E1A0197.301b NWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 80-meter band are authorized to Extra class control operators? 3525-3775 kHz 3500-3525 kHz 3700-3750 kHz 3500-3550 kHz BE1A0297.301b NWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 75-meter band are authorized to Extra class control operators? 3775-3800 kHz 3800-3850 kHz 3750-3775 kHz 3800-3825 kHz CE1A0397.301b NWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 40-meter band are authorized to Extra class control operators? 7000-7025 kHz 7000-7050 kHz 7025-7050 kHz 7100-7150 kHz AE1A0497.301b NWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 20-meter band are authorized to Extra class control operators? 14.100-14.175 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz 14.000-14.125 MHz and 14.250-14.300 MHz 14.025-14.050 MHz and 14.100-14.150 MHz 14.000-14.025 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHz DE1A0597.301b NWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 15-meter band are authorized to Extra class control operators? 21.000-21.200 MHz and 21.250-21.270 MHz 21.050-21.100 MHz and 21.150-21.175 MHz 21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.200-21.225 MHz 21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.250-21.275 MHz CE1A0697.219b&d NIf a packet bulletin board station in a message forwarding system inadvertently forwards a message that is in violation of FCC rules, who is accountable for the rules violation? The control operator of the packet bulletin board station The control operator of the originating station and conditionally the first forwarding station The control operators of all the stations in the system The control operators of all the stations in the system not authenticating the source from which they accept communications BE1A0797.219c NIf your packet bulletin board station inadvertently forwards a communication that violates FCC rules, what is the first action you should take? Discontinue forwarding the communication as soon as you become aware of it Notify the originating station that the communication does not comply with FCC rules Notify the nearest FCC Field Engineer's office Discontinue forwarding all messages AE1A0897.307c NWhat must an amateur licensee do if a spurious emission from his or her station causes harmful interference to the reception of another radio station? Pay a fine each time it happens Submit a written explanation to the FCC Forfeit the station license if it happens more than once Eliminate or reduce the interference DE1A0997.111a2,3,4 NWhen may an amateur station exchange messages with an FCC-regulated non-amateur station? Only during emergencies, RACES operations, Armed Forces Day Communications Tests or when the FCC authorizes such communications Under no circumstances Only during emergencies Only during Public Service events, REACT operations, Field Day or when the FCC authorizes such communications AE1A1097.303e] NWhat type of amateur stations are permitted to operate in the 219-220-MHz band? Any type Only those participating in point-to-point fixed digital message forwarding systems Only those licensed to Extra class operators Only those using an effective radiated power of 25 watts PEP or less for digital communications BE1A1197.27 NWhy might the FCC modify an amateur station license? To relieve crowding in certain bands To better prepare for a time of national emergency To enforce a radio quiet zone within one mile of an airport To promote the public interest, convenience and necessity DE1A1297.11a NIf an amateur station is installed on board a ship or aircraft and is separate from the main radio installation, what condition must be met before the station is operated? Its operation must be approved by the master of the ship or the pilot in command of the aircraft Its antenna must be separate from the main ship or aircraft antennas, transmitting only when the main radios are not in use It must have a power supply that is completely independent of the main ship or aircraft power supply Its operator must have an FCC Marine or Aircraft endorsement on his or her amateur license AE1A1397.11 NWhat type of FCC-issued license or permit is required to transmit amateur communications from a vessel registered in the US while in international waters? Any amateur license with an FCC Marine or Aircraft endorsement Any amateur license or reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee Any General class or higher license An Extra class license BE1B0197.13a NWhich of the following factors might restrict the physical location of an amateur operator's station equipment or antenna structure? The land may have environmental importance; or it is significant in American history, architecture or culture The location's political or societal importance The location's geographical or horticultural importance The location's international importance, requiring consultation with one or more foreign governments before installation AE1B0297.13b NOutside of what distance from an FCC monitoring facility may an amateur station be located without concern for protecting the facility from harmful interference? 1 mile 3 miles 10 miles 30 miles AE1B0397.13a NWhat must be done before an amateur station is placed within an officially designated wilderness area or wildlife preserve, or an area listed in the National Register of Historical Places? A proposal must be submitted to the National Park Service A letter of intent must be filed with the National Audubon Society An Environmental Assessment must be submitted to the FCC A form FSD-15 must be submitted to the Department of the Interior CE1B0497.121a NIf an amateur station interferes with the reception of broadcast stations on a well-engineered receiver, during what hours shall the amateur station NOT be operated on the interfering frequencies? Daily from 8 PM to 10:30 PM local time and additionally from 10:30 AM to 1 PM on Sunday Daily from 6 PM to 12 AM local time and additionally from 8 AM to 5 PM on Sunday Daily for any continuous span of at least 2.5 hours and for at least 5 continuous hours on Sunday Daily for any continuous span of at least 6 hours and for at least 9 continuous hours on Sunday AE1B0597.121a NIf an amateur station causes interference to the reception of a domestic broadcast station with a receiver of good engineering design, on what frequencies may the operation of the amateur station be restricted?On the frequency used by the domestic broadcast station On all frequencies below 30 MHz On all frequencies above 30 MHz On the interfering amateur frequency or frequencies DE1B0697.113c NWhen may a paid professional teacher be the control operator of an amateur station used in the teacher's classroom? Only when the teacher is not paid during periods of time when an amateur station is used Only when the classroom is in a correctional institution Only when the station is used by that teacher as a part of classroom instruction at an educational institution Only when the station is restricted to making contacts with similar stations at other educational institutions CE1B0797.113c NWho may accept compensation when acting as a control operator in a classroom? Any licensed amateur Only teachers at educational institutions Only teachers at correctional institutions Only students at educational or correctional institutions BE1B0897.15e NWhat limits must state and local authorities observe when legislating height and dimension restrictions for amateur antenna structures? FAA regulations specify a minimum height for amateur antenna structures located near airports FCC regulations specify a 200 foot minimum height for amateur antenna structures State and local restrictions of amateur antenna structures are not allowed PRB-1 specifies that authorities must reasonably accommodate the installation of amateur antenna structures DE1B0997.15 NIf an amateur antenna structure is located in a valley or canyon, what height restrictions apply? The structure must not extend more that 200 feet above average height of the terrain The structure must be no higher than 200 feet above ground level at its site There are no height restrictions since the structure would not be a hazard to aircraft in a valley or canyon The structure must not extend more that 200 feet above the top of the valley or canyon BE1B1097.15 NOther than the general limitations placed on amateur antenna structures, what special restrictions are placed on amateur repeater, beacon or auxiliary station antenna structures? Approval from the FCC is required if the gain of the antenna is greater than 6 dBi None Approval from local authorities must be obtained prior to antenna installation Such structures are limited to a height no greater than 20 feet above average terrain BE1B1197.15b&c NWhat kind of approval is required before erecting an amateur antenna located near an airport as defined in the FCC rules? The FAA and FCC both must approve any type of antenna structure located near an airport Approval must be obtained from the airport manager Approval must be obtained from the local zoning authorities The FCC must approve an antenna structure that is higher than 20 feet above any natural or existing man made structure DE1B1297.15 NWhat special restrictions does the FCC impose on amateur antennas mounted on motor vehicles? Such antennas may not extend more than 15 feet above the roof of the vehicle Complex antennas, such as a Yagi or quad beam, may not be installed on motor vehicles None Such antennas must comply with the recommendations of the vehicle manufacturer CE1C0197.5c1, 