by Darrell R. Raymond, Donna L. Berg, Gaston
      H. Gonnet, Timothy J. Benbow, Heather J. Fawcett, Rick Kazman,
      Frank Wm. Tompa, George V. J. Townsend.  See <20>, <33> and <41>
      in this bibliography.  Address: Electronic Text Research; Centre
      for the New Oxford English Dictionary; Davis Centre; University
      of Waterloo; Waterloo, Ontario; Canada N2L 3G1 TEL: [phone]-
      1211 extension 6183; Email (Internet):[e-mail].

<20>  Gonnet, Gaston; Tompa, Frank W.  "Mind Your Grammar: A New
      Approach to Modelling Text."  Technical Report OED-87-01.
      University of Waterloo Centre for the New Oxford English
      Dictionary.  February, 1987.  Abstract: Beginning to create the
      New Oxford English Dictionary database has resulted in the
      realization that databases for reference texts are unlike those
      for conventional enterprises.  While the traditional approaches
      to database design and development are sound, the particular
      techniques used for commercial databases have been repeatedly
      found to be inappropriate for text-dominated databases, such as
      the New OED.

      In the same way that the relational model was developed based on
      experiences gained from earlier database approaches, the
      grammar-based model presented here builds on the traditional
      foundations of computer science, and particularly database
      theory and practice.  This new model uses grammars as schemas
      and "parsed strings" as instances.  Operators on the parsed
      strings are defined, resulting in a "p-string algebra" that can
      be used for manipulation and view definition.

      The model is representation-independent and the operators are
      non-navigational, so that efficient implementations may be
      developed for unknown future hardware and operating systems.
      Several approaches to storage structures and efficient
      processing algorithms for representative hardware configurations
      have been investigated.

<21>  Greenstein, Daniel I. (editor).  Modelling Historical Data:
      Towards a Standard for Encoding and Exchanging Machine-Readable
      Texts.  Halbgraue Reihe zur Historischen Fachinformatik, Serie
      A, Historische Quellenkunden (edited by Manfred Thaller).  Band
      11.   Published for the Max-Planck-Institut für Geschiche,
      by Scripta Mercaturae Verlag (St. Katharinen), 1991.  iv + 223
      pages.  ISBN: 3-928134-45-0.  A collection of fourteen essays on
      various aspects of conceptual modelling and development of
      standardized encoding methods for representing knowledge in
      historical texts.  The contributions are by Manfred Thaller, Lou
      Burnard, Daniel I. Greenstein, Hannes D. Galter, Ingo H.
      Kropač, Donald A. Spaeth, Hans Jørgen Marker,
      Thomas Werner, Jan Oldervoll, and Kevin Schurer.  The essays
      reflect interaction with and critique of encoding methods which
      emerged from the TEI phase I efforts as documented in TEI-P1;
      see <52> below.

<22>  Guittet, Christian.  "Appendix -- Introduction to SGML.  Extract
      from FORMEX.  Published by the EEC Office of Official
      Publications."  SGML Users' Group Bulletin 1/1 (1986) 26-57.

<23>  Heath, Jim; Welsch, Larry.  "Difficulties in Parsing SGML."  In
      Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Document Processing
      Systems, Santa Fe (5-9 December 1988).  Pages 71-77.  New York:
      Association for Computing Machinery, 1988.  See similarly, by
      the same authors, "Difficulties in Parsing: Suggestions to
      Improve SGML," <TAG> 10 (July 1989) 8-10.

<24>  *Joloboff, Vania.  "Document Representation: Concepts and
      Standards."  In Structured Documents.  Edited by Jacques
      André, Richard Furuta, and Vincent Quint.  Cambridge
      Series on Electronic Publishing.  Pages 75-105.  Cambridge:
      Cambridge University Press, 1989.  This article examines the
      problem of document representation in computer systems for
      printing, editing or interchange among heterogeneous systems.
      After a discussion of the various possibilities for defining
      documentation representation formalisms, it considers a number
      of standard representations typical of their class: page
      description languages, SGML, Interscript, ODA.  Several other
      articles in the volume are of direct or marginal relevance to
      SGML as a metalanguage for document-structuring.

<25>  Macleod, Ian A.  "Storage and Retrieval of Structured
      Documents."  Information Processing and Management 26/2 (1990)
      197-208.   Abstract: There have been a number of important
      related activities which suggest the need for a new model for
      text.  ISO standards for document description have been recently
      developed.  These standards view documents as hierarchical
      objects and it is likely that languages such as SGML will become
      widely used in the near future for document markup.  As
      structured documents become available, so there will be a need
      to evolve tools to take advantage of structural knowledge.  The
      goal of the work described here is to develop such tools.  A
      conceptual model for bibliographic data has been designed.  The
      model is known as Maestro (Management Environment for Structured
      Text Retrieval and Organization).  It supports structured
      documents and provides a query language to retrieve and link
      information contained in these structures.  In this paper an
      overview of Maestro is presented together with an outline of the
      basic implementation.

<26>  Mamrak, Sandra A.; Kaelbling, Michael J.; Nicholas, C.K.; Share,
      M. "Chameleon: A System for Solving the Data-Translation
      Problem."  IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 15/9
      (September 1989) 1090-1108. ISSN: 0098-5589.   Abstract:  "There
      is a need for widespread exchange of electronic documents in
      domains as diverse as book publishing, automated offices,
      factories, and research laboratories.  The variety of data
      representations, and the subsequent need for data translation,
      is a major obstacle to this exchange.  This paper describes a
      comprehensive data translation system with the following
      characteristics: 1) it is derived from a formal model of the
      translation task; 2) it supports the building of translation
      tools; 3) it supports the use of translation tools; and 4) it is
      accessible to its targeted end-users.  A software architecture
      to achieve the translation capability is fully implemented.
      Translators have been generated using the architecture, both by
      the original software developers and by industrial associates
      who have installed the architecture at their own sites."

      Further note: A subset of the OSU Chameleon Project's more
      recent SGML translation tools is to be made freely available to
      the academic community in 1992.  See <44> and "Free Data
      Translation Software," EPSIG News 4/3 (September 1991) 8-9; cf.
      "Integrated Chameleon Architecture Plans for 91-92 Year," SGML
      Users' Group Newsletter 19 (April 1991) 12-13.

<27>  Moline, Judi; Benigni, Dan; Baronas, Jean (eds).  Proceedings of
      the Hypertext Standardization Workshop [January 16-18, 1990
      National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
      MD].  NIST Sepcial Publication 500-178, March, 1990.  CODEN:
      NSPUE2.  Several papers in this proceedings volume reference
      SGML, HyTime and SMDL as potentially valuable in creating
      hypertext/hypermedia standards.  Reports from the workshop's
      Data Interchange Group and User Requirements Discussion Groups
      likewise identified SGML or SGML-like GIs as having probable
      priority in emerging standards formulations.

<28>  Mumford, Anne (editor).  Document Exchange: The Use of SGML in
      the UK Academic and Research Community.  Workshop Proceedings 5-
      7 March 1990.  Advisory Group on Computer Graphics, 1990.  This
      proceedings volume contains several important contributions on
      SGML (submitted by Anne Mumford, Paul Ellison, Martin Bryan,
      Angella Scheller, David Duce and Ruth Kidd, Tim Niblett, Lou
      Burnard, John Larmouth, Paul Bacsich and Paul Lefrere, Malcolm
      Clark, and Kathleen Crennell).  The volume is available from the
      organizer: Ann M. Mumford, Computer Centre, Loughborough
      University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: 44 509
      222312; FAX: [phone].  See a full list of contributors and
      presentation-titles in "Document Exchange in UK Universities,"
      SGML Users' Group Newsletter 17 (August 1990) 10.

<29>  *Naggum, Erik.  "Answers to Frequently-Asked-Questions (FAQs) -
      for the UseNet Newsgroup comp.text.sgml."  A draft version (0.0,
      1991-12-15) is available via anonymous FTP as
      ftp.ifi.uio.no:SGML/FAQ.0.0 (ftp.ifi.uio.no has the IP address
      129.240.88.1 as of December 1991).  The latest version of the
      FAQ document may be fetched at any time from this public disk
      region, generously sponsored by The University of Oslo,
      Department of Informatics with oversight by Erik Naggum.  The
      FAQ will also be found on servers which archive collections of
      FAQs.  Suggestions for additional questions (or answers) to be
      included in the FAQ may be directed to the author: Erik Naggum;
      Naggum Software; Boks 1570, Vika; 0118 OSLO, NORWAY; Email:
      [e-mail]  OR  [e-mail] on the Internet.

<30>  Price, Lynne A.  "Graphic Representation of Content Models."
      <TAG> 10 (July 1989) 12-16.  The article demonstrates the use of
      tree structures and (more extensively) FSAs to represent SGML
      content models.  FSAs are useful in revealing ambiguity
      (seemingly equivalent models).  The article is derived from the
      author's tutorial session at the ACM Conference on Document
      Processing Systems, Santa Fe, New Mexico (5-9 December 1988).

<31>  Price, Lynne A.  "Using SGML and TeX for User Documentation."
      In TEXniques No. 7: Proceedings, TeX User's Group 1988 Annual
      Meeting (21-24 August 1988, Montreal).  Pages 203-210.  TeX
      User's Group, 1988.   Abstract: The Standard Generalized Markup
      Language (SGML), defined in International Standard (ISO) 8879,
      is a notation for representing documents and making their
      inherent structure explicit.  The open-ended list of SGML
      applications includes document interchange, formatting or
      typesetting, loading databases for information retrieval,
      stylistic or linguistic analysis, and computer-aided
      translation.  The combination of SGML and TeX is a natural one.
      This paper reviews the philosophy of SGML and then describes a
      particular environment where SGML and TeX are used together,
      giving specific examples of how processing is shared between the
      SGML application and TeX macros.

<32>  Price, Lynne A.; Schneider, Joe.  "Evolution of an SGML Parser
      Generator."  In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Document
      Processing Systems, Santa Fe, 5-9 December 1988.  Pages 51-60.
      New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 1988.   Abstract:
      The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) is a notation
      for describing classes of structured documents and for coding
      documents belonging to described classes. An advantage of SGML
      and other grammar-based document representations is the ability
      to perform multiple applications on a single document source
      file. This paper describes the evolution of a software
      development tool for implementing such applications. It explains
      the original design as well as enhancements made during the
      system's first eighteen months. Although  not statistically
      significant, data on the use of the enhanced features are
      presented.  The experience described is relevant to other
      software engineering tools for text processing.

<33>  Raymond, Darrell R.  "Lector - An Interactive Formatter for
      Tagged Text."  Technical Report OED-90-02.  University of
      Waterloo Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary and Text
      Research, August, 1990.  26 pages, 13 figures. Abstract: Lector
      is an X.11 aplication that provides highly interactive text
      formatting.  Unlike text previewers, Lector handles
      descriptively marked-up text, supports multiple styles, and
      interacts well with other programs, including other invocations
      of Lector.  Appropriate selection of texts and styles enables
      Lector to act as a text previewer, database browser, code
      prettyprinter, menu utility, and iconic interface.  Lector's
      implementation revolves around a set of tradeoffs involving
      efficiency, simplicity and generality.  The result demonstrated
      the utility of generalized text display tools.  Note: for
      further details on the Waterloo Centre, see <19>.

<34>  Rubinsky, Yuri.  "Standards for Hypertext Interchange."  SGML
      Users' Group Newsletter 15 (January 1990) 14-15.  For more on
      SGML applied to hypertext/hypermedia, see <109>, <72> and: (1)
      Yuri Rubinsky, "Standards for Hypertext Interchange Need Not
      Come out of Thin Air,"  <TAG> 11 (October 1989) 4-5; (2) Yuri
      Rubinsky, "Comments on an SGML Application for Hyper- and Multi-
      Media Interchange: Informal Report from the GCA
      Hypertext/Hypermedia Standards Forum,"  <TAG> 11 (October 1989)
      5-6.

<35>  Scheller, Angela.  "Document Standards: Availability and
      Products."  Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 16/1-2 (September
      1988) 138-142.  CODEN: CNISE9.  ISSN: 0169-7552.   Abstract:
      With the growth in the spread of computer networks the demand by
      users for document interchange features is becoming increasingly
      apparent.  The prerequirement for the realization of document
      interchange in a heterogeneous computer environment are
      internationally accepted standards for the description of
      documents.  Already in early 1986, the Standard Generalized
      Markup Language SGML was published as an international standard
      for the structuring of documents.  The publication of the Office
      Document Architecture ODA is expected in the course of 1988.
      The final text is already available.  ODA was originally
      developed for the pure office environment, whereas the concept
      for SGML addressed the author/publisher environment.  This fact
      is mirrored in the current pilot projects testing the standards:
      the manufacturers of office and word-processing systems mainly
      work with ODA, whereas in the technical scientific and
      publishing sectors SGML is often implemented.  Users requiring
      an interface both to the office sector as well as to the
      publishing sector will therefore be confronted with the problems
      related to working with two different, only partially compatible
      standards.

<36>  SGML Users' Group.  "A Brief History of the Development of
      SGML."  3-June-1989.  2 pages.  Printed as a separate document,
      and in the SGML Users' Group Newsletter 14 (October 1989) 6-7,
      and (being free of copyright restrictions) elsewhere, (1) The
      SGML Handbook, <49>, Appendix A: pp. 567-570; (2) The SGML
      Source Guide, <134>.

<37>  Smith, Joan M.  "The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
      for Humanities Publishing."  Literary and Linguistic Computing
      2/3 (1987) 171-175.  ISSN: 0268-1145.   Abstract: a new
      methodology, and the core of which is generic coding, has been
      developed within the International Organization for
      Standardization (ISO).  This is known as the Standard
      Generalized Markup Language (SGML).  Using SGML, the elements of
      a document are marked up as to their role, be it a paragraph, an
      abstract, a note, or whatever; the style of presentation is a
      separate issue and is not addressed by SGML. These elements can
      form part of a data base, which can be updated at will.  So
      there is the notion of data base publishing.  The Standard
      Generalized Markup Language is presented as a tool for full-text
      data base publishing, where the options for output are open, an
      example being given as a marked up document.  Its value for all
      aspects of humanities publishing is addressed: whether for
      scholarly papers intended for a journal, books, specialist
      publications, dictionaries, or biographies, indeed whatever is
      input to an electronic medium with the intention of being imaged
      subsequently in some form; whether alone, in part, or in
      combination with other text.  SGML represents an advance in
      publishing methodology, taking advantage of developing
      technology.  It can be exploited as such in an academic
      environment to give an added dimension to research publications.

<38>  Smith, Joan M.  "Standard Generalized Markup Language and
      Related Standards." Computing Communications 12/2 (April 1989)
      80-84.

<39>  *SoftQuad, Inc.  The SGML Primer. SoftQuad's Quick Reference
      Guide to the Essentials of the Standard: The SGML Needed for
      Reading a DTD and Marked-up Documents and Discussing them
      Reasonably.  Version 2.0. Toronto: SoftQuad Inc., May 1991.  36
      pages.  Available from SoftQuad Inc.; 56 Aberfoyle Crescent,
      Suite 810; Toronto, Ontario; Canada M8X 2W4; TEL: [phone]-
      4801; FAX: [phone].

<40>  Software Exoterica.  "Understanding the SGML Declaration."
      Release 2.0. Ottawa: Software Exoterica Corporation, February
      19, 1991.  Technical Report ECM03-0291.  iv + 34 pages.
      Available from: Software Exoterica Corporation; 383 Parkdale
      Avenue, Suite 406; Ottawa, Ontario; CANADA K1Y 4R4; TEL: +1
      [phone]; TEL: [phone]-XGML; FAX: [phone].

<41>  Tompa, Frank W.  "What is (Tagged) Text?"  In Dictionaries in
      the Electronic Age: Proceedings of the Fifth Annual Conference
      of the UW Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary (18-19
      September 1989, St. Catherine's College, Oxford). Volume 2.
      Pages 81-93.  Waterloo, Ontario: UW Centre for the New OED,
      1989.  Note: for further details on the Waterloo Centre, see
      <19>.


<42>  *"Use of SGML Markup."  Chapter 2 (pp. 9-38) in Guidelines for
      the Encoding and Interchange of Machine-Readable Texts (Text
      Encoding Initiative, Draft Version 1.0).  See <52> in section 3
      below.

<43>  Vooren, Ludo van. "Implementing SGML: Where Do You Start?" <TAG>
      13 (February 1990) 5-7.  This contribution proposes implementing
      SGML in several stages: Document Analysis, Process Design,
      Document Type Declaration Writing, Document Preparation.  Also
      published in SGML Users' Group Newsletter 17 (August 1990) 5-7.

<44>  Walter, Mark.  "OSU's Chameleon Architecture: A Grammatical
      Approach to Translation and DTDs."  Seybold Report on Publishing
      Systems 20/7 (December 24, 1990) 17-23.  Describes the approach
      taken by the Chameleon Research Group at the Department of
      Computer and Information Science at Ohio State University in
      building SGML translators and DTDs.  See more on Chameleon sub
      <26>.

<45>  Warmer, Jos; Egmond, Sylvia van.  "The Implementation of the
      Amsterdam SGML Parser."  Electronic Publishing: Origination,
      Dissemination and Design (EPOdd) 2/2 (July 1989) 65-90. ISSN:
      0894-3982.   Abstract: The Standard Generalized Markup Language
      (SGML) is an ISO Standard that specifies a language for document
      representation.  This paper gives a short introduction to SGML
      and describes the (Vrije Universiteit) Amsterdam SGML Parser and
      the problems we encountered in implementing the Standard. These
      problems include the interpretation of the Standard in places
      where it is ambiguous and the technical problems in parsing SGML
      documents.  Note: the parser is available electronically via
      anonymous-FTP; see <123>.

