MacFormat 1994 November/macformat-018.iso/Comms Spectacular/mosaic/FAQ/FAQ.TEXT

Text File | 1994-07-26 | 28.2 KB | 660 lines | [TEXT/unix]

NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh
Frequently Answered Questions

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[-  NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh Topics  -]

* Notes About This Document
* Where To Find NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh
* Where To Find Other Versions Of Mosaic
* New Versions Of Mosaic
* NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh Documentation
* Technical Support, Questions And Suggestions For Mosaic
* NCSA Mosaic Discussions On USENET
* System Requirements For The Macintosh
* MacTCP Information
* Use Of Modems With Mosaic
* Reading USENET Newsgroups With Mosaic
* HTTP Server For The Macintosh
* Use Of Mosaic Through A Firewall
* Changing The Home Page
* Problems Interpretting Macintosh And UNIX File Names
* Clicking On Links And Activation
* Cancelling Connections In Progress
* Inline Images In Mosaic
* Running QuickTime Movies
* Saving Files For Later Use
* HTML Converters
* HTML Editors
* Non-Anonymous FTP With Mosaic
* Window Size And Printing
* Anchors: Color And Underlining
* Searching The Page And An Index
* Helper Applications
* Source Code and Licensing of Mosaic

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[-  Notes About This Document  -]

* I will be using the term Mosaic quite frequently.  Since this is the FAQ
  for the Macintosh version, it can be assumed that 'Mosaic' will almost
  certainly be referring to NCSA Mosaic for the Macintosh.

* A certain amount of familiarity with the Macintosh computer, InterNet, and
  the World Wide Web (WWW) and associated terms is assumed.

* The writer of this FAQ does some of the technical support for the
  Macintosh version of NCSA Mosaic.  You can generally regard the
  information in this FAQ to be up-to-date as of the last revision of
  NCSA Mosaic for the Macintosh.

* As with any instruction manual or other document, read this whole thing
  twice.  Once to get a good idea of what is discussed, and then again to
  make sure that you clearly understand everything that is being said.

* Like any other human, I am prone to making mistakes and oversights.  If
  you come across such a thing, please let me know!

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[-  Where To Find NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh  -]

You can get the latest version of NCSA Mosaic for the Macintosh from the
site that provides it.  The file is compressed with StuffIt, and then
BinHexed, so to use it, you will need StuffIt Expander or other comparable
decoding programs.  Download the file as ascii.  Make sure to get the other
documents that you may need.  Anonymous FTP:

File Name:  NCSAMosaicMac.103.sit.hqx (and other files)
Directory:  /Mac/Mosaic/
Site Name:  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu
Site IP  :  141.142.20.50

If you have difficulties downloading Mosaic, e-mail your problems to:

[e-mail]

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[-  Where To Find Other Versions Of Mosaic  -]

Mosaic is available for Microsoft Windows on the PC, as well as the various
platforms that support X-Windows.  The site is the same as above, the only
difference is the directory.

MS-Windows for the PC:  /PC/Mosaic
X-Windows platforms  :  /Mosaic

For more specific information regarding these versions, please mail your
questions to:

[e-mail] (MS-Windows version)
[e-mail] (X-Windows versions)

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[-  New Versions Of Mosaic  -]

If all goes as planned, the next version of Mac Mosaic, 2.0, will be out
in early summer.  Among the new features will be forms support and an
eyeball mode (or header mode) to retrieve data about a file before
transferring it.  Some things that will be changed or improved includes the
hotlist and the organization of some of the menu items.

A Power PC version of Mosaic will be released at the same time as 2.0.

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[-  NCSA Mosaic For The Macintosh Documentation  -]

The documentation for Mac Mosaic may seem somewhat difficult to come by.
Hard copy versions are in the final editing stages and you should be able to
get them soon.  A copy of the html version of the documentation is available
from the FTP server, ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in the /Mac/Mosaic/Documents
directory.  A normal Microsoft Word version of the documents will be made
available at the same time as the hard copy version.