97.17d1 NWhat is an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? An FCC authorization to a holder of an amateur license issued by certain foreign governments to operate an amateur station in the US An FCC permit to allow a US licensed amateur to operate in a foreign nation, except Canada An FCC permit allowing a foreign licensed amateur to handle third-party traffic between the US and the amateur's own nation An FCC agreement with another country allowing the passing of third-party traffic between amateurs of the two nations AE1C0297.17 NWho is eligible for an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? Anyone holding a valid amateur license issued by a foreign government Any non-US citizen holding an amateur license issued by a foreign government with which the US has a reciprocal operating agreementAnyone holding a valid amateur license issued by a foreign government with which the US has a reciprocal operating agreement Any non-US citizen holding a valid amateur or shortwave listener's license issued by a foreign government BE1C0397.107 NWhat operator frequency privileges are authorized by an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? Those authorized to a holder of the equivalent US amateur license, unless the FCC specifies otherwise by endorsement on the permit Those that the holder of the permit would have in their own country Those authorized to US amateurs that the holder of the permit would have in their own country, unless the FCC specifies otherwise Only those frequencies approved by the International Amateur Radio Union, unless the FCC specifies otherwise CE1C0497.119f NWhat additional station identification, in addition to his or her own call sign, does an alien operator supply when operating in the US under an FCC reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? No additional identification is required The grid-square locator closest to his or her present location is included before the call The serial number of the permit and the call-letter district number of the station location is included before the call The letter-numeral indicating the station location in the US is included before their own call and closest city and state DE1C0597.17d3 NWhen may a US citizen holding a foreign amateur license obtain an FCC Reciprocal Operating Permit? Never; US citizens are not eligible When the citizen has imported his or her equipment from the foreign country When the citizen has never held a US amateur license When the citizen has no current US amateur license AE1C0697.17b,d NWhat form would a citizen of a foreign country use to apply for a reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? FCC Form 610 Department of Immigration Form 610 FCC Form 610-A FCC Alien Registration Form ARF-1 CE1C0797.17d NWhich of the following would disqualify a foreign amateur from being eligible for a US reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee? Holding only an amateur license issued by a country but not being a citizen of that country Citizenship in their own country but not US citizenship Holding only an amateur license issued by their own country but holding no US amateur license Holding an amateur license issued by their own country granting them frequency privileges beyond US Extra class privileges AE1C0897.5c2 NWhat special document is required before a Canadian citizen holding a Canadian amateur license may operate in the US? All aliens, including Canadians, must obtain a reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee No special document is required The citizen must have an FCC-issued validation of their Canadian license The citizen must have an FCC-issued Certificate of US License Grant without Examination to operate for a period longer than ten days BE1C0997.17 NWhat is the minimum age for which a reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee may be issued to a foreign amateur? 16 years for Canadian citizens, 18 years for all others 18 years 21 years There is no minimum age DE1C1097.25b NHow long from the date of issue is a reciprocal permit valid? Thirty days Ninety days One year Ten years CE1C1197.17d4 NWhat happens if a person holding a reciprocal permit for alien amateur licensee qualifies for, and is granted a US amateur license? The operator must use the US call sign when operating within their US license privileges, and the foreign license call sign otherwise The reciprocal permit becomes void and the operator is restricted to the privileges of the US license The operator may use either his/her US or foreign call sign when operating within the US license privileges The US amateur license will be voided as soon as the FCC audits their amateur license database BE1D0197.3a35 NWhat is RACES? An amateur network for providing emergency communications during athletic races The Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service The Radio Amateur Corps for Engineering Services An amateur network for providing emergency communications during boat or aircraft races BE1D0297.3a35 NWhat is the purpose of RACES? To provide civil-defense communications during emergencies To provide emergency communications for boat or aircraft races To provide routine and emergency communications for athletic races To provide routine and emergency military communications AE1D0397.407a NWith what other organization must an amateur station be registered before RACES registration is permitted? The Amateur Radio Emergency Service The US Department of Defense A civil defense organization The FCC Field Operations Bureau CE1D0497.407a NWhich amateur stations may be operated in RACES? Only Extra class amateur stations Any licensed amateur station (except a station licensed to a Novice) Any licensed amateur station certified by the responsible civil defense organization Any licensed amateur station (except a station licensed to a Novice) certified by the responsible civil defense organization CE1D0597.21a1 NApplication for modification of a RACES license must be made on what FCC form, and sent to what FCC office? Form 610, sent to Washington, DC Form 610, sent to Gettysburg, PA Form 610-A, sent to Washington, DC Form 610-B, sent to Gettysburg, PA DE1D0697.407a NWho may be the control operator of a RACES station? Anyone who holds an FCC-issued amateur license other than Novice Only an Extra class licensee Anyone who holds an FCC-issued amateur license other than Novice and is certified by a civil defense organization Anyone who holds an FCC-issued amateur license and is certified by a civil defense organization DE1D0797.407b NWhat additional operator privileges are granted to an Extra class operator registered with RACES? None CW operations on 5167.5 kHz Unattended HF packet-radio station operations 237-MHz civil defense band operations AE1D0897.407b NWhat frequencies are normally available for RACES operation? Only those frequencies authorized to civil defense organizations Only those frequencies authorized to emergency military communications Only the top 25 kHz of each amateur frequency band All frequencies available to the amateur service DE1D0997.407b NWhat type of emergency can cause limits to be placed on the frequencies available for RACES operation? An emergency in which the President invokes the War Emergency Powers under the provisions of the Communications Act of 1934 An emergency in only one state in the US would limit RACES operations to a single HF frequency band An emergency confined to a 25-mile area would limit RACES operations to a single VHF band An emergency involving no immediate danger of loss of life AE1D1097.407c,d NWith what stations may amateur RACES stations communicate? Any RACES stations and any amateur stations except stations licensed to Novices Any RACES stations and certain other stations authorized by the responsible civil defense official Any amateur station or a station in the Disaster Communications Service Any amateur station and any military emergency station BE1D1197.407e NWhat are permissible communications in RACES? Any type of communications when there is no emergency Any Amateur Radio Emergency Service communications National defense or immediate safety of people and property and communications authorized by the area civil defense organization National defense and security or immediate safety of people and property communications authorized by the President CE1E0197.3a3 NWhat is the Amateur Satellite Service? A radio navigation service using stations on earth satellites for the same purposes as those of the amateur service A radio communication service using stations on earth satellites for weather information gathering A radio communication service using stations on earth satellites for the same purpose as those of the amateur service A radio location service using stations on earth satellites for amateur radar experimentation CE1E0297.207 NWhich HF amateur bands have frequencies available for space operation? Only 40 m, 20 m, 17 m, 15 m, 12 m and 10 m Only 40 m, 30 m, 20 m, 15 m and 10 m Only 40 m, 30 m, 20 m, 15 m, 12 m and 10 m All HF bands, but only in the Extra class segments AE1E0497.3a42 NWhat type of amateur station operation transmits communications used to initiate, modify or terminate the functions of a space station? Space operation Telecommand operation Earth operation Control operation BE1E0597.211a NWhich amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations? Any except those of Novice licensees Only those of Extra class licensees Only a station operated by the space station licensee Any station designated by