<46>  Wu, Gilbert.  SGML Theory and Practice.  British Library
      Research Paper 68.  British Library Research and Development
      Department, 1989.  ISSN: 0269-9257 No. 68; ISBN 0-7123-3211-1.
      93 pages.

===========================================================
<S2>    SGML MANUALS: COMMENTARY AND INDICES FOR ISO 8879
===========================================================

*All five volumes in this section are available for purchase from the
GCA collection "Information Technologies Publications and Resources,"
as well as from the named publishers or distributors.  GCA addresses
are given in entry <105>.  Publications <48> and <51> are also
available from the SGML Users' Group Bookstore and may be ordered from
the SGMLUG Secretary; see <106>.

<47>  Bingham, Harvey W.  SGML Syntax Summary. Cambridge, MA:
      Interleaf, 2-June-1988.  46 pages.  The document supplies cross-
      reference information which is not given or optimally accessible
      in the ISO 8879 standard itself.  The syntax summary covers the
      primary ISO document (8879), Amendment 1 (Fall 1987) and
      Amendment 1, Corrections (May 1988).  Copies of the syntax
      summary were mailed to subscribers of <TAG> with issue 1/4
      (1988).  Updates are (were?) available from Interleaf.

<48>  Bryan, Martin.  SGML: An Author's Guide to the Standard
      Generalized Markup Language.  Wokingham/Reading/New York:
      Addison-Wesley, 1988.  ISBN: 0-201-17535-5 (pbk);  LC CALL NO:
      QA76.73.S44 B79 1988.  380 pages.  A highly detailed and useful
      manual explaining and illustrating features of ISO 8879.  The
      book: (1) shows how to analyse the inherent structure of a
      document; (2) illustrates a wide variety of markup tags; (3)
      shows how to design your own tag set; (4) is copiously
      illustrated with practical examples; (5) covers the full range
      of SGML features.  Technical and non-technical authors,
      publishers, typesetters and users of desktop publishing systems
      will find this book a valuable tutorial on the use of SGML and a
      comprehensive reference to the standard.  It assumes no prior
      knowledge of computing or typography on the part of its readers.

<49>  Goldfarb, Charles F.  The SGML Handbook.  Edited and with a
      foreword by Yuri Rubinsky. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
      1990.  ISBN: 0-19-853737-1.  688 pages.   This volume contains
      the full annotated text of ISO 8879 (with amendments), authored
      by IBM Senior Systems Analyst and acknowledged "father of SGML,"
      Charles Goldfarb.  The book was itself produced from SGML input
      using a DTD which is a variation of the "ISO.general" sample DTD
      included in the annexes to ISO 8879.  The SGML Handbook
      includes: (1) the up-to-date amended full text of ISO 8879,
      extensively annotated, cross-referenced, and indexed (2) a
      detailed structured overview of SGML, covering every concept (3)
      additional tutorial and reference material (4) a unique "push-
      button access system" that provides paper hypertext links
      between the standard, annotations, overview, and tutorials.

<50>  Herwijnen, Eric van.  Practical SGML.  Dordrecht/Hingham, MA:
      Wolters Kluwer Academic Publishers.  200 pages.  ISBN: 0-7923-
      0635-X.  The book is designed as a "practical SGML survival-kit
      for SGML users (especially authors) rather than developers," and
      itself constitutes an experiment in SGML publishing.  The book
      provides a practical and painless introduction to the essentials
      of SGML, and an overview of some SGML applications.  See the
      reviews by (1) Carol Van Ess-Dykema in Computational Linguistics
      17/1 (March 1991) 110-116, and (2) Deborah A. Lapeyre in <TAG>
      16 (October 1990) 12-14.

<51>  Smith, Joan M.; Stutely, Robert S.  SGML: The Users' Guide to
      ISO 8879. Chichester/New York: Ellis Horwood/Halsted, 1988. 173
      pages.  ISBN: 0-7458-0221-4 (Ellis Horwood) and ISBN: 0-470-
      21126-1 (Halsted).  LC CALL NO: QA76.73.S44 S44 1988.   The book
      (1) supplies a list of some 200 syntax productions, in numerical
      and alphabetical sequence; (2) gives a combined abbreviation
      list; (3) includes highly useful subject indices to ISO 8879 and
      its annexes (4) supplies graphic representations for the ISO
      8879 character entities; (5) lists SGML keywords and reserved
      names.  An overview of the book may be found in the SGML Users'
      Group Newsletter 9 (August 1988) 9.


================================================
<S3>    SGML APPLICATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATIONS
================================================

<52>  ACH/ACL/ALLC.  Guidelines for the Encoding and Interchange of
      Machine Readable Texts.  Edited by C. Michael Sperberg-McQueen
      and Lou Burnard.  TEI-P1, Version 1.1  October 1990.  xx + 289
      pages.  This volume represents the results of work in Phase I of
      the International Text Encoding Initiative, sponsored by
      ACH/ACL/ALLC and several advisory associations.  The publication
      describes and illustrates mechanisms (some experimental) for
      SGML markup of many kinds of documents, especially for
      humanities fields (literary, linguistic, historical,
      philosophical studies).  The TEI encoding standard is an SGML
      application.  Contact the editors: in the US, Michael Sperberg-
      McQueen; BITNET: u35395@uicvm; Computer Center (M/C 135);
      University of Illinois at Chicago; Box 6998; Chicago, IL  60680;
      TEL: [phone]; in the UK, Lou Burnard; JANET:
      [e-mail]; Oxford University Computing Services; 13
      Banbury Road; Oxford OX2 6NN; TEL: [phone].   Version
      note: Draft Version TEI-P2 is scheduled to appear January 1992,
      and Version 3 is to be produced at the end of the current TEI
      project, April-June, 1992.

      Summary descriptions of the TEI effort may be found in several
      publications, among which the following may be mentioned: (1)
      Susan Hockey (Chair, TEI Steering Committee), "The ACH-ACL-ALLC
      Text Encoding Initiative: An Overview."  TEI Technical Report
      No. TEIJ16.  June, 1991.  Available as 'TEIJ16 DOC' from the
      public LISTSERVer at UICVM: see <114> below; or contact Wendy
      Plotkin, Email: [e-mail], OR [e-mail]
      OR [e-mail]; Postal: Wendy Plotkin, TEI-Rm 168 UIC
      Computer Center; Computer Center (M/C 135); University of
      Illinois at Chicago; Box 6998; Chicago, IL 60680;   (2) Lou
      Burnard, "An Introduction to the Text Encoding Initiative."  Pp.
      81-91 in Modelling Historical Data: Towards a Standard for
      Encoding and Exchanging Machine-Readable Texts: see sub <21>
      above.  Anyone interested in a full description of the TEI and
      its publications should request the TEI document title lists:
      (3) Document Number TEI A0 ("Text Encoding Initiative, Current
      Documents"), listing some 200 technical reports and working
      papers, and (4) Document Number TEI SC R14 ("Talks and Papers on
      the Text Encoding Initiative: A Cumulative List").

 <53> American National Standard for Electronic Manuscript Preparation
      and Markup. (ANSI/NISO Z39.59-1988).  Published for NISO
      (National Information Standards Organization) by Transaction
      Publishers (New Brunswick, NJ), 1991.  xv +167 pages.  ISBN: 0-
      88738-945-7.  ISSN: 1041-5653.   An earlier form of the document
      was published simply as: the Standard for Electronic Manuscript
      Preparation and Markup. (ANSI/NISO Z39.59-1988). 1987, 1988.
      This document was developed over several years as the "AAP
      Standard," was later promoted to by EPSIG/AAP as "the Electronic
      Manuscript Standard" or simply as the "Standard," and is now a
      NISO publication.  The AAP/EPSIG application is SGML-conforming,
      and provides a suggested tagset for authors and publishers.  The
      standard is said to "represent the first industry wide
      application of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language, ISO
      8879). The standard defines the format syntax of the application
      of SGML publication of books and journals.  The standard
      achieves two goals. First, it establishes a standard way to
      identify and tag parts of an electronic manuscript so that
      computers can distinguish between these parts.  Second, it
      provides a logical way to represent special characters, symbols,
      and tabulator material, using only the ASCII character set
      usually found on a standard keyboard."  The standard is
      available for $75 (75 US dollars) from Transaction Publishers,
      Rutgers--The State University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, TEL: (1
      908) 932-2280.  Discounts are available for purchase of multiple
      copies.  Equally, the volume may be ordered from EPSIG: see
      <107>.

<54>  Association of American Publishers.  Author's Guide to
      Electronic Manuscript Preparation and Markup.  2nd edition,
      November 1987.  Reprinted 1989.  ISBN: 1-55653-086-2.  Available
      from EPSIG.

<55>  Association of American Publishers.  The Markup of Mathematical
      Formulas.  2nd edition, 1987.  Reprinted 1989.  ISBN:1-55653-
      083-8.  Available from EPSIG.

<56>  Association of American Publishers.  The Markup of Tabular
      Material. 2nd edition, 1987.  Reprinted 1989.  ISBN: 1-55653-
      085-4.  Available from EPSIG.

<57>  Association of American Publishers.  Reference Manual on
      Electronic Manuscript Preparation and Markup.  2nd edition,
      November 1987.  Reprinted 1989.  ISBN: 1-55653-084-6.  Available
      from EPSIG.

<58>  Guittet, Christian (ed.)  FORMEX: formalisation de
      l'échange de publications électronique =
      Formalised Exchange of Electronic Publications. Luxembourg:
      Office des Publications officielles des Communautés
      européennes, 1985.  ISBN: 92-825-5399-X.  The volume
      contains an introduction to SGML and implementation of the
      standard for electronic interchange of CEC and OPOCE documents.

<59>  Smith, Joan M.  The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML):
      Guidelines for Editors and Publishers. British National
      Bibliography Research Fund, 26.  1987.  ISBN: 0-7123-3111-5.
      ISSN: 0264-2972.  The abstract for <60> generally pertains to
      this document as well.

<60>  Smith, Joan M.  The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML):
      Guidelines for Authors.  British National Bibliography Research
      Fund, 27.  1987.  ISBN: 0-7123-3112-3.  ISSN: 0264-2972.
      Abstract:  These guidelines are for authors of scholarly
      publications who wish to prepare documents for a publisher on
      existing text entry devices, word processors and personal
      computers, adding markup to the text in accordance with the
      Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).  A simple approach
      is adopted, based on the concept of a starter set of tags.  An
      explanation of SGML is given and why markup should be used, and
      advice provided on what is to be done if the author has a
      publisher, has not yet got a publisher, or is his or her own
      publisher.  As far as the preparation of the document is
      concerned, there is advice on keying conventions, when not to
      use stylistic and formatting characteristics of the system, and
      conditions under which its features and facilities may be used.
      The starter set of tags is explained, and how to deal with
      lists, tables, and figures.  Cross referencing is addressed and
      the preparation of an index -- all with examples.  Information
      is given on how to extend the starter set and how to cope with
      text the author may not be able to markup for any reason.  How
      to deal with characters for printing, that cannot be imaged on
      the text entry device, is explained, also how to use
      abbreviations for lengthy character strings of a repetitive
      nature.  For all other issues, the author is referred to the
      publisher, to the companion 'Guidelines for Editors and
      Publishers', and to the standard itself.

<61>  US Department of Defense.  Military Specification. Markup
      Requirements and Generic Style Specification for Electronic
      Printed Output and Exchange of Text (SGML).  CALS Phase 1.1 Core
      Requirement Document. MIL-M-28001A Draft (Superseding MIL-M-
      28001, 15 December 1988).  17 July 1989.  501 pages.  Further
      amendments, revisions and extensions to this standard are in
      progress as of 1991.  The document is available in paper from
      the GCA and from any CALS document suppliers.  It is also
      available free in electronic format from the CALS-BBS Internet
      forum: see <117>. One would connect to the server via anon-FTP
      and "get" the individual files from the pub/cals/28001a
      subdirectory.  For machine parsable Document Type Declaration
      Sets and Output Specification Instance files, download the
      following in addition to the paginated "human readable" 28001a
      files:  (1) 38784PID.EXE (Document Type Declaration Set,
      Contents of Public Identifier "-//USA-DOD//DTD MIL-M-38784B
      900102//EN");  (1a) the revised/corrected file 38784-V2.EXE or
      38784-V2.PID; (2) TEMP-PID.EXE (Document Type Declaration Set,
      Contents of Public Identifier "-//USA DOD//DTD TEMPLATE
      900102//EN");  (3) OS-PID.EXE (Document Type Declaration Set,
      Contents of Public Identifier "-//USA-DOD//DTD OUTPUT SPEC
      900102//EN");  (4) TEMP-FOS.EXE (FOSI = Formatted Output
      Specification Instance Template for OUTSPEC.PID).

      The fuller CALS Specifications and Requirements package is
      likewise available in looseleaf paper format from GCA, and free
      from the CALS-BBS Internet forum in electronic format.  E.g.,
      (1) MIL-STD 1840A (Military Standard.  Automated Interchange of
      Technical Information.  Superceding MIL-STD-1840);  (2) MIL-R-
      28002 (Military Specification. Raster Graphics Representation in
      Binary Format, Requirements for);  (3) MIL D-28000 (Military
      Specification. Digital Representation for Communication of
      Product Data: IGES Application Subsets.  With Amendment 1, of
      20-December-1988);  (4) MIL-D-28003 (Military Specification.
      Digital Representation for Communication of Illustration Data:
      CGM Application Profile);  (5) MIL-HDBK-59a (Military Handbook.
      Department of Defense, Computer-Aided and Acquisition Logistic
      Support (CALS) Program Implementation Guide).  Explanation of
      these core requirements for CALS and the relationships of the
      specifications to SGML is accomplished in a book by Joan M.
      Smith, An Introduction to CALS: The Strategy and the Standards.
      Technology Appraisals Limited, 1990.  ISBN 1-871802-04-0.  143
      pages.  This introductory volume is also available from the GCA.

<62>  Vignaud, Dominique. L'édition structurée des
      documents: SGML application à l'édition
      français.  Paris: Éditions du Cercle de la
      Librarie, 1989.  ISBN: 2-7654 0420-8.  This volume was prepared
      to assist French publishers with application of the SGML
      standard. It supplies a basic DTD, and additional materials are
      available (including electronic files) for extending the DTD.
      The book is said to be the first volume in a series
      L'édition structurée des documents, published by
      Éditions du Cercle de la Librarie.  For availability,
      contact the Syndicat nationale de l'édition (SNE) or:
      Éditions du Cercle de la Librarie, 35 rue
      Grégorie-de-Tours, 75006 Paris, France.  Additional
      details: see "SGML: application à l'édition
      français," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 13 (August 1989)
      9; Yuri Rubinsky's brief review, "Can Imaginative Objects Have
      Intentions?" <TAG> 10 (July 1989) 11; or "French Book DTD
      Available," <TAG> 9 (March/April 1989) 15.  The book is similar
      in purpose to the American (EPSIG/AAP) volume "Standard for
      Electronic Manuscript Preparation and Markup" published by NISO,
      <53>, and to the British volumes written by Joan Smith: <59> and
      <60>.  Whereas the EPSIG/AAP standard for electronic publishing
      defined some 220 tags, Vignaud's DTD deliberately defines only
      60 tags.

====================================================
<S4>    ISO STANDARDS PUBLICATIONS GERMANE TO SGML
====================================================

The following ISO (standards) publications are listed in two groups:
(A) the SGML standard and eight other standards/documents considered
to belong to the fuller suite of 'SGML' standards; (B) other standards
which are referenced by SGML or otherwise, for various reasons, are of
interest to SGML users.  In the first list, numerically, are: the ISO
8879 (SGML) standard <63> and its amendment <64>; ISO 9069 SDIF <65>,
ISO/IEC Public Text Owner Identifiers <66>, ISO/IEC TR 9573 Techniques
for Using SGML <67>, ISO/IEC TR 10037 Syntax-Directed Editing Systems
<68>, ISO/IEC DIS 10179 DSSSL <69>, ISO/IEC DIS 10180 SPDL <70>,
ISO/IEC CD 10743 SMDL <71>, and ISO/IEC DIS 10744 HyTime <72>.

The ISO documents listed below are available from national member
bodies of ISO, but many are also available from the Graphic
Communications Association using phone (credit card) or FAX ordering.
The GCA may be reached for ordering as follows: TEL: [phone];
FAX [phone].  GCA's postal address is: Graphic Communications
Association; 100 Daingerfield Road, Alexandria, VA  22314.  A smaller
number of standards documents (e.g., ISO 8879, ISO 8879 Amendment, ISO
9069, ISO 9544, ISO 9573) are available from the secretary of the SGML
Users' Group at member prices: contact Mr. Stephen G. Downie; SGML
Users' Group, Secretary; c/o SoftQuad Inc.; 56 Aberfoyle Crescent,
Suite 810; Toronto, Ontario; Canada M8X 2W4; TEL: [phone];
FAX: [phone].  The address for ISO is: ISO Central
Secretariat; 1, rue de Varembé; Case Postale 56; CH-1211 Geneva
20; SWITZERLAND; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone]; TELEX: 23
887 iso ch.

The bibliographic information below is current through about November
1991, but incomplete citations and inaccuracies are certain to be
found. Corrections/additions/updates in support of currency and
accuracy will be welcomed.

PRIMARY ISO DOCUMENTS RELATING TO SGML:

<63>  ISO 8879:1986.  Information Processing -- Text and Office
      Systems -- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML).
      International Organization for Standardization.  Ref. No. ISO
      8879:1986 (E). Geneva/New York, 1986.  A subset of SGML became a
      US FIPS (Federal Information Processing Standard) in 1988.  The
      British Standards Institution adopted SGML as a national
      standard (BS 6868) in 1987, and in 1989 SGML was adopted by the
      CEN/CENELEC Standards Committees as a European standard, #28879.
      Australia has dual numbered versions of ISO 8879 SGML and ISO
      9069 SDIF (AS 3514 - SGML 1987; AS 3649 - 1990 SDIF).