If you have been able to get a Mosaic up and running, then you might be
able to access the documents online.  To access them, start up Mosaic.  Once
the home page has loaded, choose Mac Mosaic Documentation from the Balloon
Help menu.  Note that there are several other help files there.

Balloon Help items should be fully functional in the 2.0 version of Mosaic.

Another document giving a walk through of all the menu items will be
available at a future time as well.

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[-  Technical Support, Questions And Suggestions For Mosaic  -]

If you are stuck, have a question or any suggestions, please mail them to:

[e-mail]

You can also reach the same e-mail address by selecting Mail Developers from
the File menu.  If you wish to get a response, you will need to first enter
your e-mail address in the Preferences, which can be reached from the
Options menu.  Please be as specific and as informative as you can so that
we can provide you with the best possible response.

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[-  NCSA Mosaic Discussions On USENET  -]

Currently, there is no world-wide group dedicated to the discussion of
Mosaic.  There are groups of a more general nature that might include talk
of Mosaic.  These world-wide groups are listed below:

comp.infosystems.www  (Discussions about the World Wide Web)
comp.sys.mac.comm     (Discussions about communications on the Macintosh)

To my knowledge, there is only one newsgroup dedicated to talks about
Mosaic.  This newsgroup was created at the University of Illinois.  If your
site has access to the uiuc.* newsgroups, then you might be able to read
and/or post to this newsgroup:

uiuc.sw.mosaic

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[-  System Requirements For The Macintosh  -]

Mosaic will run on any Macintosh with these specs:

* System 7 or later.
* MacTCP 2.0.2 or later.  We recommend version 2.0.4 or later.
* 4 MB or more of RAM.  Mosaic requires a partition of at least 2 MB.
* Hard disk.  Mosaic itself takes less than 1 MB.

Mac Mosaic will run with earlier versions of MacTCP, but because of bugs in
those versions, each document loaded will cause memory usage to increase by
12 KB.  Eventually you will run out of memory, and be forced to restart
either Mosaic or your computer.

MacTCP is not really required, per se.  Only if you wish to use Mosaic to
the fullest is this needed.  Without a TCP connection, the only files you
will be able to view are those on your own hard disk(s).

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[-  MacTCP Information  -]

If you do not have, or want to get the 2.0.2 version of MacTCP, it is
available from Apple as part of the "TCP/IP Connection" product.  You can
order it through Apple catalog sales.  They can be reached at:

1-800-795-1000

For a single user (Order Number D1785), it will cost $59.  A 20-user site
license (Order Number D1786) costs $128.

To upgrade from MacTCP 2.0.x to version 2.0.4, you can find the updater
via anonymous FTP:

File Name:  MacTCP 2.0.x to 2.0.4.hqx
Directory:  /ess/public/mactcp/MacTCP_2.0.4/
Site Name:  seeding.apple.com
Site IP  :  130.43.3.3

In addition to this site, it can be found at many other major FTP sites,
probably under a similar file name.

**Recently, I have been informed that this product no longer exists.  I am
fairly certain that you can get a 2.0.x version of MacTCP with some sort of
Internet starters book (approximately $30.00).  If anyone has information
regarding getting the most recent version of MacTCP, I would be grateful to
receive it.

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[-  Use Of Modems With Mosaic  -]

There are two ways to access the net.  One way is a through a direct network
connection the other is through a modem connection.  You can connect to the
networked world with Mosaic through the use of a modem.The only catch is
that you will need a TCP connection of some sort.

To come about something like this, you will need to know if your dial-in
server can provide the appropriate type of connection for you.  The most
common easy method is SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol).  Other methods
include ARA (Apple Remote Access), and PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol).

Your provider should be able to provide you with help regarding the set-up
and proper use of your TCP connection.