the space station licensee DE1E0697.207f NWhat term does the FCC use for space-to-earth transmissions used to communicate the results of measurements made by a space station? Data transmission Frame check sequence Telemetry Telecommand CE1E0797.3a38 NWhat is the term used to describe the operation of an amateur station that is more than 50 km above the earth's surface? EME station operation Space station operation Downlink station operation Ionospheric station operation BE1E0897.207a NWhich amateur stations are eligible for space operation? Any except those of Novice licensees Only those of General, Advanced or Extra class licensees Only those of Extra class licensees Any amateur station DE1E0997.207g NBefore initiating space station transmissions, by when must the licensee of the station give the FCC prior written pre-space notification? Before 3 months and before 72 hours Before 6 months and before 3 months Before 12 months and before 3 months Before 27 months and before 5 months DE1E1097.207h NAfter space station transmissions are initiated, by when must the licensee of the station give the FCC written in-space notification? Within 24 hours Within 72 hours Within 7 days Within 30 days CE1E1197.207i NAfter space station transmissions are terminated, by when must the licensee of the station normally give the FCC written post-space notification? No later than 48 hours No later than 72 hours No later than 7 days No later than 3 months DE1E1297.3a15 NWhat term describes an amateur station located on or within 50 km of earth's surface intended for communications with space stations? Telecommand station Earth station Telemetry station Auxiliary station BE1F0197.521 NWhat is a Volunteer Examiner Coordinator? A person who has volunteered to administer amateur license examinations A person who has volunteered to prepare amateur license examinations An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate amateur license examinations given by Volunteer Examiners An organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate the preparation of amateur license examinations CE1F0297.519, .521, .523NWhich of the following is NOT among the functions of a VEC? Prepare and administer amateur operator license examinations, grade examinee's answers and inform examinees of their pass/fail results Collect FCC Forms 610 documents and test results from the administering VEs Assure that all desiring an amateur operator license examination are registered without regard to race, sex, religion or national originCooperate in maintaining a pool of questions for each written amateur examination element AE1F0397.521 NWhich of the following is NOT among the qualifying requirements to be a VEC? Be an organization that exists for the purpose of furthering the amateur service Be engaged in the manufacture and/or sale of amateur station equipment or amateur license preparation materials Agree to coordinate examinations for all classes of amateur operator licenses Agree to administer amateur operator license examinations in accordance with FCC Rules throughout at least one call-letter district BE1F0697.519a NWhat organization coordinates the preparing and administration of amateur license examinations? The FCC A VEC A group of three or more volunteers A local radio club BE1F0997.525a4 NUnder what circumstances may a VEC refuse to accredit a person as a Volunteer Examiner? If the VEC determines that questions of the person's integrity or honesty could compromise amateur license examinations If the VEC determines that the person is a Volunteer Examiner for another VEC If the prospective VE is not a member of a club actively engaged in the preparation and administration of amateur license examinations If the prospective VE is a citizen of a foreign country AE1F1197.523 NWhere are the questions listed that must be used in all written US amateur license examinations? In the instructions each VEC gives to their VEs In an FCC-maintained question pool In the VEC-maintained question pool In the appropriate FCC Report and Order CE1G0197.525 NWhat is an accredited VE? An amateur operator who is approved by three or more fellow VEs to administer amateur license examinations An amateur operator who is approved by a VEC to administer amateur operator license examinations An amateur operator who administers amateur license examinations for a fee An amateur operator who is approved by an FCC staff member to administer amateur license examinations BE1G0297.509b1, 97.525 NWhat is the VE accreditation process? General and higher class licensees are automatically allowed to conduct amateur license examinations once their license is granted The FCC tests volunteers who wish to conduct amateur license examinations A prospective VE requests permission from three or more already accredited VEs to administer amateur license examinations Each VEC ensures its Volunteer Examiner applicants meet FCC requirements to serve as VEs DE1G0497.509b4 NWhich persons seeking to be VEs cannot be accredited? Persons holding less than an Advanced class license Persons less than 21 years of age Persons who have ever had their amateur licenses suspended or revoked Persons who are employees of the federal government CE1G0897.527a NFor what type of services may a VE be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses? Preparing, processing or administering amateur license examinations Teaching and administering amateur license study courses None; a VE cannot be reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses Purchasing and distributing amateur license preparation materials AE1G0997.509e, 97.527b NHow much money beyond reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses may a person accept for serving as a VE? None Up to the national minimum hourly wage times the number of hours spent serving as a VE Up to the maximum fee per applicant set by the FCC each year As much as applicants are willing to donate AE1G1097.507a, b, c NWho may prepare an Element 3(A) amateur operator license examination? A VEC that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin A General, Advanced, or Extra class VE or a qualified supplier that selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool An Extra class VE who selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin The FCC, which selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool BE1G1197.507a, b, c NWho may prepare an Element 3(B) amateur operator license examination? An Extra class VE who selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin A VEC that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin An Advanced or Extra class VE or a qualified supplier that selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool The, FCC which selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool CE1G1297.507a, b, c NWho may prepare an Element 4(A) or 4(B) amateur operator license examination? The FCC, which selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool A VEC that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin An Extra class VE that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletin An Extra class VE or a qualified supplier who selects questions from the appropriate VEC question pool DE1H0197.505a6 NWhat amateur operator license examination credit must be given for a valid Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE)? Only the written elements the CSCE indicates the examinee passed Only the telegraphy elements the CSCE indicates the examinee passed Each element the CSCE indicates the examinee passed No credit CE1H0297.509c NWhere must Volunteer Examiners be while they are conducting an amateur license examination? They must all be present and observing the candidate(s) throughout the entire examination They must all leave the room after handing out the exams to allow the candidate(s) to concentrate on the exam material They may be anywhere as long as at least one VE is present and is observing the candidate(s) throughout the entire examination They may be anywhere as long as they are listed as having participated in the examination AE1H0397.509c NWho is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an amateur operator license examination session? The VEC coordinating the session The FCC The administering Volunteer Examiners The Volunteer Examiner in charge of the session CE1H0497.509c NWhat should a VE do if a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's instructions during an amateur operator license examination? Warn the candidate that continued failure to comply will result in termination of the examination Immediately terminate the candidate's examination Allow the candidate to complete the examination, but invalidate the results Immediately terminate everyone's examination and close the session BE1H0597.509h NWhat must be done with the test papers of each element completed by the candidates(s) at an amateur operator license examination? They must be collected and graded by the administering VEs within 10 days of the examination They must be collected and sent to the coordinating VEC for grading within 10 days of the examination They must be collected and graded immediately by the administering VEs They must be collected and sent to the FCC for grading within 10 days of the examination CE1H0697.509j NWhat must the VEs do if an examinee for an amateur operator license does not score a passing grade on all examination elements needed for an upgrade? Return the application document to the examinee and inform the examinee of the grade(s) Return the application document