      A one-page NTIS technical note on ISO 8879 as a US FIPS
      document, FIPS-PUB-152, provides the following abstract for ISO
      8879:  Abstract "This citation summarizes a one-page
      announcement of technology available for utilization.  A Federal
      Information Processing Standard (FIPS) recently approved by the
      Secretary of Commerce should help federal agencies improve their
      communications with publishing organizations.  (FIPS are
      developed by NIST for use by the federal government.)  The new
      standard, called Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML),
      provides a common way for defining markup languages so documents
      can be transferred from author to publisher in a standardized
      format.  By providing a coherent and unambiguous syntax for
      describing the elements within a document, SGML makes it easier
      to move unformatted textual data among different installations
      and processing systems.  Developed by the International
      Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the American National
      Standards Institute (ANSI) with assistance from NIST, the SGML
      standard is already being used by the Computer-Aided Acquisition
      and Logistics Support (CALS) program of the Department of
      Defense to develop a military specification. NIST is providing
      technical support for the CALS program.  In addition, NIST has
      developed the first set of conformance tests for SGML; ISO and
      ANSI are considering using these tests for their own test
      suites."  See "Publishing Standard Allows for the Transfer of
      Documents from Author to Publisher," NTIS Tech Note, 081914000;
      National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD; May 1989.

      The SGML standard is now (1991) in the process of its first
      five-year review.  National member bodies of ISO and other
      entities are submitting revision statements to the ISO/IEC
      JTC1/SC18/WG8 for review.  See, for example, statements by ANSI
      X3VI.8 and the SGML Users' Group, printed in the SGML Users'
      Group Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 20.  For other possible
      addenda and changes to 8879, see "Recommendations for a Possible
      Revision of ISO 8879. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC18/WG8 N931 [Part I],"
      <TAG> 12 (December 1989) 6-8 and "Recommendations for a Possible
      Revision of ISO 8879. Part II. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC18/WG8 N931,"
      <TAG> 13 (February 1990) 12-15;  "Additional Recommendations for
      a Possible Revision of ISO 8879 - Information Processing - Text
      and Office Systems (ISO/IEC JTC1/SC18/WG8 N1013," <TAG> 15
      (August, 1990) 12-14.  Balloting of 18 countries' national
      standards bodies (from 25) based upon review of the standard
      between November 15, 1990 and February 28, 1991 resulted in
      general confirmation of ISO 8879, with six requests for
      revision.  WG8 will continue to review ISO 8879 in light of the
      comments and recommendations for revision, but the standard is
      thus confirmed through 1996.  See details in "Replies on Review
      of ISO 8879 (SGML," EPSIG News 4/4 (December 1991) 8.

<64>  ISO 8879:1986 / A1:1988 (E). Information Processing -- Text and
      Office Systems -- Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML),
      Amendment 1.  Published 1988-07-01.  Geneva: International
      Organization for Standardization, 1988.

<65>  ISO 9069:1988.  Information Processing -- SGML Support
      Facilities -- SGML Document Interchange Format (SDIF).  13
      September 1988.  Geneva/New York: International Organization for
      Standardization, 1988.  Also available as The British Standard
      Guide to SGML Document Interchange Format (SDIF), BS 7138 1989
      (ISO 9069: 1988; see in "Snippets," SGML Users' Group Newsletter
      14 (October 1989) 12.

<66>  ISO/IEC 9070:1991.  Information Processing -- SGML Support
      Facilities -- Registration Procedures for Public Text Owner
      Identifiers.  Second edition.  15 April 1991.   The "public
      text" envisioned in this standard as applied to SGML might be
      DTDs (Document Type Definitions), or declaration subsets of
      DTDs, public entity sets, etc.  Names include an owner name and
      an object identifier.  Equivalent encodings for the names in
      ASN.1 and SGML may be supplied for interchange purposes.  Note:
      "The intention of the amendment that has resulted in a 2nd
      edition is to extend 9070 beyond the simple boundaries of SGML
      only.  It is now used by 9541 (and 10036) for the definition of
      'structured names'.  A New Work Item Proposal is being submitted
      to change the title and scope of 9070 to show its extended
      usefulness." (note from Paul Ellison, December 1991)

<67>  ISO/IEC TR 9573:1988 (E). Information Processing -- SGML Support
      Facilities -- Techniques for Using Standard Generalized Markup
      Language (SGML). December 09, 1988.  Anders Berglund, editor.
      vi + 124 pages.  A major revision of the TR underway (as of May
      1990) will result in a new TR with (16) parts: (1) SGML Tutorial
      (2) Basic Techniques (3) Advanced Techniques (4) Using Short
      References for Identifying Markup (5) Using non-Latin Alphabets
      (6) Referencing and Synchronisation (7) Mathematics and
      Chemistry (8) Tables (9) Using SGML for Computer-to-Computer
      Interchange (10) Designing Applications for Database Interfacing
      (11) Application at ISO CS for International Standards and
      Technical Reports (12) Public Entity Sets for General and
      Publishing Symbols (13) Public Entity Sets for Mathematics and
      Science (14) Public Entity Sets for Latin Based Alphabets (15)
      Public Entity Sets for non-Latin Based Alphabets (16) Public
      Entity Sets for Ideograms (adapted from Ludo Van Vooren, "SGML
      Standards Committee Update: Activities of ISO SC 18 WG8," <TAG>
      14 (May 1990) 11-12.  See also Joan M. Smith in "More Liaison
      Statements to ISO," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 13 (August
      1989) 6-7.  A description of this ISO document is found in
      "Publication of Techniques for Using SGML," SGML Users' Group
      Newsletter 11 (January 1989) 3-4.  Further update of parts 1-5
      of TR 9573 will be delayed until the 5-year revision of SGML
      (ISO 8879) is completed.

<68>  ISO/IEC TR 10037:1991.  Information Processing -- SGML and Text
      Entry Systems -- Guidelines for SGML Syntax-Directed Editing
      Systems. 15 March 1991. Geneva: International Organization for
      Standardization, 1991.  The document supplies technical guidance
      for the development of context- sensitive SGML editors.  See
      "Guidelines for Syntax-Directed Editing Systems," SGML Users'
      Group Newsletter 14 (October 1989) 3.

<69>  ISO/IEC DIS 10179:1990.  Text Composition -- Document Style
      Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL).  ISO Project
      18.15.6.01. 1988, 1989, 1990.  Edited by Sharon Adler. vi + 132
      pages.  See <1> for early commentary.  Ocasionally SGML is
      criticized for its fundamental principle (sometimes declared
      'misguided philosophy') of radically separating content from
      appearance.  DSSSL addresses this issue, although as a distinct,
      separate processing matter: DSSSL acknowledges the need to
      support the exchange of semantic information about a document's
      layout structures and other presentation or processing features.
      From the Standard's introduction:

      "This International Standard defines the Document Style
      Semantics and Specification Language (DSSSL) for the
      specification of document processing, such as formatting and
      data management functions, with the initial focus on formatting
      to both print and on display media, and data conversion.  The
      International Standard has been structured to permit future
      sections to be added to this International Standard to cover the
      areas of data management.

      The objective of the DSSSL Standard is to provide a formal and
      rigorous means of expressing the range of document production
      specifications, including high-quality typography, required by
      the graphic arts industry.  These specifications will be
      expressed using standardized basic semantics or combinations of
      the basic standard DSSSL semantics.  These semantics will allow
      users to specify fully the characteristics to be be applied
      during document processing, such as composition, pagination, and
      imposition.  The DSSSL typographic semantics may be used to form
      the basis of a standard style sheet language.   In addition,
      DSSSL includes General Language Transformation constructs which
      provide the capability to translate into an existing processing
      language, such as a data base update language (e.g., SQL) or a
      traditional text formatting language.

      A status summary based on note from Paul Ellison, December 5,
      1991: The DIS ballot on DSSSL has closed, and sufficient votes
      have been received to allow DSSSL to proceed to IS once ballot
      comments have been resolved.  Although a negative vote was
      received from three countries (UK, Germany and France), there
      were a considerable number of major and minor comments. In
      addition an extensive liaison statement has been received from
      SC18/WG3.  Resolution of these comments will take many meetings.

<70>  ISO/IEC DIS 10180:1991.  Information Processing -- Text
      Composition -- Standard Page Description Language (SPDL).
      Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 1991.
      For a summary, see: (1) SGML Users' Group Newsletter 20
      (September 1991) 17-18; Peter J. Robinson, and Stephen M.
      Strasen, "Standard Page Description Language," Computing
      Communications 12/2 (April 1989) 85-92;  (2) "Text Composition
      Standards," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 15 (January 1990) 7-8.
      Note: ISO/IEC 10180 has now passed DIS ballot with no negative
      votes. The joint editors are expected to have the final text
      ready for publication during 1992 (so Paul Ellison, December
      1991).

<71>  ISO/IEC CD 10743:1991.  Information Technology -- Standard Music
      Description Language (SMDL).  April 1, 1991.   SMDL "defines a
      language for the representation of music information, either
      alone, on in conjunction with text, graphics, or other
      information needed for publishing or business purposes."
      Multimedia time sequence information in also supported.  SMDL is
      a HyTime application conforming to ISO/IEC DIS 10744
      Hypermedia/Time- based Structuring Language (HyTime), and an
      SGML application conforming to Standard Generalized Markup
      Language (ISO 8879:1986).  An earlier version was published by
      ANSI (American National Standards Institute), as ANSI X3V1.8M
      Journal of Development. ANSI Project X3.542-D. Standard Music
      Description Language (SMDL). X3V1.8M/SD-8. 60 pages. Sixth
      Draft. April 15, 1990.  See a description of SMDL in: Steven R.
      Newcomb, "Standard Music Description Language Complies with
      Hypermedia Standard," IEEE Computer 24/7 (July 1991) 76-79.

<72>  ISO/IEC DIS 10744:1991.  Information Technology --
      Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (HyTime).  Edited by
      Charles F. Goldfarb (with assistance from Steven R. Newcomb).
      10-October-1991.  Voting on the Draft International Standard
      terminates on April 10, 1992.  Copies are available from the
      SIGhyper group, <109> below, as well as from any national member
      of ISO.  "HyTime is a standard neutral markup language for
      representing hypertext, multimedia, hypermedia, and time- and
      space-based documents in terms of their logical structure.  Its
      purpose is to make hyperdocuments interoperable and maintainable
      over the long term.  HyTime can be used to represent documents
      containing any combination of digital notations.  HyTime is
      parsable as Standard Generalized Markup Language (ISO
      8879:1986).  HyTime provides standardized means of expressing
      (1) intra- and extra-document locations, and arbitrary links
      between them, (2) the scheduling of multimedia objects in
      'finite coordinate spaces,' and (3) rendering instructions for
      arbitrarily projecting such objects onto other finite coordinate
      spaces, and other constructs."  = Abstract from CACM 34/11
      (November 1991) 67-83.  An earlier version was published as an
      ANSI (American National Standards Institute) standard: ANSI
      X3V1.8M Journal of Development. ANSI Project X3.749-D.
      HyperMedia/Time-Based Structuring Language (HyTime). X3V1.8M/SD-
      7. 68 pages. Sixth Draft. April 15, 1990.

OTHER STANDARDS RELATED TO ISO 8879:1986 (SGML):

<73>  ISO 639:1988 (E/F). Code for the Representation of Names of
      Languages.  First edition, 1988-04-01. Reference number is ISO
      639:1988 (E/F). iii + 17 pages.  Geneva: International
      Organization for Standardization, 1988. This document is a
      technical revision of ISO 639:1967, prepared by Technical
      Committee ISO/TC 37. The two-character language codes of ISO 639
      are relevant to SGML encoding in two respects.  First, the SGML
      standard (ISO 8879) itself specifies that declaration of 'public
      text language' should be given using the language code(s) from
      ISO 639; see ISO 8879-1986(E) page 36, section 10.2.2.3.
      Second, the WSD (Writing System Declaration) implemented in the
      Text Encoding Initiative uses the two-character language code of
      ISO 639 (as amended) as a 'language.code' attribute of the
      'nat.language' declaration, specifying the language in which the
      WSD is written.

      ISO 639 contains much other information about the use of
      language symbols, registration of new symbols, etc.  The
      language codes of ISO 639 are said to be "devised primarily for
      use in terminology, lexicography and linguistics, but they may
      be used for any application requiring the expression of
      languages in coded form."  The registration authority for ISO
      639 is given as Infoterm, Österreiches Normungsinstitut
      (ON), Postfach 130, A-1021 Vienna, AUSTRIA.

      The two-character language codes of ISO 639 are recognized as
      being inadequate for use as SGML language attributes when
      tagging text, viz, for use as global 'lang' attributes attached
      to any element to identify the language of the text element or a
      language shift. In principle, there should be nothing wrong with
      tagging language using SGML elements rather than attributes, if
      the encoder has principled reasons for not using attributes
      (e.g., indexing engines which read simple tags but not SGML
      attributes).  But the two-character codes of ISO 639 are neither
      sufficiently mnemonic nor complete for the world's languages:
      whereas ISO 639 supplies codes for only about 136 languages, the
      Ethnologue published by the Summer Institute of Linguistics
      identifies over 6100 languages (see Ethnologue: Languages of the
      World, ed. Barbara Grimes. 11th edition. Dallas, TX: Summer
      Institute of Linguistics, 1988).  A revision of ISO 639
      completed late 1990 is described as supplying 3-character
      language codes (following MARC 3-character language codes in
      part), based upon the code sequence of the American National
      Standard (ANSI Z39.53).  This draft will be circulated for
      worldwide review in 1991/92.  It remains to be seen whether
      these new ISO 639 3-character codes qualify mnemonically for use
      in SGML tagging and if the set is complete.

<74>  ISO 646:1991.  Information Processing -- 7-bit Coded Character
      Set for Information Interchange.  Geneva: International
      Organization for Standardization, 1991.  (646 IRV identical to
      ASCII)

<75>  ISO 2014:1976.  Writing of Calendar Dates in All-Numeric Form.
      Geneva/New York: ISO (International Organization for
      Standardization), 1976.  Now superseded by ISO 4166 (?).

<76>  ISO 2022:1982.  Information Processing -- ISO 7-bit and 8-bit
      Coded Character Sets -- Code Extension Techniques.

<77>  ISO 2375:1985.  Data Processing -- Procedure for Registration of
      Escape Sequences.  Geneva/New York: International Organization
      for Standardization, 1985.

<78>  ISO 4873:1985.  8-bit Code for Information Interchange --
      Structure and Rules for Implementation.  Geneva/New York:
      International Organization for Standardization, 1985.  (In 1990:
      under review as ISO/DIS 4873:1990.)

<79>  ISO 6429:1988.  Additional Control Functions for Character
      Imaging Devices.

<80>  ISO DIS 6937:1990.  Coded Character Sets for Text Communication.
      ISO DIS 6937 is under review as CD 6937:1990.  The titled parts
      are: ISO DIS 6937-1:1983  General Information; ISO DIS 6937-
      2:1983 Latin alphabetic and non-alphabetic graphic characters;
      ISO DIS 6937-2:1989 Addendum 1, Latin alphabetic and non-
      alphabetic graphic characters.  Parts 3 and 4 (DIS 6937-3 and
      DIS 6937-4) are now superseded by DIS 10538.

<81>  ISO DIS 7350-2:1990.  Text Communication -- Registration of
      Graphic Character Subrepertoires of the Graphic Character
      Repertoire of ISO 10367. Geneva/New York: International
      Organization for Standardization, 1990.

<82>  ISO 8613:1988.  Information Processing -- Text and Office
      Systems -- Office Document Architecture (ODA) and Interchange
      Formats.  1988.  For addenda, see also "Other ISO News. Addenda
      to ISO 8613," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 14 (October 1989) 3-
      4.  The ODA/ODIF standard in 8 parts.  It is also available as a
      CCITT document, according to Erik Naggum, for considerably less
      money.  The fascicles are available free from ECMA to qualifying
      parties. "ODA is also available from your favorite CCITT outlet
      as Blue Book Volume VII, fascicle VII.6, Terminal equipment and
      protocols for telematic services, T.400-T.418, and costs a
      nominal CHF 47 (or CHF 57 if you order it from CCITT yourself).
      ISO 8613 and the T.400-series are supposedly identical, as per
      ISO 8613-1, Annex B, Relationships with other standards, B.2
      Other standards, section B.2.1, second paragraph:  'The text of
      ISO 8613-1 to ISO 8613-8 are identical to the texts in the
      correspondingly numbered CCITT Recommendations T.411 to T.418
      except for mandated stylistic differences and provisions of ISO
      8613 that are outside the scope of these Recommendations'."
      (Erik Naggum <[e-mail]>, Naggum Software, Oslo, Norway,
      News comp.text, July 13, 1990)

      Fuller bibliographic coverage for ODA/ODIF is not practical
      here, given the immediate goals of the document and space
      limitations.  As pointers to the literature on ODA, here are
      five citations: (1) Appelt, Wolfgang. Document Architecture in
      Open Systems: The ODA Standard. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York:
      Springer-Verlag, 1991. ISBN: 3-540-54539-5.  (2) Bormann, U.;
      Bormann, C.; Bathe, C.  "SDE -- A WYSIWYG Editing and Formatting
      System for ODA and SGML."  In Esprit '88: Putting the Technology
      to Use.  Proceedings of the 5th Annual ESPRIT Conference
      (Brussels, November 14-17, 1988).  II:1075-1095.  Amsterdam/New
      York: Elsevier/North-Holland, 1988.  (3) Brown, H. "Standards
      for Structured Documents," The Computer Journal 32/6 (December
      1989) 505-514.  (4) Dawson, Frank; Nielsen, Fran.  "ODA and
      Document Interchange Office Document Architecture Standard."
      UNIX Review 8/3 (March 1990) 50-57.  (5) Rosenberg, Jonathan;
      Sherman, Mark; Marks, Ann; Akkerhuis, Jaap.  Multi-media
      Document Translation: ODA and the EXPRES Project.  New York, NY:
      Springer-Verlag, 1991.  ISBN 0-387-97397-4 [U.S.]; ISBN 3-540-
      97397-4 [Germany].  See also the excellent survey article in
      <24>.