In addition to Mosaic, This type of TCP connection will allow you to use a
number of other applications such as NCSA Telnet and Dartmouth's Fetch.

The speed of the modem is probably going to be a lot slower than Mosaic
will be.  So if Mosaic seems super-slow, then the modem is probably the
bottle neck.  Even at 14400, Mosaic is slow, but not as slow as speeds
of 2400 or 4800 baud.  I would use Mosaic over a modem if it was the only
way to run it.

If you need more information regarding the use of Mac Mosaic with a modem,
send a message to [e-mail] requesting information regarding
the use of Mac Mosaic with a modem, and a help file will be sent to
you.

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[-  Reading USENET Newsgroups With Mosaic  -]

Mosaic is capable of reading USENET newsgroups and their articles.  That is
about it.   Mosaic is not a full-fledged news reader.  Right now, there are
a number of other applications devoted to news reading only.

If you wish to be able to sort posts in any fashion, reply or follow-up to
any posting, then Mosaic will not help you.  Right now, Mosaic can only read
the news, nothing more.

To access the newsgroup of your choice, you will need to specify a server
from which to read the news (this is done in the Preferences).  It is
preferable that you use the local news server if one exists.  You will need
to put the name of the news server you wish to read news from in the
appropriate box in the <B>Preferences</B> window.  The URL format below
should be used when accessing a news group:

news:news.group.name

news.group.name is, of course, the name of the newsgroup that you wish
to read.  For more information regarding URLs, please see that section.

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[-  HTTP Server For The Macintosh  -]

Since Mosaic is a WWW client, many of the servers that will be queried are
HTTP servers.  You may be interested in making documents on your own Mac
available for others to use.  If that is the case, then there is an
application that makes this possible.

Mac HTTP server software will allow you to make documents available to the
WWW.  You may get this via anonymous FTP:

File Name:  machttp.sit.hqx
Directory:  /public/mac/MacHTTP/
Site Name:  oac.hsc.uth.tmc.edu
Site IP  :  129.106.30.1

Please read the documentation for this carefully.  You must have Mac HTTP
running on your machine if others are to have access to the pages from the
WWW.  If you have questions about Mac HTTP, please refer them to:

[e-mail]

**NOTE:  This is not an NCSA product, therefore we do not support it.

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[-  Use Of Mosaic Through A Firewall  -]

A mailing list had been created to determine what is needed to use Mosaic
through a firewall, but the objective of the mailing list -- understanding
what is needed to get Mac Mosaic through the firewall -- has been
accomplished, and mailing list has been discontinued.

Two solutions have been described, and source code donated.  The solutions
are:

1) Proxy gateways:  Instead of talking directly to http servers, each
   request would be routed to a gateway that is defined by the user.  The
   gateway knows how to get through the firewall.

2) SOCKS:  Mac Mosaic talks to a SOCKS server. A very common firewall
   bypass setup.

The code to implement both SOCKS and proxy gateway solutions has been
donated to us.  Since Mac Mosaic is going to major code rewrite, changes
will not be integrated until our next release.  Until then, if you would
like to try out an experimental Mac Mosaic that works with SOCKS, you can
download it.

File Name:  sock.sea.hqx
Directory:  /outgoing/atotic/
Site Name:  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu
Site IP  :  141.142.20.50

Incomplete archives of the mailings to this mailing list can be found at
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/People/atotic/firewall.html.

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[-  Changing The Home Page  -]

When Mosaic opens a new window, it will attempt to read in the URL that is
specified in the Home Page selection of the Preferences.  This file can be
any valid URL.  This URL can be on a nearby machine, a remote machine, even
your own computer.

It is easy to set it to any machine that is on the WWW.  Simply enter the
URL of the file you wish to see as the home page.  Every time you open a
new window, or click on the home icon in the Mosaic window, you will be
taken to this page.