to the examinee and inform the examinee which questions were incorrectly answered Simply inform the examinee of the failure(s) Inform the examinee which questions were incorrectly answered and show how the questions should have been answered AE1H0897.509m NWhat must the VEs do if one or more examinees upgrade at an amateur operator license examination session? Submit the applications and test papers from upgrading examinees to the coordinating VEC within 10 days of the session Submit the applications and test papers from upgrading examinees to the FCC within 10 days of the session Submit all applications and a copy of all CSCEs given at the session to the FCC within 30 days of the session Submit all applications and test papers from the session to the coordinating VEC within 30 days of the session AE1H0997.509b3i NWhat minimum credentials must a person have to administer an examination for a Novice, Technician, or Technician Plus class license? Any class of amateur operator license the coordinating VEC designates as an examiner A General, Advanced or Extra class amateur operator license and VEC accreditation A General, Advanced or Extra class amateur operator license and FCC accreditation A General, Advanced or Extra class amateur operator license BE1H1097.509b3ii NWhat minimum credentials must a person have to administer an examination for a General, Advanced or Extra class operator license? Any class of amateur operator license the coordinating VEC designates as an examiner An Extra class amateur operator license FCC accreditation and an Extra class amateur operator license VEC accreditation and an Extra class amateur operator license DE1H11none NWhat document allows an amateur who has passed an examination for, but has not yet received an FCC grant of, a higher class license to operate using the privileges of the new license? A Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE) issued by the VE Team that administered the examination An FCC Form 610 certified for the higher class license by the VE Team that administered the examination The list of upgrading applicants sent to the VEC coordinating the examination by the administering VE Team The list of upgrading applicants sent to the FCC from the VEC coordinating the examination AE1H1297.119e4 NHow must an Advanced class amateur holding a Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE) for an Extra class license identify his or her station when using Extra class license privileges? An identifier code of "Extra" must be used as a prefix to the amateur's call sign An identifier code of "AE" must be used as a suffix to the amateur's call sign The phrase "operating temporary Extra" must be added as a suffix to the amateur's call sign The identifier code of "E" must be added as a prefix to the amateur's call sign BE2A01none NWhat is the direction of an ascending pass for an amateur satellite? From west to east From east to west From south to north From north to south CE2A02none NWhat is the direction of a descending pass for an amateur satellite? From north to south From west to east From east to west From south to north AE2A03none NWhat is the period of an amateur satellite? The point of maximum height of a satellite's orbit The point of minimum height of a satellite's orbit The amount of time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbit The time it takes a satellite to travel from perigee to apogee CE2A04none NWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode A in amateur satellite operations? Satellite receiving on 10 meters and retransmitting on 2 meters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 2 meters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 10 meters Satellite receiving on 2 meters and retransmitting on 10 meters DE2A05none NWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode B in amateur satellite operations? Satellite receiving on 10 meters and retransmitting on 2 meters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 2 meters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 10 meters Satellite receiving on 2 meters and retransmitting on 10 meters BE2A06none NWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode J in amateur satellite operations? Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 2 meters Satellite receiving on 2 meters and retransmitting on 10 meters Satellite receiving on 2 meters and retransmitting on 70 centimeters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and transmitting on 10 meters CE2A07none NWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode L in amateur satellite operations? Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 10 meters Satellite receiving on 10 meters and retransmitting on 70 centimeters Satellite receiving on 70 centimeters and retransmitting on 23 centimeters Satellite receiving on 23 centimeters and retransmitting on 70 centimeters DE2A08none NWhat is a linear transponder? A repeater that passes only linear or CW signals A device that receives and retransmits signals of any mode in a certain passband An amplifier that varies its output linearly in response to input signals A device which responds to satellite telecommands and is used to activate a linear sequence of events BE2A09none NWhat is the name of the effect which causes the downlink frequency of a satellite to vary by several kHz during a low-earth orbit because the distance between the satellite and ground station is changing? The Kepler effect The Bernoulli effect The Einstein effect The Doppler effect DE2A10none NWhy does the received signal from a Phase 3 amateur satellite exhibit a fairly rapid pulsed fading effect? Because the satellite is rotating Because of ionospheric absorption Because of the satellite's low orbital altitude Because of the Doppler effect AE2A11none NWhat type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and Faraday rotation? A nonpolarized antenna A circularly polarized antenna An isotropic antenna A log-periodic dipole array BE2B01none NHow many times per second is a new frame transmitted in a fast-scan television system? 30 60 90 120 AE2B02none NHow many horizontal lines make up a fast-scan television frame? 30 60 525 1050 CE2B03none NHow is the interlace scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan television system? By scanning the field from top to bottom By scanning the field from bottom to top By scanning from left to right in one field and right to left in the next By scanning odd numbered lines in one field and even numbered ones in the next DE2B04none NWhat is blanking in a video signal? Synchronization of the horizontal and vertical sync pulses Turning off the scanning beam while it is traveling from right to left and from bottom to top Turning off the scanning beam at the conclusion of a transmission Transmitting a black and white test pattern BE2B05none NWhat is the standard video voltage level between the sync tip and the whitest white at TV camera outputs and modulator inputs? 1 volt peak-to-peak 120 IEEE units 12 volts DC 5 volts RMS AE2B06none NWhat is the bandwidth of a vestigial sideband AM fast-scan television transmission? 3 kHz 10 kHz 25 kHz 6 MHz DE2B07none NWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for black? 0% 12.5% 70% 100% CE2B08none NWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for white? 0% 12.5% 70% 100% BE2B09none NWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for blanking? 0% 12.5% 75% 100% CE2B10none NWhich of the following is NOT a characteristic of FMTV (Frequency-Modulated Amateur Television) as compared to vestigial sideband AM television Immunity from fading due to limiting Poor weak-signal performance Greater signal bandwidth Greater complexity of receiving equipment AE2B11none NWhich of the following is NOT a common method of transmitting accompanying audio with amateur fast-scan television? Amplitude modulation of the video carrier Frequency-modulated sub-carrier A separate VHF or UHF audio link Frequency modulation of the video carrier AE2C01none NWhat would be the ideal operating strategy for a worldwide DX contest during a solar minimum instead of a solar maximum? 