<83>  ISO 8632:1987.  Information Processing Systems - Computer
      Graphics - Metafile for the Storage and Transfer of Picture
      Description Information (CGM). Geneva/New York: International
      Organization for Standardization, 1987. Note: the standard is in
      several parts. Part 2: Character Encoding; Part 3: Binary
      Encoding; Part 4: Clear-Text Encoding.

<84>  ISO 8859:1987-.  Information Processing -- 8-bit Single-Byte
      Coded Graphic Character Sets.  Multiple parts, 1987-1991.
      Titles for parts 1,2 7,8 are given below.

      Character set and character code issues are not the fundamental
      concern of SGML, since any code sets can be declared and managed
      by SGML.  On the other hand, SGML users typically value SGML for
      its intelligent handling of multi-lingual text and document
      production, so it is natural that code sets are of some
      interest.  See also the multi-byte code standards ISO 10646 <93>
      and Unicode <95> below.

      Anyone interested ISO 8859 discussions may subscribe to the
      electronic mailing list: [e-mail], ASCII/EBCDIC
      character set related issues. Owner = HART@APLVM (Ed Hart).  A
      variety of ASCII/EBCDIC character set related issues are
      discussed on the ISO8859 list, including (but not limited to)
      the following: (1) Definitions of codes  (2) Translations
      between ASCII and EBCDIC ISO 8859/1 (8-bit ASCII with
      international accented characters for Latin alphabets) and ANSI
      equivalent X3.134.2-198x (3) IBM Country Extended Code Pages
      (CECPs) particularly, U.S./Canada English CECP 37, V1; and Code
      Page 850 (PC, PS/2); (4) Application/Program Product support of
      characters and codes.

<85>  ISO 8859-1: 1987 (E).  Information Processing -- 8-Bit Single-
      Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets -- Part 1: Latin Alphabet No.
      1.  First edition. 15 February 1987.  Geneva/New York:
      International Organization for Standardization, 1987.

<86>  ISO 8859-2: 1987 (E).  Information Processing -- 8-Bit Single-
      Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets -- Part 2: Latin Alphabet No.
      2.  First edition.  15 February 1987. Geneva/New York:
      International Organization for Standardization, 1987.

<87>  ISO 8859-7:1987 (E).  Information Processing -- 8-Bit Single-
      Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets -- Part 7: Latin/Greek
      Alphabet.  First edition.  15 November 1987.  Geneva/New York:
      International Organization for Standardization, 1987.

<88>  ISO 8859-8:1988 (E).  Information Processing -- 8-Bit Single-
      Byte Coded Graphic Character Sets -- Part 8: Latin/Hebrew
      Alphabet.  First edition. 1 June 1988.  Geneva/New York:
      International Organization for Standardization, 1988.

<89>  ISO DIS 9541:1989.  Information Processing -- Font and Character
      Information Interchange.  Its parts are: ISO DIS 9541-1.2  Part
      1: Architecture; ISO DIS 9541-2.2  Part 2: Interchange Format.
      Note from Paul Ellison, December 5, 1991 follows.  "ISO 9541
      Parts 1 & 2 and ISO 10036 are now published ISO standards.  An
      error in Part 2 has been found, and a 'defects procedure' will
      be set up.  DIS 9541 Part 3 is currently (December 1991) out for
      DIS ballot.  User Requirements were developed for Part 4
      (Application Specific Properties). User Requirements (UR) and
      New Work Item Proposals (NP) were developed for two amendments:
      (1) To Part 1 to add additional properties for the improved
      setting of Latin- based and of East Asian languages, and for the
      setting of script-based languages (eg Arabic and Hindi).  This
      NP will include changes to Part 2 to allow the additional
      properties to be interchanged; (2) To Part 2 only, to add
      facilities for the interchange of partial fonts, subsets of
      fonts, and families of fonts."

<90>  ISO TR 9544:1988.  Information Processing -- Computer-Assisted
      Publishing -- Vocabulary. 15 July 1988.  43 pages.  Due for
      three-year review as of late 1991; discussions are being held to
      change the editorship (Paul Ellison is currently nominated).

<91>  ISO/DIS 10036:1989.  Procedure for Registration of Glyph and
      Glyph-Collection Identifiers.  Includes the text of ISO DIS 9541
      on registration.

<92>  ISO DIS 10538: . Control Functions for Text Communication.
      Incorporates ISO 6937, parts 3 and 4, into a separate standard.

<93>  ISO/IEC DIS 10646.  Information technology - Universal Coded
      Character Set (UCS).  The DIS voting ended 1991-06-06.  Note:
      (from Harry Gaylord, December 1991) "SC2 decided on a revised
      DIS to be sent out for a four month voting period at Rennes,
      France in October.  The revised DIS should be sent to national
      bodies in January/February 1992."   As of late 1991, ISO 10646
      DIS and the consortial 'Unicode' standard, an alternative multi-
      byte code standard, were in a period of 'merger.' Both standards
      efforts attempt to define a multi-byte character encoding large
      enough to account for the world's major writing systems; the
      'merger' is a complex story which can only be summarized here.
      The following paragraphs present a characterization of the ISO
      10646 effort from the perspective of the list owner of the
      electronic discussion group.  Entry <95> below, following the
      ISO documents list, supplies information on Unicode.

      ISO10646 List: Multi-byte Code Issues. [e-mail]
      Owner = HART@APLVM (Ed Hart).  The purpose of the list is to
      serve as a clearing house for information on and discussion of
      multi-byte coded-character-set issues. The ISO 10646 draft and
      Unicode draft standards represent two different approaches to
      encoding the world's characters into a multi-byte code.

      Background to the disucssion: People are looking at multi-byte
      codes as a way to solve many of the problems we are experiencing
      with single-byte, 7-bit and 8-bit codes.  Although most of us do
      not need all 191 of the characters in the ISO 8859-1 character
      set (repertoire), we frequently need characters outside of this
      set; for example, bullets or nice quotation marks for
      professional looking documents, symbols for mathematics and
      science, etc.  The reason for developing multi-byte codes is
      that processing ONE multi-byte code appears easier than several
      single-byte codes.

      As of March, 1990, two coding schemes have emerged.  The
      International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
      Subcommittee 2, Working Group 2 (SC2/WG2) has developed the ISO
      10646 Multi-Octet Code.  It is now a "draft proposed" standard
      (two levels removed from being an international standard).  The
      ISO working group has been working on this project for the last
      6 years and it has been subject to unusually wide review for a
      proposed standard.  The other draft standard is the result of
      the work of a consortium of U.S. companies, mostly from the west
      coast.  It is called Unicode.  Both of these draft standards
      enable the worlds communication (newspapers and magazines) and
      business characters, ideographs, and symbols to be encoded for
      storage and communication between computers.  However, each uses
      a different approach to making the inevitable tradeoffs.

<94>  TR XXXX Operational Model for Text Description and Processing
      Language.

<95>  Unicode: A Standard International Character Code for
      Multilingual Information Processing.  Unicode is noteworthy in
      *not* being an ISO standard, but promising to become a major
      standard, more or less compatible with ISO 10646. Compare <93>
      above.

      The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard: Worldwide
      Character Encoding, Version 1.0.  Volume 1.  Edited by Erica
      Liederman.  Addison-Wesley, 1991. xx + 682 pages. ISBN 0-201-
      56788-1.  An "implementor's version" of the Unicode Book volume
      one (looseleaf in binder, same text as the bound Addison-Wesley
      volume, no ISBN) comes with a diskette containing chapters 4-6.
      It is available from the Unicode Secretariat, c/o Metaphor
      Computer Systems; see the address below.  An earlier draft of
      Unicode was: Unicode 1.0. Draft Standard, Final Review Document.
      The Unicode Consortium, December, 1990.

      "Unicode is a fixed-width 16-bit multilingual character encoding
      scheme that efficiently and unambiguously represents the world's
      normal text characters for electronic information processing.
      Unicode was devised by a group of individuals and companies,
      including Apple, IBM, Metaphor, Microsoft, NeXT, Research
      Libraries Group (RLG), Sun, Xerox and others.

      "Unicode is designed to meet the need for a simple  multilingual
      character standard in electronic information systems.  The model
      for Unicode is the defacto use of ASCII, with its simple,
      unambiguous, fixed-width characters. Fixed-width characters
      simplify information processing in text streams, flat text
      files, strings, character arrays, database fields, procedure
      arguments and returns.  They simplify text operations such as
      insertion and deletion, truncation, indexing the nth character,
      etc. Conversely, variable width, context dependent encodings or
      code-page switching (that are common in other multilingual
      standards) complicate information interchange and programming.
      Since ASCII's eight-bit character size is inadequate to handle
      multilingual text, and proposals for 32-bit standard are
      unnecessarily cumbersome, Unicode adopts a 16- bit architecture
      which extends the benefits of the ASCII to multilingual text and
      adds new strengths.

      "A 16-bit character code can uniquely specify any character in
      any language that is currently used in electronic information
      systems or is likely to be used in the foreseeable future.
      Moreover, since Unicode characters are consistently 16-bits
      wide, regardless of language, no escape sequence or control code
      is required to specify any character in any language. Unicode
      handles alphabetic and ideographic character sets simultaneously
      and with equal facility.

      "Basic (kernel) computer programs that use Unicode to represent
      characters but do not display or print text can often remain
      undisturbed when new languages or characters are introduced.
      Programmers seeking to adapt a Unicode conformant program to a
      new language environment can allocate their full energies to
      specifying the contents of character sorting and string handling
      algorithms, providing proper fonts, and developing appropriate
      character rendering routines (e.g., date, time, and currency
      formats).

      "Unicode is a product of the collaboration of multilingual
      engineers, managers, linguists, and information specialists from
      various corporations world-wide.  A Unicode Consortium was
      formed in 1991 to bring Unicode to the world under the
      sponsorship of a multi-corporate, multi-national, non-profit
      organization. Membership in the consortium is open to all who
      support Unicode principles.  (Adapted from network postings)

      Contacts: (1) Unicode Consortium; c/o Kenneth Whistler; Metaphor
      Computer Systems; 1965 Charleston Road; Mountain View, CA 94043;
      USA; Email (Internet): [e-mail]; TEL: (1
      415) 691-3600  OR  (2)  Richard McGowan; c/o NeXT Computer, Inc;
      900 Chesapeake Drive; Redwood City, CA 94063; Email (Internet):
      [e-mail]; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone].


=================================================
<S5>    SERIAL PUBLICATIONS DEDICATED TO SGML
=================================================

Contents:   * <TAG>: The SGML Newsletter
            * SGML Users' Group Bulletin
            * SGML Users' Group Newsletter
            * EPSIG News

CALS-SGML:  * SGML Report
            * EuroCALS Newsletter
            * Barlow Report
            * CALS Journal
            * CALS Report

<96>  <TAG>: The SGML Newsletter.   This dedicated SGML publication is
      one of several forms of support given to SGML by the Graphic
      Communications Association (GCA).  <TAG> is GCA's premier
      publication organ covering SGML, published jointly by the GCA
      and SGML Associates, Inc. as "The Technical Journal of the SGML
      Community."  It covers CALS SGML, SGML events and conferences,
      implementation case studies, SGML tutorials, product news,
      interviews and other topics.  Current editors (1991) are Sharon
      C. Adler, Marion Elledge, Charles Goldfarb, Yuri Rubinsky and
      Ludo Van Vooren.  Current subscription prices (December 1990)
      are annual 75 dollars US for GCA members, 150 dollars for non-
      members in the US and Canada, 200 dollars for foreign
      subscribers, and 125 dollars for foreign GCA Members.  Other
      special offers are available with orders for back issues.  Six
      issues per year.  See entry <105> below for addresses and
      further information on the GCA.

<97>  SGML Users' Group Bulletin and
<98>  SGML Users' Group Newsletter

      The SGML Users' Group Bulletin (ISSN: 0269-2538) and SGML Users'
      Group Newsletter (ISSN: 0952-8008) are the primary publications
      sponsored by the International SGML Users' Group.  Both
      publications are included as benefits of membership in the SGML
      Users' Group.  The Newsletter appears as an 'occasional'
      publication (about quarterly) with approximately 20 pages per
      issue; the Bulletin is a more substantial, refereed publication
      that appears about semi-annually.  Joan Smith served as the
      first editor of the SGMLUG Newsletter, for about 4 years.
      Pamela Gennusa (Datalogics/Database Publishing Systems, Ltd.) is
      the current Newsletter editor, with Joan Smith and Yuri Rubinsky
      serving as corresponding editors.  Editorial responsibility for
      the Bulletin changes frequently.  See entry <106> below for
      addresses and further information on the International SGML
      Users' Group.

<99>  EPSIG News (ISSN 1042-3737).  EPSIG publishes the quarterly
      newsletter EPSIG News in support of the ANSI/NISO manuscript
      standard Z39.59-1988, and more generally in support of SGML.
      EPSIG News is mailed to members (annual dues 200 US dollars) and
      subscribers (annual dues 50 US dollars).  Articles carried in
      EPSIG News (especially press reports and major product
      announcements) are also sometimes printed in <TAG> and/or the
      SGMLUG Newsletter.  EPSIG News accepts advertising for SGML
      services and products, as well as classified advertising.  See
      entry <107> below for addresses and further information on
      EPSIG.

<100> SGML Report.  Occasional newsletter covering SGML.  Written by
      Pat Byrne, edited by Steve Goodyear.  Complimentary
      subscriptions available upon request.  Contact: AGFA CAPS; 200
      Ballardvale Street; Wilmington, MA  01887; (1 508) 658-5600.

<101> EuroCALS Newsletter.  The EuroCALS Newsletter is a publication
      of the CALS in Europe Special Interest Group, a SIG of the
      International SGML Users' Group.  ISSN: 0958-2711.  Contact:
      David Ardron, Secretary, CALS in Europe SIG; Ferranti Computer
      Systems Ltd,; Western Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 1RA;
      UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone]; TELEX:
      848117 FERBKL G.  Subscription rate (1991): 20 pounds UK.

<102> Barlow Report.  Occasional (quarterly) newsletter covering CALS
      and CALS-SGML.  Written by Bob Barlow, edited by Steve Goodyear.
      Complimentary subscriptions available upon request.  Contact:
      AGFA CAPS; 200 Ballardvale Street; Wilmington, MA  01887; (1
      508) 658-5600.

<103> CALS Journal.  Quarterly publication for the CALS community, new
      in 1992.  The editorial advisory board includes David Bettwy,
      Howard M. Bloom, Judith A. Fincher, Rear Adm. Roland G. Freeman
      III, Pamela Gennusa, Frank Gilbane, James E. Giles III, David
      Gunning, Donald Hall, Terry R. Savage, H. B. Stormfeltz.
      Contact: CALS Journal; 14407 Big Basin Way; Saratoga, CA 95070-
      6008; USA.  TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone].
      Subscription rate: 48 US dollars annual.

<104> CALS Report: Design, Implementation and Support Data for
      Concurrent Engineering and ILS. Monthly report on CALS,
      including CALS-SGML issues.  ISSN: 0897-991X. Edited by William
      G. Beazley.  Contact: CALS Report; Knowledge Base International;
      13939 Northwest Freeway, Suite 270; Houston, TX  77040; USA.
      TEL: [phone].  Subscription rate: 250 US dollars
      annual.


======================================================================
<S6>    SGML SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS AND SPECIAL INTEREST GROUPS
        (SIGS)
======================================================================

Contents:   *  Graphic Communications Association (GCA)
            *  SGML Users' Group (SGMLUG)
            *  Electronic Publishing Special Interest Group (EPSIG)
            *  SGML DSIG/DBSIG (Database Special Interest Group)
            *  SGML SIGhyper (Hypertext and Multimedia SIG)
            *  European Workgroup on SGML (EWS)
            *  CALS In Europe Special Interest Group

<105> Graphic Communications Association (GCA)

The GCA is a national affiliate of Printing Industries of America, and
is a leading SGML sponsor.  Historically, GCA executives have played
strategic leadership roles in promoting the development of the SGML
standard; cf. <36>.  Marion Elledge is the current Director of
Informatin Technologies; the GCA's current Board of Directors
(Information and Technologies track) in 1990 includes David Mayer
(Autotrol Technologies), Jon Slangerup (also Board Secretary; Federal
Express) and Yuri Rubinsky (President, SoftQuad).  GCA sponsors
numerous conferences, tutorials, workshops and seminars on SGML, CALS
and other technologies related to electronic publishing and
information processing. GCA's SGML events are announced in direct
mailings: its dedicated SGML newsletter <TAG>, in the occasional
newsletter TECHInfo: News for the Information Management Community,
and in a quarterly magazine Perspectives.  GCA events are also covered
in each issue of the SGML Users' Group Newsletter, and in EPSIG News.

The GCA distributes ISO documents and other SGML-related publications,
with preferential rates for GCA members.  Included are CALS
specifications packages and SGML "handbooks" by Martin Bryan, Eric van
Herwijnen, Joan Smith and Charles Goldfarb.  Also available is the
GCA's publication The SGML Source Guide. The Graphic Communications
Association's Guide to Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML)
Systems, Software, Service, Consultants, Seminars and Resources.
Edited by Marion Elledge. ISBN 0-933505-13-2.  See <134>.

Address: Graphic Communications Association; Attention: Marion Elledge
(Director, Information Technologies); 100 Daingerfield Road;
Alexandria, VA  22314 USA; TEL: [phone]; FAX [phone];
TELEX: 510-600-0889.