Not everyone wants their home page to be on a WWW machine.  You might want
to have your home page on one of your disks.  If that is the case, the
solution is the same: enter the correct URL for the file.  Often times, the
problem here is getting the correct URL.

The easiest way is to put the document where you will like to access it
from.  Then using Open Local from the File menu, locate and double click on
the file you want.  The file will be opened for you.  To get the URL for the
file you have just opened, you must have selected Show URLs from the Options
menu.  When you have this selected, the URL of the current document is
displayed in the Mosaic window.  You can simply copy-and-paste this URL into
the Preferences.

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[-  Problems Interpretting Macintosh And UNIX File Names  -]

Macintosh users are faily unlimited as to what characters they can put in
their file names.  The platform on which a great deal of the WWW is based is
not so fortunate, however.  In order to keep things simple, Mosaic uses the
lowest common denominator.

This means that Macintosh file names cannot use the character '/' or ':'.
Mosaic uses the '/' as part of the path.  If you use a URL with this
character in it, then the part after the '/' will be interpretted as a file
in a directory specified by the part before the '/'.    The same is for the
':'.  Mosaic uses that as a special character in the URL specfication.  The
URL will not be interpretted correctly if a it contains a ':' as part of
the file name.

Additionally, files (both Mac and UNIX) should not contain the '#' character
as part of the filename.  This is a problem since the standard for
specifying a link within a page uses the '#' as a delimiter.

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[-  Clicking On Links And Activation  -]

Activation of a link is the most basic way to move around with Mosaic.  You
simply need to find a link, and click once on it.   You will be able to tell
if the link was activated by the status of the Mosaic logo icon in the upper
left hand corner of the Mosaic window.  If the graphic is animated then it
is a good bet the connection was made.

You can tell where a link will connect to by turning the Show Status Bar
option on.  You will find this under the Options menu.  On the Mosaic window
a grey bar will appear just above the text window.  As you move the pointer
over the various links in the page you are looking at, you will see various
messages and URLs appear.  A URL should appear when you move over a link.  If
you click when the URL appears in the status bar, you will be taken to the
link that is shown.  This feature allows you to get an idea of where you will
be connecting, and also allows you to write down the URL of that link.

You can click on a new link while a document is still loading, however the
response may be slower than usual.  This feature allows you to get to another
link without having to wait for the current document to load.

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[-  Cancelling Connections In Progress  -]

A lot of times, you might find yourself wishing you had not clicked on a
link either because it was too slow, the file is turning out to be much too
large, or it was an accident.  There is some hope...

As in most other Macintosh applications, you can use Command-. to cancel.
You can also click once on the Mosaic logo icon in the upper left hand
corner of the screen to cancel the transfer.   There is a minor problem with
version 1.0.3 of Mosaic that might cause it to freeze, or even crash the
computer.  This should be fixed in the future versions of Mosaic.

This cancellation will work on any type of URL, no matter what is on the
other end of the transfer.  Just hit Command-. once or twice.  Be patient,
and it should work fine.

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[-  Inline Images In Mosaic  -]

Mosaic is set to load images specified as inline (see the Preferences for
the mappings) directly into the Mosaic window.  There may be a time at which
you do not wish to have these pictures loaded right away.  Under the Options
menu, there is an option called Auto-Load Images.  If there is a check mark
beside that line, then all images that are specified as inline pictures will
be loaded automatically.  If there is no check mark, then those pictures
willnot be loaded.

Setting this option to off or on will take effect with the next page that
is loaded.  So, if you have the images turned off, and come to a page where
you want to see all the pictures, turn Auto-Load Images on, and then use
Reload (or Command-R) from the File menu.  The page will then be loaded
with all the images.

If the images are not loaded, and you wish to view a particular one, then
you can click on the place holder that Mosaic uses.  A connection will then
be made and the picture will be displayed.

Right now, Mosaic in general will only allow .xbm and .gif files as inline.
In addition, the Macintosh version will support .pict files.  In the future
Mosaic may be able to load .jpeg files as inline.