160-40 meters would be emphasized during the evening; 20 meters during daylight hours There would be little to no strategic difference 80 meters would support worldwide communication during mid-day hours 10 and 15 meters should be tried one hour before sunset AE2C02none NWhen operating during a contest, which of these standards should you generally follow? Always listen before transmitting, be courteous and do not cause harmful interference to other communications Always reply to other stations calling CQ at least as many times as you call CQ When initiating a contact, always reply with the call sign of the station you are calling followed by your own call sign Always include your signal report, name and transmitter power output in any exchange with another station AE2C03none NWhat is one of the main purposes for holding on-the-air operating contests? To test the dollar-to-feature value of station equipment during difficult operating circumstances To enhance the communicating and operating skills of amateurs in readiness for an emergency To measure the ionospheric capacity for refracting RF signals under varying conditions To demonstrate to the FCC that amateur station operation is possible during difficult operating circumstances BE2C04none NWhich of the following is typical of operations during an international amateur DX contest? Calling CQ is always done on an odd minute and listening is always done on an even minute Contacting a DX station is best accomplished when the WWV K index is above a reading of 8 Some DX operators use split frequency operations (transmitting on a frequency different from the receiving frequency) DX contacts during the day are never possible because of known band attenuation from the sun CE2C05none NIf a DX station asks for your grid square locator, what should be your reply? The square of the power fed to the grid of your final amplifier and your current city, state and country The DX station's call sign followed by your call sign and your RST signal report The subsection of the IARU region in which you are located based upon dividing the entire region into a grid of squares 10 km wide Your geographic "Maidenhead" grid location (e.g., FN31AA) based on your current latitude and longitude DE2C06none NWhat does a "Maidenhead" grid square refer to? A two-degree longitude by one degree latitude square, as part of a world wide numbering system A one-degree longitude by one degree latitude square, beginning at the South Pole An antenna made of wire grid used to amplify low-angle incoming signals while reducing high-angle incoming signals An antenna consisting of a screen or grid positioned directly beneath the radiating element AE2C07none NWhich of the following items of information are typically included in a contest exchange? Both stations' call signs and the station antenna type Both stations' call signs and an RST signal report The originating station's call sign and transmitter's manufacturer The originating station's call sign and operator's first name BE2C08none NDuring a VHF/UHF contest, in which band section would you expect to find the highest level of contest activity? At the top of each band, usually in a segment reserved for contests In the middle of each band, usually on the national calling frequency At the bottom of each band, usually in the weak signal segment In the middle of the band, usually 25 kHz above the national calling frequency CE2C09none NWhich of the following frequency ranges is reserved by "gentlemen's agreement" for DX contacts during international 6-meter contests? 50.000 to 50.025 MHz 50.050 to 50.075 MHz 50.075 to 50.100 MHz 50.100 to 50.125 MHz DE2C10none NIf you are in the US calling a station in Texas on a frequency of 1832 kHz and a station replies that you are "in the window," what does this mean? You are operating out of the band privileges of your license You are calling at the wrong time of day to be within the window of frequencies that can be received in Texas at that time You are transmitting in a frequency segment that is reserved for international DX contacts by "gentlemen's agreement" Your modulation has reached an undesirable level and you are interfering with another contact CE2C11none NDuring low sunspot activity, if DX signals become weak and fluttery from Europe across an entire HF band two to three hours after sunset, what could you do to find other European DX stations? Switch to a higher frequency HF band, because the MUF has increased Switch to a lower frequency HF band, because the MUF has decreased Wait 90 minutes or so for the signal degradation to pass Wait 24 hours before attempting another communication on the band BE2D01none NWhat is the most common method of transmitting data emissions below 30 MHz? DTMF tones modulating an FM signal FSK (frequency-shift keying) of an RF carrier AFSK (audio frequency-shift keying) of an FM signal Key-operated on/off switching of an RF carrier BE2D02none NWhat do the letters "FEC" mean as they relate to AMTOR operation? Forward Error Correction First Error Correction Fatal Error Correction Final Error Correction AE2D03none NHow is Forward Error Correction implemented? By transmitting blocks of 3 data characters from the sending station to the receiving station which the receiving station acknowledges By transmitting a special FEC algorithm which the receiving station uses for data validation By transmitting each data character twice, since there is no specific acknowledgment of reception By varying the frequency shift of the transmitted signal according to a predefined algorithm CE2D04none NWhat does "CMD:" mean when it is displayed on the video monitor of a packet station? The TNC is ready to exit the packet terminal program The TNC is in command mode, ready to receive instructions from the keyboard The TNC will exit to the command mode on the next keystroke The TNC is in KISS mode running TCP/IP, ready for the next command BE2D05none NWhat is the Baudot code? A code used to transmit data only in modern computer-based data systems using seven data bits A binary code consisting of eight data bits An alternate name for Morse code The "International Telegraph Alphabet Number 2" (ITA2) which uses five data bits DE2D06none NIf an oscilloscope is connected to a TNC or terminal unit and is displaying two crossed ellipses, one of which suddenly disappears, what would this indicate about the observed signal? The phenomenon known as "selective fading" has occurred One of the signal filters has saturated The receiver should be retuned, as it has probably moved at least 5 kHz from the desired receive frequency The mark and space signal have been inverted and the receiving equipment has not yet responded to the change AE2D07none NWhich of the following systems is used to transmit high-quality still images by radio? AMTOR Baudot RTTY AMTEX Facsimile DE2D08none NWhat special restrictions are imposed on facsimile (fax) transmissions? None; they are allowed on all amateur frequencies They are restricted to 7.245 MHz, 14.245 MHz, 21.345, MHz, and 28.945 MHz They are allowed in phone band segments if their bandwidth is no greater than that of a voice signal of the same modulation type They are not permitted above 54 MHz CE2D09none NWhat is the name for a bulletin transmission system that includes a special header to allow receiving stations to determine if the bulletin has been previously received? ARQ mode A FEC mode B AMTOR AMTEX DE2D10none NWhat is a Packet Cluster Bulletin Board? A packet bulletin board devoted primarily to serving a special interest group A group of general-purpose packet bulletin boards linked together in a "cluster" A special interest cluster of packet bulletin boards devoted entirely to packet radio computer communications A special interest telephone/modem bulletin board devoted to amateur DX operations AE2D11none NWhich of the following statements comparing HF and 2-meter packet operations is NOT true? HF packet typically uses an FSK signal with a data rate of 300 bauds; 2-meter packet uses an AFSK signal with a data rate of 1200 baudsHF packet and 2-meter packet operations use the same code for information exchange HF packet is limited to Extra class amateur licensees; 2 meter packet is open to all but Novice class amateur licensees HF packet operations are limited to "CW/Data"-only band segments; 2- meter packet is allowed wherever FM operations are allowed CE3A01none NWhat is the maximum separation between two stations communicating by moonbounce? 500 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee 2000 miles maximum, if the moon is at apogee 5000 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigee Any distance as long as the stations have a mutual lunar window DE3A02none NWhat characterizes libration fading of an earth-moon-earth signal? A slow change in the pitch of the CW signal A fluttery, rapid irregular fading A gradual loss of signal as the sun rises The returning echo is several hertz lower in frequency than the transmitted signal BE3A03none NWhat are the best days to schedule EME contacts? When the moon is at perigee When the moon is full When the moon is at apogee When the weather at both stations is clear AE3A04none NWhat type of receiving system is required for EME communications? Equipment with very low power output Equipment with very low dynamic range Equipment with very low gain Equipment with very low noise figures DE3A05none NWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting an earth-moon-earth contact? Two-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutes One-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minute Two-and-one-half minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full 2.5 minutes and then receives for the following 2.5 minutes Five-minute sequences, where one station transmits for five minutes and then receives for the following five minutes AE3A06none NWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 432 MHz when attempting an EME contact? Two-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutes One-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minute Two and one half minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full 2.5 minutes and then receives for the following 2.5 minutes Five minute sequences, where one station transmits for five minutes and then receives for the following five minutes CE3A07none NWhat frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 2-meter band? 144.000 - 144.001 MHz 144.000 - 144.100 MHz 144.100 - 144.300 MHz 145.000 - 145.100 MHz BE3A08none NWhat frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 70-cm band? 430.000 - 430.150 MHz 430.100 - 431.100 MHz 431.100 - 431.200 MHz 432.000 - 432.100 MHz DE3A09none NWhen the earth's atmosphere is struck by a meteor, a cylindrical region of free electrons is formed at what layer of the ionosphere? The E layer The F1 layer The F2 layer The D layer AE3A10none NWhich range of frequencies is well suited for meteor-scatter communications? 