<106> SGML User's Group (SGMLUG)

The International SGML Users' Group was founded in 1984 by Joan M.
Smith, who served as its first president until 1990; the current
president editor is Pamela Gennusa of Datalogics and MID/Information
Logistics Group Ltd.  The objectives of the group are to promote the
use of the Standard Generalized Markup Language and to provide a forum
for exchange of information about SGML.  The Constitution of the SGML
Users' Group is published on pp. 7-8 of the SGML Users' Group
Newsletter 6 (November 1987); see also "SGML Users' Group
Constitution," SGML Users' Group Bulletin 1/1 (1986) 5-7; "Standard
Generalized Markup Language. Users' Group," Literary and Linguistic
Computing 3/1 (1988) 54.  Executive Council members for 1991 are as
follows. Officers: Pamela Gennusa (President), William W. Davis Jr.
(Vice President), Stephen G. Downie (Secretary), Francis J. Cave
(Treasurer); Members: Charles F. Goldfarb (Honarary Technical
Consultant), David W. Penfold (Bulletin Editor); Elected Members:
Sharon Adler, Marion Elledge, Paul Ellison, James D. Mason, Lynne
Price , Dieke van Wijnen.  For an address list of elected members,
national chapters, SIGs and pending chapters of the SGMLUG, see the
SGML Users' Group Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 9-11.

The Annual General Meeting (AGM) of the Users' Group is held in
conjunction with the International Markup Conference sponsored by the
Graphic Communications Association (GCA).  Regional and national
chapters and SIGs also meet occasionally throughout the year. There
are now several national chapters of SGMLUG (e.g., Dutch, German,
Japanese, Norwegian, Swiss, Canadian, New York) and several SGMLUG
SIGs (special interest groups, e.g., SGML Database SIG; SGML SIGhyper
- Hypertext and Multimedia; European Workshop on SGML).  Some of these
groups have dedicated serial publications in paper and electronic
format.

Membership in the SGMLUG includes up-to-date information about SGML
and related standards, reduced rates at events sponsored by the The
SGML Users' Group, a copy of each issue of the SGML Users' Group
Newsletter and SGML Users' Group Bulletin, discounts on books central
to SGML, and 10-percent discount for the MarkUp Conferences.  The
secretary of the SGML Users' Group maintains for members a
bibliography of other SGML-related publications in a document "SGML
Library," and will supply copies of these documents to group members.
These volumes include ISO standards documents and other SGML-related
publications available to members at discounted rates include:

Address: Mr. Stephen G. Downie; SGML Users' Group, Secretary; c/o
SoftQuad Inc.; 56 Aberfoyle Crescent, Suite 810; Toronto, Ontario;
Canada M8X 2W4; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone].

<107> Electronic Publishing Special Interest Group (EPSIG)

EPSIG (Electronic Publication Special Interest Group) is collaboration
between the AAP (with 250 member firms in the US) and OCLC (Online
Computer Library Center), serving 11,000 libraries.  EPSIG was invited
by the AAP to carry out development and promotion of the EPSIG/AAP
"Electronic Manuscript Standard" for the preparation, publication and
interchange of electronic manuscripts; see <53> above.  The primary
goals of EPSIG are to: (1) Promote the adoption and proliferation of
the Electronic Manuscript Standard; (2) Organize and present tutorials
and technical programs; (3) Provide an information clearinghouse for
documents pertaining to the Standard, EPSIG, and electronic
publishing; (4) Provide electronic mail to EPSIG members; (5) Provide
a toll-free helpline to provide advice and assistance with the
Standard; (6) Publish a quarterly newsletter; (7) Publish and sell
current and future EPSIG manuals related to the Standard; (8)
Coordinate standards input from members as revisions to the Standard
are required.

As of late 1991, electronic discussion lists were set up for committee
work on the Math and Tables specifications in the EMS.  The final
versions of this committee work will be submitted to be balloted as an
amendment to ANSI/NISO Z39.59-1988.  For the committee work on Math,
contact William B. Wolff of the American Mathematical Society (Email:
[e-mail]); for Tables, contact Paul Grosso of ArborText
([e-mail]).  See further in Paul Grosso's note, "First
Meeting of Math/Tables Update Committee Held," EPSIG News 4/4
(December 1991) 1-2.

EPSIG's newsletter EPSIG News is published quarterly (ISSN: 1042-
3737), and receipt of EPSIG News is a benefit of subscriber status.
EPSIG members receive discounts on SoftQuad and Software Exoterica
software products.  EPSIG Members also receive discounts at SGML
conferences sponsored by the GCA.  EPSIG promotes the EMS (American
National Standard for Electronic Manuscript Preparation and Markup.
(ANSI/NISO Z39.59-1988)) as well as several Guides and instructional
materials pertinent to electronic document preparation and data
interchange; see <54>, <55>, <56>, <57>.

Address: EPSIG (Electronic Publishing Special Interest Group);
Attention: Betsy Kiser, EPSIG Manager, MC 278; c/o OCLC; 6565 Frantz
Road; Dublin, OH  43017-0702 USA; TEL: [phone]; FAX: (614) 764-
6096.

<108> SGML Database Special Interest Group (DSIG or DBSIG)

The SGML DBSIG is an international effort loosely organized under the
SGML Users' Group and its national chapters for the development of
SGML(document) database strategies.

Contacts: Mr. Hans Mabelis; SGML DBSIG, Secretary; c/o Matrices
Software; Westeinde 14; 1017 ZP Amsterdam; THE NETHERLANDS; TEL: +31-
20-255-006; FAX: [phone];  Han Schouten, SGML DSIG; Research
Center for Technical and Physical Engineering in Agriculture (TFDL);
Mansholtlaan 12; 6700 AJ Wageningen; THE NETHERLANDS; TEL: +31-8370-
19143; FAX: [phone].

See: (1) Han Schouten, "SGML*CASE: The Storage of Documents in
Databases," SGML Users' Group Bulletin 4/1 (1989) 1-14;  (2) Han
Schouten, "Draft Tender re: Documents in Databases," SGML Users' Group
Newsletter 15 (January 1990) 12-14.  A major draft proposal for SGML
DSIG sponsored development of a prototype document processing
environment in which documents are stored as databases.  The
environment would support SGML, but also other SGML-related standards
like DSSSL -- "as an alternative for the sequential access strategy
characteristic of standard SGML."  Details on the objectives, tasks,
funding, deliverables, rights and duties of participants, project
management, (etc.) are described. Proposed tasks include specification
of a gross system architecture, definition of modelling techniques,
building and verifying semantic equivalence of all models with SGML
and DSSSL, facilities for loading SGML DTDs, facilities to unload DTDs
without loss of information, creation of a DTD editor, creation of a
structured document editor, building of retrieval facilities, building
a document formatter.

<109> SGML SIGhyper

The SGML Users' Group Special Interest Group on Hypertext and
Multimedia (SGML SIGhyper) is different from all other groups whose
focus is hypertext and multimedia theory, technology, and creativity.
The sole interest of SGML SIGhyper is the promulgation of information
about the "HyTime" Hypermedia/Time-based Structuring Language (ISO/IEC
Draft International Standard 10744), as a worldwide standard technical
framework for integrated open hypermedia.  As an application of SGML,
Hytime is a "standard neutral markup language for representing
hypertext, multimedia, hypermedia, and time- and space-based documents
in terms of their logical structure."  See further item <72>, "ISO/IEC
DIS 10744" above.  The organizers of SIGhyper hope that the
publishing, documentation, entertainment, education, and information
processing industries will evaluate HyTime as an appropriate standard
toward which they all can migrate in an orderly and profitable
fashion.  See: (1)  Steven R. Newcomb (et al.), "'HyTime': The
Hypermedia/Time-based Document Structuring Language," CACM 34/11
(November 1991) 67-83;  (2) on SMDL (Standard Music Description
Language), an application of HyTime, thus similarly based upon SGML:
Steven R. Newcomb, "Standard Music Description Language Complies with
Hypermedia Standard," IEEE Computer 24/7 (July 1991) 76-79.

The current (1991) chairman of SIGhyper is:  Steven R. Newcomb; c/o
TechnoTeacher, Inc.; 1810 High Road; Tallahassee, FL 32303-4408; USA;
TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone]; Internet: [e-mail].
The current (1991) vice chairman and maintainer of the SIGhyper on-
line library is: Erik Naggum; c/o Naggum Software; Box 1570 Vika;
0118; OSLO, NORWAY; Internet: [e-mail] OR [e-mail].
Current SIGhyper documents available for public access from the online
library are on the following hosts: ftp.ifi.uio.no:/SIGhyper and at
mailer.cc.fsu.edu:/pub/sgml.

<110> European Workgroup on SGML (EWS)

The EWS is a cooperative effort by publishers, database developers,
typesetters and other representatives from commercial and academic
sectors to produce standard DTDs for scientific articles.  The DTDs
are to be used to facilitate document interchange between researchers,
and between scholars and publishers.  The Workgroup is loosely
associated with the International SGML Users' Group.  For specific
details on the published MAJOUR DTDs and current work, see below entry
<132> subsection (b).

Questions regarding the full activities of the EWS may be directed to
Holger Wendt or Dieke van Wijnen.  Addresses: Holger Wendt; Springer
Verlag GmbH & Co. KG; Postfach 105280; Tiergartenstrasse 17; D-6900
Heidelberg 1; GERMANY; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone];
Email (BITNET) WENDT@DHDSPRI6;  Dieke van Wijnen; New Media
Department; Wolters Kluwer Academic Publishers; Spuiboulevard 50,
Postbus 989; 3300 AZ Dordrecht; THE NETHERLANDS; TEL: [phone];
FAX: [phone].  See further in: (1) "Report on the 5th MAJOUR-
body meeting of the European Workshop on SGML (EWS) at CERN, Geneva,
on 30-Sept-1991," (SGML PROJECT REPORT NO 5) by Paul Ellison,
Director-SGML Project, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER COMPUTER UNIT, 14 November
1991;  (2) "European Workshop on SGML," SGML Users' Group Newsletter
20 (September 1991) 22;  (3) "European Workgroup on SGML Plan to
Become SIG," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 19 (April 1991) 9; (4)
"European Workgroup to Publish Draft DTD for Scientific Articles,"
SGML Users' Group Newsletter 18 (November 1990) 13.

<111> CALS In Europe Special Interest Group

This SIG under the aegis of the International SGML Users' Group was
formed in 1989 under the leadership of Joan Smith.  See her article in
the inaugural issue of the main publication organ: "The Proposal to
Form a SIG for CALS in Europe," EuroCALS Newsletter 1 (September 1989)
2.  The objectives of the SIG are to acquaint all interested parties
with the requirements of the US DoD CALS program, and to provide
assistance in meeting those requirements. Membership in the SIG
includes copies of the Newsletter, reduced registration fee rates for
events sponsored by the SIG, and discounted rates for various other
CALS/SGML conferences.

Contact: David Ardron, Secretary, CALS in Europe SIG; Ferranti
Computer Systems Ltd,; Western Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 1RA;
UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone]; TELEX: 848117
FERBKL G.  Subscription rate (1991): 20 pounds UK.


=====================================================================
<S7>    SGML ELECTRONIC DISCUSSION FORUMS AND ONLINE SUPPORT CENTERS
=====================================================================

Contents:   * Usenet Newsgroup: comp.text.sgml
            * SGML Project, University of Exeter
            * TEI-L Discussion Forum
            * SGML-L Mailing List
            * MARKUP-L Discussion Forum
            * CALS-BBS

<112> Usenet Newsgroup: comp.text.sgml

The Usenet Newsgroup comp.text.sgml is a dedicated forum for
discussion of SGML and associated standards (ODA, SDIF, DSSSL, SPDL,
etc.).  It began in Fall 1990 thanks to the vision and energy of
Edward Vielmetti (University of Michigan Math Department, Ann Arbor,
MI; Internet: [e-mail]).  As of late 1991,
comp.text.sgml hosted the most concentrated and high-quality
electronic discussion of SGML on any academic network.  The discussion
group has support from a number of experts within the SGML community
(e.g., contributions from SoftQuad; Software Exoterica; Electronic
Book Technologies; Open Text Systems; InfoDesign; Naggum Software;
ArborText; Avalanche Corporation).  An introductory FAQ file on SGML
("Frequently Asked Questions") written for comp.text.sgml is noted
under section 1 above; cf. entry <29>.  The discussion forum is
accessible from any VAX, UNIX or other site which receives Usenet
News, viz, from among any of the 40,000 Usenet sites worldwide.
Software for reading News on a local system varies greatly; see your
local computer gurus.

Various sites archive the posting from comp.text.sgml in spool and
public archive areas, and sometimes with indexes.  The ARCHIE servers
may be used to locate such sites.  As of late 1991, some hosts were
listed as follows:

Host mcsun.eu.net   (192.16.202.1)
      Location: /newsarchive/comp/text/sgml
      DIRECTORY rwxrwxr-x      2048  Dec  4 23:53   sgml
Host aix370.rrz.uni-koeln.de   (134.95.136.1)
      Location: /usenet/comp.archives/text/sgml
      Location: /usenet/comp.archives/auto/comp.text.sgml
Host utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp   (133.11.11.11)
      Location: /misc
      DIRECTORY rwxrwxr-x       512  Oct 31 11:51   sgml
Host src.doc.ic.ac.uk   (146.169.3.7)
      Location: /usenet/comp.archives/text/sgml
      Location: /usenet/comp.archives/auto/comp.text.sgml
      Location: /.zapme/comp.archives/auto/comp.text.sgml
Host rusmv1.rus.uni-stuttgart.de   (129.69.1.12)
      Location: /soft/kommunikation/news/spool/comp/text/sgml
Host cs.dal.ca   (129.173.4.5)
      Location: /pub/comp.archives/comp.text.sgml
Host ftp.syd.dit.csiro.au   (130.155.128.3)
      Location: anonymous:[.comp_text_sgml]


<113> SGML Project, University of Exeter

In November, 1990, a two-year project was awarded by the UK
Information Systems Committee (formerly the Computer Board for
Universities and Research Councils) to the University of Exeter to
evaluate SGML products for use in UK Universities and Research Council
establishments.  The project staff are now located within the
University's Computer Unit and the project is directed by Paul
Ellison, a member of the relevant ISO working committee and a long-
time proponent of SGML.  The aims of the project are:  (1) to
investigate commercial products and review them for possible use in
the UK Academia; (2) to investigate the current use of SGML within and
without Academia; (3) to assess possible requirements for SGML systems
in UK Academia; (4) to investigate the required utilities (e.g.,
editors, translators, formatters) and make recommendations concerning
possible acquisition; (5) to define, in consultation with academic
users, a vocabulary of element and entity names and develop general
Document Type Definitions; (6) to maintain a library of DTDs; (7) to
function as a center for information on the use of SGML; (8) to
cooperate with AGOCG (the Advisory Board on Computer Graphics) in
increasing the awareness of SGML in Academia.  The project was first
proposed within the context of an AGOCG sponsored workshop on the use
of SGML in UK universities, organized by Anne Mumford of Loughborough
University.  SGML was one of the standards chosen by the AGOCG for
structuring and distribution of university-related information
containing graphics (research documents, teaching aids, view graphs).
A set of recommendations issued to the AGOCG and the UK academic
community called for such an initiative as Paul Ellison now directs
(information supplied by Anne Mumford and Paul Ellison).  The SGML
Project's host machine will be fully addressable for anonymous-FTP
from 01/01/92.  The machine's address will be:


         sgml1.ex.ac.uk (144.173.6.61) INTERNET
         uk.ac.exeter.sgml1  JANET

(N.B. the machine name sgml1 = "sgml_one")

A library of DTDs, tools etc. is to be created, and details of this
service will be widely publicized.  Any donations (of DTDs etc.), or
suggestions as to what this library should contain, would be most
welcome.

The SGML Users' Group Parser Materials (the ARCSGML v1.0 parser
toolkit, VM2 etc), are currently held on the SGML Project's host
machine.  Until 01/01/92 these are only available over JANET, via an
e-mail request (contact the Project for more details on both), or via
anonymous-FTP from other sites; see entry <118> below for a list of
anon-FTP sites hosting the ARC-SGML tools.

For academic and research sites within the UK, the SGML Project has
been given funding to make visits to give lectures, to run workshops,
or give advice on SGML implementation and use.  This service is
entirely free to such sites.

The SGML Project has published notices in all the university and
research institution site newsletters in the UK.  Currently it has a
mailing-list of 200+ contact names, and each will automatically
receive any updates, reports and notices produced by the Project.
Additional contact names are always welcome (any country).

To contact the SGML Project: Michael Popham; SGML Project; Computer
Unit - Laver Building; North Park Road; University of Exeter; Exeter
EX4 4QE; UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: [phone]; TEL: [phone];
FAX: [phone]; Email: (JANET): [e-mail] (Office);
(JANET): [e-mail] (Project Officer); Paul Ellison on
(JANET): [e-mail] (Project Director).

Further references: (1)  "The SGML Project."  SGML Users' Group
Newsletter 18 (November 1990) 13;  (2)  Advisory Group on Computer
Graphics.  Document Exchange: The Use of SGML in the UK Academic and
Research Community. Workshop Proceedings 5-7 March 1990.  Edited by
Anne Mumford.  See <28>: the volume's front matter contains the
recommendations proposed for the 'Exeter' SGML group.

<114> TEI-L Discussion Forum (on BITNET)

TEI-L is the electronic discussion forum for the international Text
Encoding Initiative, implementing SGML for markup of texts in academic
applications, particularly the humanities.  The list owners are
Michael Sperberg-McQueen and Lou Burnard, TEI editors.  TEI-L is the
primary electronic forum for the TEI, normally open for subscription
to all who request subscriber status; specialized forums hosted on the
same computer (TEI-REP, TEI-ANA, TEI-META, TEI-DOC) are normally
closed lists used by TEI subcomittees and working groups.  While the
TEI-L forum is not designated for discussing the theoretical and
practical merits of SGML per se, the TEI encoding is an implementation
of SGML, and thus some theoretical and practical discussions of SGML
will be heard.