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[-  Running QuickTime Movies  -]

To run QuickTime movies on your Macintosh, you will need to get the
QuickTime extension.  Put it in the extensions folder.  The most recent
version is 1.6.1.

The movie player is called Simple Player.  Simple Player is a Quicktime
viewer from Apple that comes packaged with most distributions of QuickTime.
It is copyrighted and not public domain.

File Name:  SimplePlayer.sit.hqx
Directory:  /Mac/Mosaic/Apple/
Site Name:  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu
Site IP  :  141.142.20.50

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[-  Saving Files For Later Use  -]

There are many docuements that are linked to that require the use of an
external application to allow you to view them.  Mosaic loads these
applications when necessary.  Some people may not be able to run more than
one application due to memory problems on their computer.  If this is the
case, then you can store the file for later viewing.

This is accomplished by using Load to Disk from the Options menu.  It is
similar to Auto-Load Images option in that it takes effect with the next
activated link.  This option will save whatever you click on as a file.
You will need to set the file name and directory to something that will
be easy for you to remember.

Be sure to turn this option off when you return to the normal use of
Mosaic.  If you leave this on, and did not want to load the link to disk,
you may cancel the operation, and then turn the option off.

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[-  HTML Converters  -]

As far as I know, there are two applications that will convert a certain
type of text file into HTML.

One of these, Hotlist2hHtml, is designed to make a Mosaic hotlist into an
HTML document. This application will leave the original file untouched,
and create a new text file in HTML format with the titles and links intact.

The other converter takes an RTF file and makes an HTML approximation out
of it.  RTF is rich text format, and you should be able to convert just
about any word processor document to RTF.  Once you have an RTF file, you
only need to start the converter application and follow the instructions.
The original file is left alone, of course.  This is also useful if someone
has an RTF document available, but you don't have the right application to
view it as RTF.

You can get these converters as listed below:

File Name:  Hotlist2HTML.sit.hqx
Directory:  /Mac/Mosaic/Helpers/
Site Name:  ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu
Site IP  :  141.142.20.50

File Name:  rtf-to-html-converter-25.hqx
Directory:  /info-mac/text/
Site Name:  sumex-aim.stanford.edu
Site IP  :  36.44.0.6

**NOTE:  Again, these are not NCSA products, and we do not support them.

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[-  HTML Editors  -]

There is not a true 'what you see is what you get' or 'WYSIWYG' HTML editor
available yet.    In fact, I know of only two things that make writing your
own HTML documents easier. Not intuitive, just easier.  You will still need
to know a little bit about HTML to know how it will look ahead of time, but
you can edit then save your changes and bring it up on Mosaic to see what
it looks like.

I use BB Edit Lite and it's HTML extensions on occasion.  You simply need
to get the two BB Edit files that are listed, and read the instructions.
You can begin editing and creating HTML documents.  One easy way to create
an HTML document is to create a file on a word processor that can save in
the RTF format.  Then you can use the RTF2HTML converter and get a good
approximation to the page.

File Name:  bbedit-lite-232.hqx
File Name:  bbedit-html-ext-b3.hqx  (you need BB Edit Lite)
File Name:  html-editor-10b18.hqx
Directory:  /info-mac/text/
Site Name:  sumex-aim.stanford.edu
Site IP  :  36.44.0.6

If there is more information regarding this, please let me know.

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[-  Non-Anonymous FTP With Mosaic  -]

At some point you might want to FTP to a site that does not allow anonymous
connections.  In order to do this, you must have a login and password on
that system.  The URL for this is longer than normal:

ftp://login:password@host/path

Unfortunately, when the URL is showing in the window that is created with
the Show URL option, the password will not be blocked out.  Of course it is
never a good idea to allow your password, let alone the login, password, and
host, be out in the open.  The best two alternatives to this problem are to
simply hide the URLs or to use another program that does not have this
problem, such as Fetch.