1.8 - 1.9 MHz 10 - 14 MHz 28 - 148 MHz 220 - 450 MHz CE3A11none NWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting a meteor-scatter contact? Two-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutes One-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minute 15-second sequences, where one station transmits for 15 seconds and then receives for the following 15 seconds 30-second sequences, where one station transmits for 30 seconds and then receives for the following 30 seconds CE3B01none NWhat is transequatorial propagation? Propagation between two points at approximately the same distance north and south of the magnetic equator Propagation between two points at approximately the same latitude on the magnetic equator Propagation between two continents by way of ducts along the magnetic equator Propagation between two stations at the same latitude AE3B02none NWhat is the approximate maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation? 1000 miles 2500 miles 5000 miles 7500 miles CE3B03none NWhat is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation? Morning Noon Afternoon or early evening Late at night CE3B04none NWhat type of propagation is probably occurring if a beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a station to receive the strongest signals? Long-path Sporadic-E Transequatorial Auroral AE3B05none NOn what amateur bands can long-path propagation provide signal enhancement? 160 to 40 meters 30 to 10 meters 160 to 10 meters 160 to 6 meters DE3B06none NWhat amateur band consistently yields long-path enhancement using a modest antenna of relatively high gain? 80 meters 20 meters 10 meters 6 meters BE3B07none NWhat is the typical reason for hearing an echo on the received signal of a station in Europe while directing your HF antenna toward the station? The station's transmitter has poor frequency stability The station's transmitter is producing spurious emissions Auroral conditions are causing a direct and a long-path reflected signal to be received There are two signals being received, one from the most direct path and one from long-path propagation DE3B08none NWhat type of propagation is probably occurring if radio signals travel along the earth's terminator? Transequatorial Sporadic-E Long-path Gray-line DE3B09none NAt what time of day is gray-line propagation most prevalent? Twilight, at sunrise and sunset When the sun is directly above the location of the transmitting station When the sun is directly overhead at the middle of the communications path between the two stations When the sun is directly above the location of the receiving station AE3B10none NWhat is the cause of gray-line propagation? At midday the sun, being directly overhead, superheats the ionosphere causing increased refraction of radio waves At twilight solar absorption drops greatly while atmospheric ionization is not weakened enough to reduce the MUF At darkness solar absorption drops greatly while atmospheric ionization remains steady At midafternoon the sun heats the ionosphere, increasing radio wave refraction and the MUF BE3B11none NWhat communications are possible during gray-line propagation? Contacts up to 2,000 miles only on the 10-meter band Contacts up to 750 miles on the 6- and 2-meter bands Contacts up to 8,000 to 10,000 miles on three or four HF bands Contacts up to 12,000 to 15,000 miles on the 10- and 15-meter bands CE4A01none NHow does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional time-domain oscilloscope? A spectrum analyzer measures ionospheric reflection; an oscilloscope displays electrical signals A spectrum analyzer displays signals in the time domain; an oscilloscope displays signals in the frequency domain A spectrum analyzer displays signals in the frequency domain; an oscilloscope displays signals in the time domain A spectrum analyzer displays radio frequencies; an oscilloscope displays audio frequencies CE4A02none NWhat does the horizontal axis of a spectrum analyzer display? Amplitude Voltage Resonance Frequency DE4A03none NWhat does the vertical axis of a spectrum analyzer display? Amplitude Duration Frequency Time AE4A04none NWhich test instrument is used to display spurious signals from a radio transmitter? A spectrum analyzer A wattmeter A logic analyzer A time-domain reflectometer AE4A05none NWhich test instrument is used to display intermodulation distortion products from an SSB transmitter? A wattmeter A spectrum analyzer A logic analyzer A time-domain reflectometer BE4A06none NWhich of the following is NOT something you would determine with a spectrum analyzer? The degree of isolation between the input and output ports of a 2- meter duplexer Whether a crystal is operating on its fundamental or overtone frequency The speed at which a transceiver switches from transmit to receive when being used for packet radio The spectral output of a transmitter CE4A07none NWhat is an advantage of using a spectrum analyzer to observe the output from a VHF transmitter? There are no advantages; an inexpensive oscilloscope can display the same information It displays all frequency components of the transmitted signal It displays a time-varying representation of the modulation envelope It costs much less than any other instrumentation useful for such measurements BE4A08none NWhat advantage does a logic probe have over a voltmeter for monitoring the status of a logic circuit? It has many more leads to connect to the circuit than a voltmeter It can be used to test analog and digital circuits It can read logic circuit voltage more accurately than a voltmeter It is smaller and shows a simplified readout DE4A09none NWhich test instrument is used to directly indicate high and low digital states? An ohmmeter An electroscope A logic probe A Wheatstone bridge CE4A10none NWhat can a logic probe indicate about a digital logic circuit? A short-circuit fault An open-circuit fault The resistance between logic modules The high and low logic states DE4A11none NWhich test instrument besides an oscilloscope is used to indicate pulse conditions in a digital logic circuit? A logic probe An ohmmeter An electroscope A Wheatstone bridge AE4B01none NWhat two factors determine the sensitivity of a receiver? Dynamic range and third-order intercept Cost and availability Intermodulation distortion and dynamic range Bandwidth and noise figure DE4B02none NWhat is the limiting condition for sensitivity in a communications receiver? The noise floor of the receiver The power-supply output ripple The two-tone intermodulation distortion The input impedance to the detector AE4B03none NSelectivity can be achieved in the front-end circuitry of a communications receiver by using what means? An audio filter An additional RF amplifier stage A preselector An additional IF amplifier stage CE4B04none NWhat occurs during CW reception if too narrow a filter bandwidth is used in the IF stage of a receiver? Undesired signals will reach the audio stage Output-offset overshoot Cross-modulation distortion Filter ringing DE4B05none NWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an amateur RTTY receiver? 100 Hz 300 Hz 6000 Hz 2400 Hz BE4B06none NWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of a single-sideband phone receiver? 1 kHz 2.4 kHz 4.2 kHz 4.8 kHz BE4B07none NWhat is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF section of a receiver? Output-offset overshoot Filter ringing Thermal-noise distortion Undesired signals will reach the audio stage DE4B08none NHow should the filter bandwidth of a receiver IF section compare with the bandwidth of a received signal? It should be slightly greater than the received-signal bandwidth It should be approximately half the received-signal bandwidth It should be approximately twice the received-signal bandwidth It should be approximately four times the received-signal bandwidth AE4B09none NWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an FM-phone receiver? 1 kHz 2.4 kHz 4.2 kHz 15 kHz DE4B10none NSelectivity can be achieved in the IF circuitry of a communications receiver by what means? Vary the supply voltage to the local oscillator circuitry Replace the standard JFET mixer with a bipolar transistor followed by a capacitor of the proper value Remove AGC action from the IF stage and confine it to the audio stage only Incorporate a high-Q filter DE4B11none NWhat is meant by the dynamic range of a communications receiver? The number of kHz between the lowest and the highest frequency to which the receiver can be tuned The maximum possible undistorted audio output of the receiver, referenced to one milliwatt The ratio between the minimum discernible signal and the largest tolerable signal without causing audible distortion products The difference between the lowest-frequency signal and the highest-frequency signal detectable without moving the tuning knob CE4B12none NWhat type of problems are caused by poor dynamic range in a communications receiver? Cross modulation of the desired signal and desensitization from strong adjacent signals Oscillator instability requiring frequent retuning, and loss of ability to recover the opposite sideband, should it be transmitted Cross modulation of the desired signal and insufficient audio power to operate the speaker Oscillator instability and severe audio distortion of all but the strongest received signals AE4B13none NWhat defines the noise figure of a communications receiver? The level of noise entering the receiver from the antenna The relative strength of a received signal 3 kHz away from the carrier