Many SGML-related working papers and provisional DTDs are available in
conjunction with the archived TEI-L discussions.  Send email or postal
mail to Wendy Plotkin requesting document TEI A0, "Current Documents,"
which lists some 120 working papers, committee reports and minutes
records -- many of which address TEI-SGML issues.  Address: Wendy
Plotkin, Email (Internet): [e-mail], OR
[e-mail] OR [e-mail]; Postal: Wendy Plotkin,
TEI-Rm 168; UIC Computer Center; Computer Center (M/C 135); University
of Illinois at Chicago; Box 6998; Chicago, IL 60680.

If you wish to subscribe to the TEI-L electronic forum (there are no
subscription fees), send an interactive BITNET message, or (from a
BITNET site, or from one of the other public networks), send standard
mail to the BITNET address listserv@uicvm with the single line as the
first line (any subject line will be ignored):

            subscribe tei-l YOUR NAME

If you wish to obtain archived files from this discussion, send
interactive BITNET message or mail message to the BITNET address
listserv@uicvm with one or more lines patterned after this example
(for October, 1991 archive):

            get tei-l log9110

<115> SGML-L Mailing List (on BITNET)

BITNET: SGML-L@DHDURZ1

SGML-L was only minimally active through most of calendar 1991, but
showed some signs of vitality late in 1991.  The List Owners are
Joachim Lammarsch ([e-mail] or X33@DHDURZ1) and Mr. Holger
Wendt (WENDT@DHDSPRI6).  Mr. Wendt serves as the SGML-LIST editor.  To
subscribe to the mailing list, send an interactive BITNET message or
mail message (from any network) to the BITNET address listserv@dhdurz1
with the command:

            subscribe SGML-L YOUR NAME

substituting your personal name for "YOUR NAME."


<116> MARKUP-L (GLDV-AK fuer TEI-Guideline-Anpassung)

The objectives of the Goettingen-based GLDV-AK fuer TEI-Guideline-
Anpassung and associated MARKUP-L discussion list are given in a
poster submitted by Guenter Koch, 8-October-1991, "Mitgliederbrief und
Protokoll der konstituierenden Sitzung des GLDV-Arbeitskreises:
'Kodierung und Normung maschinenlesbarer Texte,' Universitaet Trier am
27.9.1991, 14.-15.30 Uhr."  These objectives relate primarily to the
evaluation and use of TEI (and SGML) encoding standards within the
German research comunity, but the discussions and resources will be of
broader interest, covering such areas as TEI applied to machine-
readable lexica, hypermedia, and non-Roman languages (e.g., Sanskrit).
The role of the discussion group in particular is described as
follows:

"Um eine schnelle und kostenguenstige Kommunikation zwischen den
Teilnehmern des Arbeitskreises zu ermoeglichen, haben wir auf dem
Listserver [e-mail] eine Liste mit dem Namen MARKUP-L
eingerichtet. Sie soll dazu dienen, Fragen bei der Arbeit mit SGML und
den TEI-Richtlinien zu diskutieren, Erfahrungen mit Programmen
auszutauschen und Einschaetzungen einschlaegiger Buecher
weiterzugeben. Auch arbeitskreisinterne, organisatorische Nachrichten,
z.B. wo und wann ein naechstes Arbeitskreistreffen stattfindet, sollen
ueber die Liste verbreitet werden. Des weiteren enthaelt die Liste
eine Reihe Dateien, die von den TEI-L und anderen fachlich
benachbarten Kommunikationslisten stammen und nuetzliches
Arbeitsmaterial bieten, so die TEI DTDs, Bibliographien zu SGML, zum
Thema Hypertext und SGML etc."  The two list owners are Guenter Koch,
GWD Goettingen (BITNET: GKOCH@DGOGWDG1) and Peter Scherber, GWD
Goettingen (BITNET: PSCHERB@DGOGWDG1).

The LISTSERVer may be addressed via its BITNET address
(LISTSERV@DGOGWDG1) or by the Internet address ([e-mail])
using standard LISTSERVer commands: sub markup-l <your name>, index
markup-l, review markup-l, get <filename filetype>, etc.  The
LISTSERVer currently (December 1991) contains general information
files on TEI, SGML (bibliography), DTDs from TEI phase 1 work, and
discussion logs.


<117> CALS-BBS

The primary CALS(-SGML) documents are alluded to above; see <61>.
Several of these CALS-specific SGML documents and related information
files are available via telephone dialup or Internet anonymous-FTP.
Of special interest are MIL-M-28001 SGML and MIL-M-28001A SGML (Markup
Requirements and Generic Style Specification for Electronic Printed
Output and Exchange of Text), held in ASCII file format and containing
relevant parsable DTDs.  The file server also contains electronic
information and/or full text for: (1) MIL-HDBK-59A;  (2) MIL-STD-1840A
"Automated Interchange of Technical Information";  (3) MIL-D-28000
"Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES);  (4) MIL-R-28002
Group 4 Raster;  (5) MIL-D-28003 Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM).
Amendments for some of these items are also on the server.

Direct access to the files (but without BBS interface) is via
anonymous-FTP: FTP to durer.cme.nist.gov (129.6.32.4) and 'cd' to
pub/cals.  The subdirectories are: 1840a; 28000; 28000a; 28001; 28002;
28003; 28003a; 59a; arc; autocom; brochure; bulletin; cals-net; cals-
rpt; citis; ctn; expo91; ietm; isg; misc; scenario -- where content is
readily discernible.  Files are held in ASCII, WordPerfect and other
binary formats as appropriate.  In the subdirectory 28001, for
example, one would find the following files: 28001a.exe; 38784-v2.exe;
38784pid.exe; app-a10-.exe; app-a50.exe; app-a70a.exe; app-a70b.exe;
app-a70c.exe; app-a80.exe; app-b10-.exe; app-b50.exe; app-b70.exe;
app-b80.exe; app-b90.exe; app-c10-.exe; app-d10-.exe; app-d50.exe;
dtds.exe; m28001a.exe; os-pid.exe; pid-fos.exe; read.me; temp-fos.exe;
temp-pid.exe.  The files '<filename>.exe' are self-extracting
compressed files that may be unpacked on an MS-DOS machine simply by
typing the <filename>.

Direct dialup for the BBS is supported for phone via (1 301) 948-8966
(a four line rotary); or (via Internet) TELNET to 129.6.32.173 and
follow the login instructions.   The BBS Main Menu contains seven
areas: 1 - Meetings and Conferences; 2 - Special Announcements; 3 -
CALS Information Sources; 4 - Standards News; 5 - Technology News; 6 -
BBS Operation and Software; 7 - SME & SOLE Bulletins.   CALS-MIL-STD
documents are online, available for downloading: Directory  1. - CALS
MIL-SPECS, MIL-STDS, & MIL-HDBKS; Directory  2. - DOD Publications
About CALS Program; Directory 3. - Standards Activities Information;
Directory 4. - Miscellaneous Information.  Also included in the BBS
support is a file on CALS-Related Software Packages, maintained by the
Tech Transfer Committee of the DOD/ISG Small Business Task Group.  For
questions about the CALS-BBS, contact Dave Bettwy via email, the CALS
BBS message system, or by telephone at (1 301) 975-6641.


============================================================
<S8>    ENTRY-LEVEL SGML PARSERS AND RELATED SGML SOFTWARE
============================================================

INTRODUCTION:  No opinions, judgments, recommendations or warranties
are offered with respect to the SGML products noted below.  The
selection reflects a simple, minimal goal of pointing the interested
beginner to some low-cost, entry-level (PC and Macintosh
microcomputers) SGML tools, and to public domain sources which may be
freely used or modified in experimentation. Special place is given to
ARC-SGML and derivative materials, since they have generously been
placed (via liberal license terms) into 'public domain.'

Anyone wishing to evaluate SGML software for commercial or large-scale
production purposes should follow normal industry standards in making
such evaluation.  Three published resources described under section 9
below may be of assistance: (1) The SGML Source Guide <134>, edited
for the GCA by Marion Elledge, supplies summary information on SGML
products and services; (2) Bibliography on SGML (Standard Generalized
Markup Language) and Related Issues <133>, Cover/Duncan/Barnard,
contains 117 entries on SGML products, services, and development
projects; (3) SGML Products and Services <135>, compiled for the CALS
in Europe SIG by Joan Smith, covers CALS-SGML software.  A technical
report prepared by Nicholas Duncan for the TEI summarized major
companies/products in the SGML arena: Nicholas Duncan, "Companies
Producing SGML-Related Products," TEI Syntax and Metalanguage
Committee, Technical Report TEI MLP28 (October 2, 1990); the document
is available from Wendy Plotkin; see <114>.  Other primary resources
are the seasonal and annual trade shows, SGML workshops, (GCA) TechDoc
conferences, (GCA) MarkUp and SGML Conferences and other electronic
publishing events.  Printed resources include the trade publications
and dedicated SGML newsletters, which regularly feature new SGML
software products: CALS Report, SGML Report, SGML Users' Group
Newsletter ("New Products and Services" section), SGML Users' Group
Bulletin, CALS Journal, EuroCALS Newsletter, <TAG>, EPSIG News,
Seybold Report on Publishing Systems, Release 1.0, etc.  Included in
the online CALS-BBS support is a file on CALS-Related Software
Packages, maintained by the Tech Transfer Committee of the DOD/ISG
Small Business Task Group: anon-FTP to durer.cme.nist.gov
(129.6.32.4), and get the file pub/cals/bulletin/bullet51. See more at
<117>.

A large proportion of serious (industry, government, academic) SGML
work is carried out on workstations, mini- and mainframe computers.
These SGML-aware editors, transducers, translators and other
facilities are numerous, and in general could not be evaluated here.
For a summary of some SGML-aware editors, see: Dale Waldt, "Overview
of SGML-Smart Text Editors," <TAG> 17 (December 1990) 12-15; he
reviews IBM TextWrite; Datalogics WriterStation; SoftQuad
Author/Editor; Yard Software Write-It; Software Exoterica CheckMark).
The parsers and other software resources noted below are these:

* ARC-SGML
    -Original ARC-SGML 'VM2' Release for MS-DOS, with C-Sources and
        Documentation by Charles Goldfarb
    -UNIX port of ARC-SGML, by James Clark
    -'SGMLS' version of ARC-SGML, by James Clark
    -Macintosh port of ARC-SGML, by Wally Wedel
* Amsterdam (Free University) Parser
* Software Exoterica (XGML Validator; XGML Normalizer, XGML
        Translator, XGML OmniMark)
* SEMA Group/Yard Software Systems Limited (Mark-It Light)
* SoftQuad (Author/Editor)
* E2S (EASE -- E2S Advanced SGML Editor)
* Electronic Book Technologies (MS-Windows) DynaText SGML
        Browse/Search
* Avalanche Development Company (FastTag, IMSYS) - Intelligent
        Autotagging
* qwertz/FORMAT -- SGML to LaTeX (and nroff/troff) Translator
* NIST "SGML parser materials"
* Public DTD Collections

<118>   ARC-SGML

<119>   Original ARC-SGML 'VM' Release for MS-DOS, with C-Sources and
        Documentation by Charles Goldfarb

In July 1991, a significant set of SGML Parser Materials was made
available via the SGML Users Group (SGMLUG).  The materials consist of
source code (in C), executable binary (for PCs), examples, and
documentation. The SGMLUG has been granted "an irrevocable, royalty-
free, worldwide, non-exclusive license to use, execute, reproduce,
display, perform and distribute copies of, and to prepare derivative
works based upon these materials; and the right to authorize others to
do any of the foregoing".

The grantor of the license to the SGMLUG, who has chosen to remain
anonymous, does not warrant the Parser Materials in any way.  Dr.
Charles Goldfarb, the Honorary Technical Consultant to the SGMLUG, has
created some documentation to introduce the materials.

The SGML Project at the University of Exeter has agreed to make the
Parser Materials and the associated README file available on the
academic network, and to act as a collector of enhancements and
changes to them.

Reviews of the parser appeared on the Usenet Newsgroup comp.text.sgml
in July-August 1991 by François Chahuneau, AIS/Berger Levrault;
Michael Sperberg-McQueen University of Illinois at Chicago; David G.
Durand ([e-mail]) Boston University Computer Science.  The Exeter
group and David Durand are keeping lists of bug reports,
modifications, etc.

If you are in the UK and have access to JANET, you may use blue book
file transfer to obtain the files from uk.ac.exeter.sgml1; use the
following address and protocol: uk.ac.exeter.sgml1  username:sgmlbox,
password:sgmlbox.  If you have any problems contact [e-mail],
or phone [phone], or fax [phone].  Exeter plans to
have anonymous-FTP support by the end of calendar 1991.

The summary above was adapted from a public posting by Paul Ellison to
TEI-L, 18-July-1991.  Fuller description may be found in the
associated README files on the relevant file servers, and in "SGML
Parser Materials Donated to [the] SGML Users' Group," SGML Users'
Group Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 3-4.

The ARC-SGML parser materials are available via anonymous FTP from
several sites, typically under a directory ARC-SGML:

Host sgml1.ex.ac.uk (144.173.6.61)
    Or uk.ac.exeter.sgml1 on JANET - see <113> above
    Location /sgmlbox
Host mailer.cc.fsu.edu   (128.186.6.103)
    Location: /pub/sgml/ARC-SGML
Host ftp.ifi.uio.no      (129.240.88.1)
    Location: /pub/SIGhyper/ARC-SGML/distrib
Host src.doc.ic.ac.uk    (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /text/sgml
    DIRECTORY rwxr-xr-x    512  Dec 13 05:03   ARC-SGML

<120>   UNIX Port of ARC-SGML, by James Clark

The sources included in ARC-SGML have been modified to facilitate
compiling under UNIX (James Clark); the sources and patches are
available on several anonymous-FTP hosts.  The filename is typically:
arcsgml-1.0jclark.tar.Z or something similar.

Host mailer.cc.fsu.edu   (128.186.6.103)
    Location: /pub/sgml/ARC-SGML.UNIX
    FILE rw-r--r-- 289727  Aug  5 11:19   arcsgml-1.0jclark.tar.Z
Host src.doc.ic.ac.uk    (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /text/sgml/ARC-SGML.UNIX
    FILE rw-r--r-- 289727  Aug  5 11:19   arcsgml-1.0jclark.tar.Z
Host nic.funet.fi        (128.214.6.100)
    Location: /pub/languages/sgml
    FILE  rw-rw-r-- 289727  Aug  4 16:17  arcsgml-1.0jclark.tar.Z
Host ftp.ifi.uio.no      (129.240.88.1)

<121>   'SGMLS' Version of ARC-SGML, by James Clark

"A beta-test version of sgmls, a SGML parser derived from the ARCSGML
parser materials, is now available for anonymous ftp. . .  Sgmls
outputs a simple, line oriented, ASCII representation of a SGML
document's Element Structure Information Set, which can easily be
parsed by awk, perl, C or whatever.  The idea is that sgmls can be
used as the front end for a structure-controlled SGML application.

It is primarily intended for Unix systems, but it works also on MS-
DOS.  I've tested it on the following architecture/OS/compiler
combinations: sparc/SunOS 4.1.1/cc, sparc/SunOS 4.1.1/gcc,
386/SVR3.2/cc, 286/MS-DOS/Borland C++ 2.0.  It should be
straightforward to port to most systems that have 8-bit bytes and a
character set consistent with ISO 646 IRV.

(The beta version of sgmls (arguably) contains minor bugs which
prevent it from being fully conforming, but the author "aims to make
sgmls fully conforming to ISO 8879.")

Adapted from a posting by James Clark: [e-mail] (James Clark) to
Usenet Newsgroup comp.text.sgml; Subject: sgmls available; Date: 28-
Oct-91.

Provisionally (December 1991) 'sgmls' is available on several anon-FTP
hosts:

Host ftp.ifi.uio.no      (129.240.88.1)
    Location: /SIGhyper/ARC-SGML/jclark
    FILE      r--r--r--    757760  Oct 28 18:23   sgmls-0.3.tar
Host mailer.cc.fsu.edu      (128.186.6.103)
    Location: /pub/sgml/jclark
    FILE      rw-r--r--    249967  Oct 29 11:35   sgmls-0.3.tar.Z
Host utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp  (133.11.11.11)
    Location: /misc/sgml
    FILE      rw-r--r--    249967  Oct 31 11:46   sgmls-0.3.tar.Z
Host src.doc.ic.ac.uk       (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /other3/text/sgml/jclark
    FILE      r--r--r--    249967  Oct 29 11:35   sgmls-0.3.tar.Z
Host isfs.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp   (130.54.20.1)
    Location: /ftpmail/utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/misc/sgml
    FILE      rw-rw-r--    249967  Dec 19 19:31   sgmls-0.3.tar.Z
Host puffin.doc.ic.ac.uk   (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /text/sgml/jclark
    FILE      r--r--r--    249967  Oct 29 11:35   sgmls-0.3.tar.Z


<122>   Macintosh Port of ARC-SGML, by Wally Wedel

According to a posting to Usenet Newsgroup comp.text.sgml by Wally
Wedel (31-December-1991), a version of ARC-SGML ported to the
Macintosh platform is available via anonymous-FTP from the site
rascal.ics.utexas.edu.  The path to 'rascal' is not clearly indicated,
but the archive files are available on several other servers, as
listed below.

"I have recently finished porting ARC SGML 1.0 as released by the SGML
Users' Group to the Apple Macintosh environment. This archive is being
released to the InterNet community on an as-is, no-support basis. The
Compactor archive has been submitted to rascal.ics.utexas.edu. . ."