Likewise, it is probably not a very good idea to use non-anonymous FTP URLs
in your documents.  This could lead to serious problems for you in the
future.

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[-  Window Size And Printing  -]

Changing the size of the Mosaic window will affect how the page is printed.
If you use the default window size to print out your documents, then you can
leave the print mode on portrait style.  If you widen the window, then you
will need to change the print mode to landscape if you want to get all the
text on the right hand side of the page to completely appear.  If you are
unsure if the active window is the default size, click in the zoom box a few
times.  The window will grow and shrink.  The correct size should be the
smaller window.

If you are running on a small screen, and find that you want more vertical
space for the hyper text in the Mosaic window, you can get more space by
making sure that Show URLs and Show Status Messages from the Options menu
are turned off.  To make sure, it will have Show URLs and Show Status
Messages shown.  If these options are on, then the word Show will be
replaced with Hide.

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[-  Anchors: Colors And Underlining  -]

Mosaic uses two colors of anchors.  Links that have not been visited yet are
blue, and links that have been previously visited are red (these colors may
be changed in the Preferences).  No global history is kept for Mosaic yet,
so everytime you start a new Mosaic session, all links will be blue.  In the
future versions of Mosaic, a global history is planned, so that all links
visited in the past will be red.  However, these links will change in color
towards the blue, unvisited link as time passes.  This will give you an idea
how long it has been since you last visited that link.

Anchors are also underlined.  This another feature that you can turn off if
you like in the Preferences.

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[-  Searching The Page And An Index  -]

I can think of two instances when you'd want to search for something.  The
most obvious example is to search a particular document for an occurance of
a particular string of characters.  If this is the case, then the Search
button and the field to it's right does not apply.  This is actually done as
in just about every other Macintosh application.  Under the Edit menu, there
is a Find command.  Make the appropriate selection and you will see a new
box appear on the screen.  Enter the string and select the options that you
wish to use, and then hit enter.  The current document will be seached for
the next occurence of the indicated string.  If you wish to continue
searching for additional occurances of the word in the same document you
should choose Find Again.

The other instance will involve using the Search field and button at the top
of the Mosaic window.  This is only available for use with searchable
indexes.  That search field will always be active, but the button will not.
If the current document is searchable by these means, then the Search button
will become active.  Type in appropriate data and then click the Search
button.  Pressing return in the search box will not begin the search for you.
This feature will be eliminated in the 2.0 release of NCSA Mosaic for the
Macintosh since this type of search will be done using the FORMS interface.

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[-  Helper Applications  -]

A number of applications can be used with Mosaic.  The mappings for the file
name extensions are intialized to common values.  If there is something that
you wish to change, or there is something that is not working properly, you
should be able to fix it by using the helper applications window in the
Preferences.

There are a lot of applications out there that will work, but there are a
few that can handle almost whatever types of files you will come across.
I will not be listing the sites where they can be found since they are not
as uncommon as some of the other file listed above.  You should have no
trouble finding them at any major FTP site.  You might be able to find one
you are looking for by checking the /Mac/Mosaic/Helpers directory on the
FTP site, ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu.

JPEG View         (for jpeg and gif images)
GIF Converter     (for tiff images)
Teach Text        (can view pict files)
SoundMachine      (just about any sound file)
Sparkle           (mpeg movie format)
Simple Player     (ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu, /Mac/Mosaic/Apple, QuickTime movies)
Ulaw and UlawPlay (more sound files)

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[-  Source Code and Licensing of Mosaic  -]

Since either of these topics covers a rather large amount of space, I will
keep this simple.  You can get information about getting the source code
or licensing by mailing:

[e-mail]  (for any version of Mosaic)
[e-mail]  (Macintosh version only)

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--
--NCSA Mosaic for the Macintosh Technical Support
[e-mail]