frequency The level of noise generated in the front end and succeeding stages of a receiver The ability of a receiver to reject unwanted signals at frequencies close to the desired one CE4C01none NWhat is one of the most significant problems associated with mobile transceivers? Ignition noise Doppler shift Radar interference Mechanical vibrations AE4C02none NWhat is the proper procedure for suppressing electrical noise in a mobile transceiver? Apply shielding and filtering where necessary Insulate all plane sheet metal surfaces from each other Apply antistatic spray liberally to all non-metallic surfaces Install filter capacitors in series with all DC wiring AE4C03none NWhere can ferrite beads be installed to suppress ignition noise in a mobile transceiver? In the resistive high-voltage cable Between the starter solenoid and the starter motor In the primary and secondary ignition leads In the antenna lead to the transceiver CE4C04none NHow can ensuring good electrical contact between connecting metal surfaces in a vehicle reduce ignition noise? It reduces the frequency of the ignition spark It helps radiate the ignition noise away from the vehicle It encourages lower frequency electrical resonances in the vehicle It reduces static buildup on the vehicle body CE4C05none NHow can alternator whine be minimized? By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest possible path By connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the shortest possible path By installing a high-pass filter in series with the radio's DC power lead to the vehicle's electrical system By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead BE4C06none NHow can conducted and radiated noise caused by an automobile alternator be suppressed? By installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead and by installing a blocking capacitor in the field lead By connecting the radio to the battery by the longest possible path and installing a blocking capacitor in both leads By installing a high-pass filter in series with the radio's power lead and a low-pass filter in parallel with the field lead By connecting the radio's power leads directly to the battery and by installing coaxial capacitors in the alternator leads DE4C07none NWhat is a major cause of atmospheric static? Sunspots Thunderstorms Airplanes Meteor showers BE4C08none NHow can you determine if a line-noise interference problem is being generated within your home? Check the power-line voltage with a time-domain reflectometer Observe the AC waveform on an oscilloscope Turn off the main circuit breaker and listen on a battery-operated radio Observe the power-line voltage on a spectrum analyzer CE4C09none NHow can you reduce noise from an electric motor? Install a ferrite bead on the AC line used to power the motor Install a brute-force, AC-line filter in series with the motor leads Install a bypass capacitor in series with the motor leads Use a ground-fault current interrupter in the circuit used to power the motor BE4C10none NWhat type of signal is picked up by electrical wiring near a radio transmitter? A common-mode signal at the frequency of the radio transmitter An electrical-sparking signal A differential-mode signal at the AC-line frequency Harmonics of the AC-line frequency AE4C11none NWhat type of equipment cannot be used to locate power line noise? An AM receiver with a directional antenna An FM receiver with a directional antenna A hand-held RF sniffer An ultrasonic transducer, amplifier and parabolic reflector BE4D01none NWhat is the main drawback of a wire-loop antenna for direction finding? It has a bidirectional pattern broadside to the loop It is non-rotatable It receives equally well in all directions It is practical for use only on VHF bands AE4D02none NWhat pattern is desirable for a direction-finding antenna? One which is non-cardioid One with good front-to-back and front-to-side ratios One with good top-to-bottom and side-to-side ratios One with shallow nulls BE4D03none NWhat is the triangulation method of direction finding? The geometric angle of ground waves and sky waves from the signal source are used to locate the source A fixed receiving station plots three beam headings from the signal source on a map Beam headings from several receiving stations are used to plot the signal source on a map A fixed receiving station uses three different antennas to plot the location of the signal source CE4D04none NWhy is an RF attenuator desirable in a receiver used for direction finding? It narrows the bandwidth of the received signal It eliminates the effects of isotropic radiation It reduces loss of received signals caused by antenna pattern nulls It prevents receiver overload from extremely strong signals DE4D05none NWhat is a sense antenna? A vertical antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception pattern A horizontal antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception pattern A vertical antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a omnidirectional reception pattern A horizontal antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a omnidirectional reception pattern AE4D06none NWhat type of antenna is most useful for sky-wave reception in radio direction finding? A log-periodic dipole array An isotropic antenna A circularly-polarized antenna An Adcock antenna DE4D08none NHow can the output voltage of a loop antenna be increased? By reducing the permeability of the loop shield By increasing the number of wire turns in the loop and reducing the area of the loop structure By reducing either the number of wire turns in the loop or the area of the loop structure By increasing either the number of wire turns in the loop or the area of the loop structure DE4D09none NWhy is an antenna system with a cardioid pattern desirable for a direction-finding system? The broad-side responses of the cardioid pattern can be aimed at the desired station The deep null of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired station The sharp peak response of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired station The high-radiation angle of the cardioid pattern is useful for short-distance direction finding BE4D10none NWhat type of terrain can cause errors in direction finding? Homogeneous terrain Smooth grassy terrain Varied terrain Terrain with no buildings or mountains CE4D11none NWhat is the activity known as fox hunting? Amateurs using receivers and direction-finding techniques attempt to locate a hidden transmitter Amateurs using transmitting equipment and direction-finding techniques attempt to locate a hidden receiver Amateurs helping the government track radio-transmitter collars attached to animals Amateurs assemble stations using generators and portable antennas to test their emergency communications skills AE5A01none NWhat is photoconductivity? The conversion of photon energy to electromotive energy The increased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction The conversion of electromotive energy to photon energy The decreased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction BE5A02none NWhat happens to the conductivity of a photoconductive material when light shines on it? It increases It decreases It stays the same It becomes temperature dependent AE5A03none NWhat happens to the resistance of a photoconductive material when light shines on it? It increases It becomes temperature dependent It stays the same It decreases DE5A04none NWhat happens to the conductivity of a semiconductor junction when light shines on it? It stays the same It becomes temperature dependent It increases It decreases CE5A05none NWhat is an optocoupler? A resistor and a capacitor A frequency modulated helium-neon laser An amplitude modulated helium-neon laser An LED and a phototransistor DE5A06none NWhat is an optoisolator? An LED and a phototransistor A P-N junction that develops an excess positive charge when exposed to light An LED and a capacitor An LED and a solar cell AE5A07none NWhat is an optical shaft encoder? An array of neon or LED indicators whose light transmission path is controlled by a rotating wheel An array of optocouplers whose light transmission path is controlled by a rotating wheel An array of neon or LED indicators mounted on a rotating wheel in a coded pattern An array of optocouplers mounted on a rotating wheel in a coded pattern BE5A08none NWhat characteristic of a crystalline solid will photoconductivity change? The capacitance The inductance The specific gravity The resistance DE5A09none NWhich material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when visible light shines on it? Potassium nitrate Lead sulfide Cadmium sulfide Sodium chloride CE5A10none NWhich material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when infrared light shines on it? Potassium nitrate Lead sulfide Cadmium sulfide Sodium chloride BE5A11none NWhich material is affected the most by photoconductivity? A crystalline semiconductor An ordinary metal A heavy metal A liquid semiconductor AE5B01none NWhat is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage? An exponential rate of one One time constant One exponential period A time factor of one BE5B02none NWhat is the term for the time required for the current in an RL circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value? One time constant An exponential period of one A time factor of one One exponential rate AE5B03none NWhat is the term for the time it takes for a charged capacitor in an RC circuit to discharge to 36.8% of its initial value of stored charge? One discharge period An exponential discharge rate of one A discharge factor of one One time constant DE5B04none NThe capacitor in an RC circuit is charged to what percentage of the supply voltage after two time constants? 