"ARC SGML 1.0 for the Macintosh:  This archive is a port of an SGML
parser called ARC SGML to the Apple Macintosh environment. Original
sources of this parser are available from the SGML Users Group and
various FTP sites around the world. Users should read the document
LICENSE.DOC in the docs directory to determine the legal status of the
original code.  My modifications impose no further restrictions on
use. This code is supplied on an as-is basis with no warranties of any
kind. . ."

"This code does contain errors. James Clark has caught and fixed some
in his SGMLS code for UNIX. There are no doubt more. Moreover this
code is not for the beginner or the timid. A copy of the SGML Handbook
by your side when working with it is highly recommended. . .This port
has been a 'spare time' project to take a close look at the
implementation.  I have no plans for further enhancements in spite of
the appearance of the todo list in the docs directory."

"This archive unpacks a folder which I maintain inside my MPW Folder
hierarchy. I build the Think C version by copying the vm.9 project and
the sources from sgmlc and sgmlh into a folder named ARC SGML in my
Think C Development folder. . . A good place to start reading about
this port is the document 'Macintosh port' in the docs directory."

(Wally Wedel 12/30/91.  Archive Name: ARC SGML 1.0.sea)

Contact: Wally Wedel; U S WEST Advanced Technologies; 4001 Discovery
Drive, Suite 390; Boulder, CO 80303  USA; Email (Internet):
[e-mail]; AppleLink: D5100; TEL: [phone]

Anonymous-ftp locations for ARC-SGML.MAC are (or were -- use ARCHIE):

Host mailer.cc.fsu.edu   (128.186.6.103)
    Location: /pub/sgml/ARC-SGML.MAC
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  7 14:25   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host sumex-aim.stanford.edu   (36.44.0.6)
    Location: /info-mac/app
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host nro.cs.athabascau.ca   (131.232.1.1)
    Location: /wuarchive/mirrors/info-mac/app
    FILE      r--r--r--    461687  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host lth.se   (130.235.16.3)
    Location: /pub/mac/info-mac/app
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  5 01:18   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host src.doc.ic.ac.uk   (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /text/sgml/ARC-SGML.MAC
    FILE      r--r--r-- 404959  Jan  7 14:25   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /micros/mac/sumex/app
    FILE      r--r--r-- 404959  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /mac/sumex/app
    FILE      r--r--r-- 404959  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /micros/mac/umich/etc/compsci
    FILE   r--r--r-- 391587  Jan  5 07:06   arcsgml1.0.cpt.hqx.Z
    Location: /mac/umich/etc/compsci
    FILE r--r--r--    391587  Jan  5 07:06   arcsgml1.0.cpt.hqx.Z
Host puffin.doc.ic.ac.uk   (146.169.3.7)
    Location: /text/sgml/ARC-SGML.MAC
    FILE   r--r--r--    404959  Jan  7 14:25   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /micros/mac/sumex/app
    FILE   r--r--r--    404959  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /mac/sumex/app
    FILE   r--r--r--    404959  Jan  3 12:27   arc-sgml-10.hqx.Z
    Location: /micros/mac/umich/etc/compsci
    FILE   r--r--r-- 391587  Jan  5 07:06   arcsgml1.0.cpt.hqx.Z
    Location: /mac/umich/etc/compsci
    FILE r--r--r--    391587  Jan  5 07:06   arcsgml1.0.cpt.hqx.Z
Host sics.se   (192.16.123.90)
    Location: /pub/info-mac/app
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  8 05:14   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host shark.mel.dit.csiro.au   (144.110.16.11)
    Location: /info-mac/app
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  4 10:32   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host ditmela.mel.dit.csiro.au   (144.110.16.11)
    Location: /info-mac/app
    FILE      rw-r--r--    461687  Jan  4 10:32   arc-sgml-10.hqx
Host wuarchive.wustl.edu (128.252.135.4)
    Location /mirrors/info-mac/app
    FILE -r--r--r-- archive  461687 Jan  3 06:27 arc-sgml-10.hqx


<123>   Amsterdam (Free University) Parser

A description of the Amsterdam Parser (ASP) is found in the article
cited sub section 1 above, <45>. "The Amsterdam SGML Parser uses an
LL(1) parser generator, notably LLgen, for both DTD and document
parsing. Actually, SGML is not LL(1), [so the developers] used the
'conflict resolvers' from LLgen to overcome the problems [they] came
across."  Questions regarding the parser and its current status might
best be directed to the Vrije Universiteit: Prof. Dr. J.C. van Vliet,
Internet email: [e-mail].  As a last resort, contact Jos Warmer
at PTT Research (no longer at VU): [e-mail] OR possibly
[e-mail].

The Amsterdam Parser is available via anonymous-FTP on the hosts
listed below, though support for the parser (obtained in this manner)
should not necessarily be expected.

Host star.cs.vu.nl        (130.37.24.6)
    DIRECTORY rwxr-xr-x       512  Aug  7 10:34   Sgml
    FILE      rw-r--r--    419803  Aug  7 10:23   Sgml.tar.Z
Host nic.funet.fi         (128.214.6.100)
    Location: /pub/languages/sgml
    FILE      rw-r--r--    419803  Aug 12 02:14   Sgml.tar.Z
Host isfs.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp   (130.54.20.1)
    Location: /ftpmail/ftp.ricoh.co.jp/pub/misc/sgml
    FILE      rw-rw-r--    419803  Dec 18 17:44   Sgml.tar.Z
Host theta.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp   (130.69.48.4)
    Location: /sgml
    FILE      rw-rw-r--    419803  Dec 13 13:12   Sgml.tar.Z


<124>   Software Exoterica - XGML Validator (XGML Normalizer, XGML
        Translator, XGML OmniMark)

An entry-level validating SGML parser distributed by EPSIG and GCA for
just sixty-five (65) US dollars is Software Exoterica's Validator(tm).
XGML Validator is an application of Software Exoterica's XGML
Translator, and contains a subset of features implemented in the
fully-functional XGML Normalizer and XGML Tester.  Validator is a
batch SGML parser with error detection but no entity expansion or
normalization features.  XGML Normalizer also produces a version of
the document with all shortrefs and entities expanded; Tester will
generate an even more detailed version of the document in various
formats, including the format suggested by the newest ISO standard for
conformance testing.  The Validator parser validates SGML
declarations, DTDs and document instances: it detects all errors in a
single pass, reports errors in a diagnostic transcript, recovers
intelligently from errors and always parses the full document.
Validator requires a PC (MS-DOS) with 386 CPU and at least 4 megabytes
of memory.

See further description in: (1) "EPSIG Sells XGML Validator," The
Seybold Report on Publishing Systems 20/9 (January 28 1991) 28;  (2)
"EPSIG and GCA Selling Exoterica Validator," SGML Users' Group
Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 32-33, or (3) <TAG> 17 (December 1990)
4, or EPSIG News 3/4 (December 1990) 9.  Ordering from GCA or EPSIG:
EPSIG; c/o OCLC, Mail Code 278; 6565 Frantz Road; Dublin, OH 43017-
0702; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone].  GCA address:
Graphic Communications Association; 100 Daingerfield Road, Alexandria,
VA 22314; TEL: [phone]; Telex: 510-600-0889; FAX: (1 703)
548-2867.

Software Exoterica's related products include an SGML editor and
several tools for SGML translation/transduction.  (1) XGML CheckMark
is a full-screen SGML editor available for the Mac II.  It was
originally developed as a conversion tool, but can be used for a
variety of authoring/writing tasks.  CheckMark uses actual DTDs, not
rules files, and can validate documents while they are being edited.
Tags may be entered into documents from menus or directly from the
keyboard.  (2) XGML Translator is an SGML-based string transducer
which uses a string conversion language called XTRAN.  Translator is
available for Unix systems and 386 DOS microcomputers.  Translator's
functions are up-, down-, context- and cross-translations -- creating
various kinds of SGML <<->> non-SGML conversions of documents and
structured information.  Exoterica considers XGML Translator
appropriate for third generation applications.  See Brian Travis,
"Review of the Exoterica XGML Translator," <TAG> 17 (December 1990) 5-
11.  (3) XGML OmniMark is Exoterica's tool for fourth generation
applications using markup languages.  OmniMark script-writing and
document translation facilities can be used to convert SGML documents
to input languages of other languages, and to convert the output
languages of other to SGML-defined languages (e.g., AAP, CALS), and to
convert between arbitrary languages and data formats.  OmniMark is
available for MS-DOS (386-class machines), Microsoft Windows 3.0,
OS/2, Macintosh, SCO UNIX, DEC VAX, and most UNIX systems.  See EPSIG
News 4/4 (December 1991) 5-6.

Queries about XGML Validator and the full line of Exoterica's XGML
products may be directed to: Software Exoterica Corporation; 383
Parkdale Avenue, Suite 406; Ottawa, Ontario; CANADA K1Y 4R4; TEL: 1-
613-722-1700; TEL: [phone] (1-800-565-XGML); FAX: [phone]-
5706.

<125>   SEMA Group/Yard Software Systems Limited (Mark-It Light)

Mark-It Light is a "low cost" entry-level validating parser from the
SEMA Group, and runs on MS-DOS 286 and 386 class microcomputers.  It
is based upon the so-called Sobemap parser, named after the European
company now known as the SEMA Group.  Mark-It Light supports a subset
of features found in SEMA's fuller Mark-It package.  Mark-It includes,
as part of the package, a structured document editor called Write-It,
which is equivalent to IBM's TextWrite and SoftQuad's Author/Editor.
The Mark-It parser supports SGML more completely than most other SGML
parsers: multiple concurrent documents, subdocuments, data tags,
attributes, marked sections, rank, tag omission (minimization), short
tags, short references, formal public identifiers, model inclusions,
links (simple, implicit and explicit links).  Additionally, Mark-It
uses SGML together with a regular expression pattern recognizer to
control the process of converting files both into and out of SGML
form: "users can easily convert to and from TeX, including the LaTeX
and JLaTeX forms, without having to be provided with a preconfigured
TeX conversion package."   Other components in the suite include
Parse-It (file creator and parser), Compile-It (SGML DTD compiler for
Write-It) and Lisp-It (an SGML-aware interpreter useful for
applications development).  Compiled versions of Mark-It and related
tools are also available for UNIX and most mainframe computers, while
C source code is available to OEM developers.

The Mark-It Light parser itself thus supports basic validation: markup
using the complete range of tag minimization features (data tagging,
SGML tag ranking option), and interactive correction of markup errors;
it also provides access to the full set of 256 character codes
(extended ASCII).  See: (1) "Yard Release[s] Mark-It Light," SGML
Users' Group Newsletter 18 (November 1990) 22;  (2)  "Mark-It Light,"
EPSIG News 4/1 (March 1991) 4;  (3) Martin Bryan and Ed Warnshuis,
"Comments from our readers (letter to the editor)."  The Seybold
Report on Publishing Systems 20/10-11 (February 25, 1991) 2-4;   (4)
"Five New Products from Sema," EPSIG News 4/3 (September 1991) 7.

Contacts: In Europe, Products Manager; SEMA Group Systems Ltd.;
Avonbridge House, Bath Road, Chippenham, Wiltshire SN15 2BB; TEL +44-
249-656-194 (Paul Moorhead); FAX [phone]; or, Martin Bryan;
Yard Software Systems; 29 Oldbury Orchard; Churchdown; Glos GL3 2PU,
UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: [phone]; or Griet Descheemaeker; SEMA
Group Belgium; Place du Champ de Mars 5; Boite 40;B-1050 Brussels;
BELGIUM; TEL: [phone];  In the US: John W. Oster II; Yard
Software USA; 125 North Main Street; Bel Air, MD 21014; TEL: 301/838-
1911; FAX: [phone].

<126>   SoftQuad (Author/Editor)

Transparent SGML parsing facilities are incorporated into SoftQuad's
popular Author/Editor and related SGML products.  Author/Editor (A/E)
is an SGML(-aware) text editor and word-processor used as a major
component in electronic publishing by a wide range of developers.
Author/Editor uses pre-compiled DTDs rather than directly-editable
ASCII DTD files (viz, DTDs based upon the AAP tagsets, CALS-SGML DTDS,
ATA DTDs, or other DTDs shipped with A/E).  Users who wish to
customize standard DTDs or build new DTDs rely upon a second SoftQuad
product, RulesBuilder (or its batch counterpart, 'buildRules').  The
user is informed by A/E of all legal tags at any given point in the
text by means of pull-down menus, from which the tags may be selected.
Valid SGML document structure (i.e., conforming to the rules file) is
enforced because it is not possible to type SGML tags directly into
the file.  Recent (1991) enhancements to A/E include a macro
programming language (Scheme, based upon LISP), a new tables editor
and graphics module.  A/E interfaces with a number of other related
products to support text and graphics formatting of the SGML files
(SoftQuad Publishing Software). A/E is currently (1991) supported for
both Apple Macintosh and DOS (MS-Windows), as well as for SunOS,
Ultrix, Sun Open Windows, DEC Motif, etc.  Prices (1991, with 12-month
support contract) are about 1995 dollars US (DOS), 3295 dollars US
(UNIX) and 1695 dollars US (Mac), though academic discounts will
likely be arranged.  See further description: (1) "SoftQuad
Author/Editor: An SGML Context-sensitive Text Entry System." Pp. 99-
103 in Tools for Humanists, 1989. A Guidebook to the Software and
Hardware Fair Held in Conjunction with the Dynamic Text [6-9 June 1989
Toronto].  Toronto, Ontario: Centre for Computing in the Humanities,
1989;  (2) "SoftQuad - New Language/Platform,"  SGML Users' Group
Newsletter 19 (April 1991) 21; (3) "SoftQuad Adds Table Editor," EPSIG
News 4/4 (December 1991) 4.

Contact: In North America: SoftQuad Inc.; 56 Aberfoyle Crescent, Suite
810; Toronto, Ontario; Canada M8X 2W4; TEL: [phone]; +1-800-
387-2777; FAX: [phone].  Email: [e-mail] (David Slocombe).
In Europe: Open Information Technology (UK) Ltd.; Marble Arch; King
Street; Knutsford; Cheshire WA16 6HD; UNITED KINGDOM; TEL: +44 565
50021; FAX: [phone].

<127>   E2S (EASE -- E2S Advanced SGML Editor)

"EASE enables the production of Basic SGML documents (see clause
15.1.1 of ISO 8879), using any PC running DOS 3.30 (or higher) and
with 550 kB free memory.  It also runs on UNIX graphical workstations,
under X-windows.  EASE consists of two integrated parts, the DTD-
editor and the DI-Editor, both of which offer on-line and context-
sensitive control and help in the use of SGML (syntax- oriented
editing). They also offer on-line, context-sensitive (and hypertext-
like) help in the use of the editors themselves.  The user interface
is window-based, with pull-down menus for the various
options/functions -- which can be accessed not only via the mouse, but
also via the keyboard or function keys.  All nine official languages
of the E.C. are supported simultaneously, and unformatted output can
be sent straight to an ASCII or PostScript printer.  On the PC
version, individual copies of the software require a protection key
(dongle) to be fitted to the Centronics (parallel) port."

"The DTD-editor is used to create, edit, validate and compile DTDs for
use with the DI-editor.  Inexperienced users can use options from the
pull-down menus to build DTDs, whilst others can enter the text
directly (with DTD-editor automatically picking up any syntactic
errors).  Other DTDs stored in plain ASCII files, can be imported into
the DTD-editor for parsing, validation, and compilation (provided that
they conform to the requirements suitable for producing Basic SGML
documents).  On the basis of the (compiled) DTD, the DI-editor
displays the elements for the minimal logical structure of a document
of that type.  Users may then either edit the logical structure of the
document (all actions being checked for semantic correctness), or
select appropriate elements and swap into the text window for data
entry (and/or the entry of further valid elements).  It is also
possible to import a plain text file, conforming to ISO 2022, and add
valid markup according to the DTD; the resulting  document will be a
validated Basic SGML document (extended for multilinguism)."

Reference: "New SGML Editor from E2S," EPSIG News 4/3 (September 1991)
6-7.

Normal licence fees: are 1,250 dollars US (PC); 6,500 dollars US,
(workstation); University licence fees: PC: 125 dollars US + medium,
documentation, administration and shipment: 500 dollars US;
Workstation: 650 dollars US + medium, documentation, administration
and shipment: 500 dollars US.  This information thanks to Caroline de
Vleeschauwer (Email: [e-mail], Date: Thu, 19 Dec 91)

Contact: Joost CARDOEN, Managing Director, E2S, Moutstraat 100; B-9000
Gent, Belgium, TEL: [phone], FAX: [phone], e-mail:
[e-mail]; OR Ronny Verkest, Sales Manager; E2S; Moutstraat 100; B-
9000 Gent; Belgium; TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone]; Email:
[e-mail] (Internet).

<128>   Electronic Book Technologies (MS-Windows) DynaText SGML
        Browse/Search

DynaText supports SGML document indexing/searching/browsing and is
implemented for MS-DOS (Windows), as well as for various UNIX
platforms. It allows users to read, query, dynamically display and
annotate electronic "books" or other structured information.  DynaText
uses SGML element tags to automatically generate hyperlinks to
associated material such as diagrams, tables, and explicit cross
references; it allows users to add their own link types/behavior
through simple style sheet entries.

Electronic style sheets are held in ascii-editable files with SGML
syntax.  This mechanism can be employed by users who want to create
dynamic multi-media documents.  Style definitions may be used to set
the display characteristics (font type, size, color) including
visibility or suppression of each SGML element.  The principle of
conditional visibility of elements (and element classes) in response
to style sheets and icon clicks permits rapid customization of
electronic books where a variety of document editions is desired.

DynaText builds a full text index of the SGML document and (unlike
other indexers that simply report occurrences within an entire
document) can report occurrences within SGML components.  Hit-list
statistics for each document section provides an unprecedented level
of search precision that enables users to find terms within the
relevant sections of the document quickly.  Wild cards and regular
expressions may be used in queries, eliminating the need for exact
string matches; Boolean logic (AND, OR) may also be specified.  The
indexer supports synonym lists that act like special purpose thesauri
that enable access to information though a variety of synonymous
terms.  This feature is especially useful in acronym-laden technical
reference manuals.

In addition to displaying SGML-structured character text, DynaText
supports a variety of popular raster formats (such as PICT, TIFF, Sun
Raster and CCITT fax formats) to facilitate capture of associated
artwork.  The system also supports an open architecture for
integration with multi-media applications allowing sound, animation
and video supplements to be added to existing reference documents.

Discounts up to 80 percent are available to academic institutions. See
fuller descriptions of the product in: (1) "DynaText: Electronic Book
Engine from EBT [Electronic Book Technologies]: First to Handle any
SGML Application," Seybold Report on Publishing Systems 20/2
(September 24, 1990) 18-22;  (2)  Steven J. DeRose, "DynaText:
Electronic Book Indexer/Browser," EPSIG News 3/4 (December 1990) 1-2;
(3)  "Electronic Book Technologies," SGML Users' Group Newsletter 20
(September 1991) 32;  (4)  "Electronic Book Technologies' Dynatext
(SGML compiler). Text Tools: Beyond Search and Retrieval."  Release
1.0 91/7 (July 31, 1991) 15-17.

Contacts: (US): Electronic Book Technologies, Inc.; One Richmond
Square; Providence, RI 02906  USA; TEL: [phone]; FAX: (401)
421-9551; (Internet): [e-mail] (Steven J. DeRose), or
ebt-inc![e-mail] (<netnote>that's ebt-
inc![e-mail]</>);  (Internet): [e-mail]
(Louis R. Reynolds);  in Europe: EBT International; 20, Pre de la
Ferme; 1261 Gingins; SWITZERLAND; TEL: [phone]; FAX: +41-22-
69-24-25.

<129>   Avalanche Development Company (FastTag, IMSYS) Intelligent
        Autotagging

Retro-fitting electronic data files held in proprietary format with
SGML tagging, or converting paper documents to SGML-tagged files is
frequently accomplished with the use of intelligent automatic markup
software.  The "autotagging" software from Software Exoterica (XGML
Translator, XGML OmniMark) was noted briefly above,; see sub <124> and
compare <44>.  Other products for SGML conversion/translation are
Avalanche Development's tools FastTag and IMSYS: they incorporate
autotagging software using visual recognition techniques to generate
structured output text.  Using a VRE(tm) Visual Recognition Engine,
FastTag reads visual clues: (1) from an output file in the case of
electronic files or, (2) in conjunction with OCR, to convert paper-
based documents into SGML electronic file formats.  FastTag reckons
with graphics objects, tables and similar text structures.  Input may
be ASCII, Calera PDA files, DCA/RTF files, WordPerfect or Word files
(other wordprocessor formats supported), OCR/ICR scanner files,
DECWrite, Interleaf, and so forth; output is user-definable, but may
be specified as SGML, RTF, FrameMaker (Maker Interchange Format, MIF),
Ventura Publisher, Interleaf, Datalogics, troff, nroff, tbl and so
forth.  FastTag and IMSYS are supported on MS-DOS, as well as on a
variety of UNIX, VMS and Ultrix systems.  The autotagging technology
is licensed by a number of OEM developers (Xerox Information Systems
(Kurzweil), Bell Atlantic (DocuSource), Shaffstall, IBM and DEC).

See: (1)  "Avalanche Development's FastTAG." Release 1.0 91/7 (July
31, 1991) 14-16;  (2)  "Avalanche - New Developments," SGML Users'
Group Newsletter 19 (April 1991) 18-19;   (3)  "Avalanche FASTTAG to
Support EMS DTDs," EPSIG News 3/2 (June 1990) 5-6 (Avalanche announces
intention to support DTDs of the EPSIG/AAP Electronic Manuscript
Standard);  (4)  "Systems Solutions for the '90s: In-Plant,
Commercial. [Avalanche Development],"  Seybold Report on Publishing
Systems 18/14 (April 24, 1989) 26-43 (reviews Avalanche's Imsys.CALS,
based on its Visual Recognition Engine, which interprets visual cues
in the output file of word processors and generates a tagged ASCII
file.  It thus provides means of updating files to CALS-compliant SGML
format).

Related products include Proof Positive (spelling, grammar and style
checking facilities for use with Interleaf and FrameMaker) and
hypertext interface facilities. Contact: Eileen Quirk, Director of
Marketing and Sales; Avalanche Development Company; 947 Walnut Street;
Boulder, CO 80302  USA; (303) TEL: [phone]; FAX: [phone].
Email (Internet): [e-mail], [e-mail],
[e-mail].

<130>   qwertz/FORMAT -- SGML to LaTeX (and nroff/troff) Translator

Version 1.1 of the qwertz SGML documenting processing system is now
available. Format is an SGML to LaTeX (and nroff/troff) translator.
It consists of: (1) SGML document type definitions for the LaTeX
document styles (articles, books, reports, letters, slides), for
BibTeX bibliographies and for Unix manual pages; (2) Programs for
translating SGML documents of the these types into LaTeX and
nroff/troff; (3) A command for extracting source code from
documentation, which is useful for a simple kind of "literate
programming".

Format allows LaTeX documents to be created using powerful and
comfortable SGML editors, such as Author/Editor, in a quasi WYSIWYG
manner.  It also provides a layer of abstraction from LaTeX, allowing
documents to be more easily translated into formats for other document
processing systems, such as nroff/troff or MS-WORD.

Anonymous-FTP locations (use ARCHIE for updates):

Host gmdzi.gmd.de          (129.26.1.90)
    Location: /pub/gmd
    FILE  rw-r--r-- 959  Sep 30 11:51   sgml2latex-format.readme
    FILE  rw-r--r-- 1336911  Sep 30 11:51 sgml2latex-format.tar.Z
Host utsun.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp (133.11.11.11)
    Location: /misc/sgml
    FILE  rw-r--r-- 1336911  Oct 31 11:48 sgml2latex-format.tar.Z
Host liasun3.epfl.ch       (128.178.36.30)
    Location: /pub/tex
    FILE rw-r--r-- 1336911  Oct 23 20:28 sgml2latex-format.tar.Z

Contact: Thomas F. Gordon; German National Research Center for
Computer Science (GMD); Schloss Birlinghoven, D-5205 Sankt Augustin 1,
Germany; Internet email: [e-mail]; phone: [phone]-
2665. (Adapted from Usenet posting to comp.text.sgml; Subject: New
Version of Format; Date: 30-Sep-91)

<131>   NIST "SGML parser materials"

The older NIST parser materials are reported to be out-of-date and
somewhat unreliable.  Furthermore, questions persist concerning the
NIST's support for these code sources, and, in light of apparently
stronger current support for ODA (e.g., NIST ODA SIG in the OSI
Implementors Workshop), for SGML more generally.  It would be wise to
consult with NIST and with a recognized SGML guru before spending time
building on these SGML parser tools.

Host stag.math.lsa.umich.edu   (141.211.64.23)
    FILE   rw-r--r--      1731  Sep 15  1990   nist-sgml.cheater
    FILE   rw-r--r--    202923  Sep 15  1990   nist-sgml.tar.Z
Host nic.funet.fi              (128.214.6.100)
    Location: /pub/languages/sgml
    FILE   rw-r--r--      1731  Aug 12 02:29   nist-sgml.cheater
    FILE   rw-r--r--    202923  Aug 12 02:29   nist-sgml.tar.Z
Host theta.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp   (130.69.48.4)
    Location: /sgml
    FILE      rw-rw-r--       871  Dec 13 13:13   sgml.cheater.Z
    FILE      rw-rw-r--    198363  Dec 13 13:15   sgml.cpio.Z


<132>   Public DTD Collections

Public DTDs and entity sets for SGML are printed in the standards
documents and in most handbooks, and are usually shipped with
commercial SGML software. The nineteen (19) character entity sets
published in Annex D of the ISO 8879 SGML Standard are legally
unencumbered, and will probably become widely available in electronic
format (use ARCHIE to search for filenames like "ISOlat1," "ISOlat2,"
ISOgrk1," "ISOgrk2," "ISOgrk3," "ISOgrk4," "ISOcyr1," "ISOcyr2,"
"ISOnum," "ISOdia," "ISOpub," "ISObox," "ISOtech," "ISOamso,"
"ISOamsb," "ISOamsr," "ISOamsa," "ISOamsn," "ISOamsc," etc.).
Currently, sample DTDs in usable ASCII format may be obtained on the
academic networks from several sources:

(a) DTDs produced by the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) are available
from the BITNET listserv(er) on UICVM.  The filenames and content of
these DTDs can be expected to undergo change during 1992, but they
currently have a VM/CMS filespec of '<filename> DTD' (e.g., TEI1 DTD;
TEIHDR1 DTD; TEIWSD1 DTD; TEIBASE1 DTD; TEIFRON1 DTD; TEIBACK1 DTD;
TEILOW1 DTD; TEICRYS1 DTD; TEILING1 DTD; TEIREND1 DTD; TEIDRAM1 DTD;
TEITC1 DTD; TEITC1 DTD).  A number of related files on TEI syntax are
also available (SYNTAX MEMO; OVERVIEW SYNTAX; BASICS SYNTAX; DOCUMENT
SYNTAX; SGMLDECL SYNTAX; DTD SYNTAX).  Use interactive BITNET command
or mail to request the files, "get <filename filetype>" and item <114>
above for other standard BITNET LISTSERVer syntax.  The DTDs may be
obtained also from the LISTSERVer in Europe (Goettingen) which hosts
MARKUP-L: LISTSERV@DGOGWDG1 on BITNET or [e-mail] on the
Internet; see <116>.

(b) MAJOUR (Modular Application for Journals).  The EWS (European
Workgroup on SGML) has published a DTD for the headers of scientific
articles (MAJOUR-Header DTD).  In cooperation with the CERN EPS
(European Physical Society), EWS has now also produced a "body"
standard DTD for complete scientific articles.  The DTDs developed by
EWS and EPS/CERN are based upon AAP article DTDs.  See above entry
<110> for further details on EWS.  Free copies of the MAJOUR DTD(s)
may be obtained from the STM (International Group of Scientific
Technical and Medical Publishers): contact Ms Harriet de Hoog, STM
Secretariat, Keizersgracht 462, 1016 GE Amsterdam, THE NETHERLANDS;
FAX [phone].  See further in "European Workshop on SGML," SGML
Users' Group Newsletter 20 (September 1991) 22.  Alternately, contact
the GCA for a free copy of MAJOUR (with purchase of other materials
from the GCA's printed materials); see SGML Users' Group Newsletter 20
(September 1991) 32.

(c) A HyTime DTD (declarations set) is located on the online SIGhyper
forums: Host ftp.ifi.uio.no (129.240.88.1) and Host mailer.cc.fsu.edu
(128.186.6.103).  Disk space has been secured at the University of
Oslo, Department of Informatics for a larger collection of public
DTDs: see ftp.ifi.uio.no:/pub/SGML for contributions that may be
available from that archive (e.g., for the "general" document DTD
'PUBLIC "ISO 8879:1986//DTD General Document//EN"' from ISO 8879 Annex
E as amended).

(d) Public DTDs and entity sets should be available from Exeter.  One
may periodically check the online library of the Exeter SGML Project
for its collections: anon-FTP to sgml1.ex.ac.uk (144.173.6.61).  See
item <113> above.

(e) The CALS-BBS forum described sub item <117> above contains several
CALS-related DTDs, usually in self-extracting DOS compressed files
(filename.exe).

(f) DTDs supporting the AAP/EPSIG manuscript standard are available
from EPSIG for 10 US dollars plus shipping; see <107>.  The same files
may be accessible from file servers: use ARCHIE to search for
AAPARTCL.TXT; AAPBOOK.TXT; AAPSERL.TXT; SHORTREF.TXT or similar
filenames.

(g) The "Information Architecture" working group of the OSF
Documentation Special Interest Group (IA WG of the OSF Doc SIG) will
be releasing public DTDs during the first and second quarters of 1992.
Contact Fred Dalrymple, the Open Software Foundation; TEL: (1 617)
621-8855, or John Bowe, Email (Internet): [e-mail].


===========================================================
<S9>    FURTHER BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RESOURCE GUIDES FOR SGML
===========================================================

<133> Cover, Robin; Duncan, Nicholas; Barnard, David.  Bibliography on
      SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) and Related Issues.
      Technical Report 91-299.  Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.
      February, 1991.  ISSN 0836-0227.  312 pages.  A revised print
      version of a bibliographic  and information database (compiled
      by Robin Cover), structured in SGML-database and formatted with
      SGML ->> BibTeX utilities developed at Queen's University by
      Nick Duncan and David Barnard.  For print copies, contact: (1)
      Department of Computing and Information Science; Queen's
      University; Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6; TEL: (613) 545-
      6056;  Email (Internet): [e-mail], or (2) the
      Graphic Communications Association, <105>.

      The printed version of the database contains a "Short
      Bibliography" of 67 essential references, and a fuller "Main
      Bibliography" with 1403 citations (many with abstracts).  The
      second major section is an SGML Directory for some 117 SGML-
      supporting groups in academia, government, or industry: each
      entry supplies addresses, descriptions of software products or
      SGML services, and references.  In detail:

                          Table of Contents

      1    Introduction.............................................1
      1.1  What is SGML? (Robin Cover)..............................2
      1.2  Content of the Bibliography (Robin Cover)................2
      1.3  Format of the Bibliography (Nicholas Duncan).............9
      1.4  Database Access and Collection Maintenance...............9
      2    Acknowledgments (Robin Cover)...........................13
      3    Acronym List............................................15
      4    Short Bibliography......................................20
      5    Main Bibliography.......................................25
      6    Directory of SGML Supporting Groups....................160
      6.1  Index of Entries.......................................160
      6.2  Directory..............................................163
      7    Appendices.............................................261
        A  Processing the Bibliography............................261
        B  BiBTeX Enhancements....................................262
        C  Document Type Definitions (DTDs).......................265
        D  ISO 8879-1986 Entities (LAT1, LAT2, ISOdia, ISOmin)....270
        E  Language Codes for SGML (ISO 639 and ANSI/MARC)........293

New bibliographic references and other SGML information for this
database are welcome: please send citations (published or unpublished
materials: technical reports, working papers, internal memoranda,
articles, product announcements, product reviews) to Robin Cover via
electronic or postal mail.  Plans are underway to make the SGML
database available electronically via a BITNET listserver
([e-mail] or [e-mail]) and on Internet via
anonymous FTP.

<134> The SGML Source Guide. The Graphic Communications Association's
      Guide to Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) Systems,
      Software, Service, Consultants, Seminars and Resources.  Edited
      by Marion Elledge.  Graphic Communications Association,
      February, 1991.  6" x 8".  105 pages.  ISBN: 0-93505-13-2.
      Several SGML-related standards documents distributed by GCA are
      listed and annotated in this Guide.  Listings of SGML suppliers
      are in alphabetical order and provide information on the type of
      business, name and description of products or services, and
      prices.  The Guide is issued on a subscription basis in
      looseleaf format; updates are issued quarterly or as information
      is accumulated.

<135> SGML Products and Services.  A document covering primarily CALS-
      SGML, produced by Joan Smith for the CALS in Europe SIG.  Cost
      is approximately 20 UK pounds.  Contact: David Ardron,
      Secretary, CALS in Europe SIG; Ferranti Computer Systems Ltd,;
      Western Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 1RA; UNITED KINGDOM;
      TEL: [phone].

=====================
<S10>   POSTSCRIPT
=====================

COPYLEFT. The bibliography above is copyright (c) Robin Cover,
December 1991.  Everyone is granted permission to freely copy and
distribute the file in any format whatever, for non-commercial
purposes, so long as the entire document is reproduced, together with
this notice.  Corrections and additions will be received with
gratitude.

PERSPICUITY IN PUNCTUATION.  Several painful compromises have been
required to produce this network-safe ASCII version.  Somewhat against
the spirit of SGML, I have used angle brackets to delimit entry
numbers, both serially and as cross-references; any editor supporting
regular-expressions can be used to convert these particular delimiters
to conventional square-brackets.  Likewise, the use of parentheses for
square brackets in running text is infelicitous, where the latter more
clearly signified (editorially) added text, and nested better within
parenthesized expressions.  SGML character entities have been used to
represent extended ASCII accented characters, for which I offer no
apology: anyone wishing to print the bibliography on paper copy should
first change out these entities (e.g., é, É, ü,
à, ø, ç, č).

Thus, with the exception of @ ("@" IRV 4/0 = decimal 64), I
have restricted the character set to the 'safe' subset of (non-
national-use) ISO 646 IRV characters, but at the risk of complete
clarity in a few contexts.  According to network authorities, use of
any characters outside the following 'safe' ISO 646 subset is
dangerous, especially across national boundaries, since unanticipated
and often undetectable instances of EBCDIC-ASCII translation during
transmission will have mutagenic effects upon the 'non-safe' IRV/ASCII
characters. This wisdom warns that the 'safe' ISO 646 subset contains
ONLY the following (non national-use) characters:

    a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
    A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
    " % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? _ SPACE (SP, IRV 2/0)

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Robin Cover           BITNET:    zrcc1001@smuvm1 ("one-zero-zero-one")
6634 Sarah Drive      Internet:  [e-mail]
Dallas, TX 75236 USA  Internet:  [e-mail] ("uta-ef-el-el")
TEL: [phone]   Internet:  [e-mail]
FAX: [phone]   Internet:  [e-mail]
----------------------------------------------------------------------