36.8% 63.2% 86.5% 95% CE5B05none NThe capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what percentage of the starting voltage after two time constants? 86.5% 63.2% 36.8% 13.5% DE5B06none NWhat is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in series? 47 seconds 101.1 seconds 103 seconds 220 seconds AE5B07none NWhat is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel? 47 seconds 101.1 seconds 103 seconds 220 seconds DE5B084BE-2B.12 NWhat is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in series with a 470-kilohm resistor? 47 seconds 80 seconds 103 seconds 220 seconds CE5B09none NHow long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 7.36 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it? 0.02 seconds 0.08 seconds 450 seconds 1350 seconds AE5B10none NHow long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.37 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it? 0.02 seconds 0.08 seconds 450 seconds 1350 seconds BE5B11none NHow long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 294 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it? 0.02 seconds 0.08 seconds 450 seconds 1350 seconds CE5C01none NWhat type of graph can be used to calculate impedance along transmission lines? A Smith chart A logarithmic chart A Jones chart A radiation pattern chart AE5C02none NWhat type of coordinate system is used in a Smith chart? Voltage and current circles Resistance and reactance circles Voltage and current lines Resistance and reactance lines BE5C03none NWhat type of calculations can be performed using a Smith chart? Beam headings and radiation patterns Satellite azimuth and elevation bearings Impedance and SWR values in transmission lines Circuit gain calculations CE5C04none NWhat are the two families of circles that make up a Smith chart? Resistance and voltage Reactance and voltage Resistance and reactance Voltage and impedance CE5C05none YWhat type of chart is shown in Figure E5-1? Smith chart Free-space radiation directivity chart Vertical-space radiation pattern chart Horizontal-space radiation pattern chart AE5C06none YOn the Smith chart shown in Figure E5-1, what is the name for the large outer circle bounding the coordinate portion of the chart? Prime axis Reactance axis Impedance axis Polar axis BE5C07none YOn the Smith chart shown in Figure E5-1, what is the only straight line shown? The reactance axis The current axis The voltage axis The resistance axis DE5C08none NWhat is the process of normalizing with regard to a Smith chart? Reassigning resistance values with regard to the reactance axis Reassigning reactance values with regard to the resistance axis Reassigning resistance values with regard to the prime center Reassigning prime center with regard to the reactance axis CE5C09none NWhat are the curved lines on a Smith chart? Portions of current circles Portions of voltage circles Portions of resistance circles Portions of reactance circles DE5C10none NWhat is the third family of circles, which are added to a Smith chart during the process of solving problems? Standing-wave ratio circles Antenna-length circles Coaxial-length circles Radiation-pattern circles AE5C11none NHow are the wavelength scales on a Smith chart calibrated? In portions of transmission line electrical frequency In portions of transmission line electrical wavelength In portions of antenna electrical wavelength In portions of antenna electrical frequency BE5D01none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 20-ohm resistor at 30 MHz? 20 + j19 20 - j19 19 + j20 19 - j20 AE5D02none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 30-ohm resistor at 5 MHz? 30 + j3 30 - j3 3 + j30 3 - j30 AE5D03none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-microhenry inductor in series with a 40-ohm resistor at 500 MHz? 40 + j31,400 40 - j31,400 31,400 + j40 31,400 - j40 AE5D04none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-picofarad capacitor in parallel with a 4,000-ohm resistor at 500 kHz? 2490 ohms, / 51.5 degrees 4000 ohms, / 38.5 degrees 2490 ohms, / -51.5 degrees 5112 ohms, / -38.5 degrees CE5D05none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.001-microfarad capacitor in series with a 400-ohm resistor at 500 kHz? 318 - j400 400 - j318 400 + j318 318 + j400 BE5D06none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 50-ohm resistor and a 140-picofarad capacitor at 7 MHz? 162 - j50 212 - j162 50 - j162 50 + j162 CE5D07none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a resistance of 4 ohms, an inductive reactance of 4 ohms, and a capacitive reactance of 1 ohm? 6.4 ohms / 53 degrees 5 ohms / 37 degrees 5 ohms / 45 degrees 10 ohms / -51 degrees BE5D08none YWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 400-ohm resistor and a 38-picofarad capacitor at 14 MHz? Point 2 Point 4 Point 5 Point 6 BE5D09none YWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300-ohm resistor and an 18-microhenry inductor at 3.505 MHz? Point 1 Point 3 Point 7 Point 8 BE5D10none YWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300-ohm resistor and a 19-picofarad capacitor at 21.200 MHz? Point 1 Point 3 Point 7 Point 8 AE5D11none YWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300-ohm resistor, a 0.64-microhenry inductor and a 85-picofarad capacitor at 24.900 MHz? Point 1 Point 3 Point 5 Point 8 DE5E01none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 100-ohm resistor? 121 ohms, / 35 degrees 141 ohms, / 45 degrees 161 ohms, / 55 degrees 181 ohms, / 65 degrees BE5E02none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor, a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor, and a 100-ohm resistor all connected in series? 100 ohms, / 90 degrees 10 ohms, / 0 degrees 10 ohms, / 100 degrees 100 ohms, / 0 degrees DE5E03none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor? 240 ohms, / 36.9 degrees 240 ohms, / -36.9 degrees 500 ohms, / 53.1 degrees 500 ohms, / -53.1 degrees DE5E04none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor, a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series? 500 ohms, / 37 degrees 400 ohms, / 27 degrees 300 ohms, / 17 degrees 200 ohms, / 10 degrees AE5E05none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor? 240 ohms, / 36.9 degrees 240 ohms, / -36.9 degrees 500 ohms, / 53.1 degrees 500 ohms, / -53.1 degrees AE5E06none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-millihenry inductor in series with a 200-ohm resistor at 30 kHz? 200 - j188 200 + j188 188 - j200 188 + j200 BE5E07none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-millihenry inductor in series with a 600-ohm resistor at 10 kHz? 628 + j600 628 - j600 600 + j628 600 - j628 CE5E08none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microfarad capacitor in series with a 40-ohm resistor at 50 kHz? 40 + j32 40 - j32 32 - j40 32 + j40 BE5E09none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 100-ohm resistor? 121 ohms, / -25 degrees 191 ohms, / -85 degrees 161 ohms, / -65 degrees 141 ohms, / -45 degrees DE5E10none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor? 31 ohms, / -15 degrees 51 ohms, / -25 degrees 71 ohms, / -45 degrees 91 ohms, / -65 degrees CE5E11none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 400-ohm resistor? 400 ohms, / 27 degrees 500 ohms, / 37 degrees 500 ohms, / 47 degrees 700 ohms, / 57 degrees BE5F01none NWhen using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the horizontal axis represent? The voltage or current associated with the resistive component The voltage or current associated with the reactive component The sum of the reactive and resistive components The difference between the resistive and reactive components AE5F02none NWhen using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the vertical axis represent? The voltage or current associated with the resistive component The voltage or current associated with the reactive component The sum of the reactive and resistive components The difference between the resistive and reactive components BE5F03none NWhat do the two numbers represent that are used to define a point on a graph using rectangular coordinates? The horizontal and inverted axes The vertical and inverted axes The coordinate values along the horizontal and vertical axes The phase angle with respect to its prime center CE5F04none NIf you plot the impedance of a circuit using the rectangular coordinate system and find the impedance point falls on the right side of the graph on the horizontal line, what do you know about the circuit? It has to be a direct current circuit It contains resistance and capacitive reactance It contains resistance and inductive reactance It is equivalent to a pure resistance DE5F05none NWhy would you plot the impedance of a circuit using the polar coordinate system? To display the data on an "X-Y" chart To give a visual representation of the phase angle To graphically represent the DC component To show the reactance which is present BE5F06none NWhat coordinate system can be used to display the resistive, inductive, and/or capacitive reactance components of an impedance? Maidenhead grid National Bureau of Standards Faraday Rectangular DE5F07none NWhat coordinate system can be used to display the phase angle of a circuit containing resistance, inductive and/or capacitive reactance? Maidenhead grid National Bureau of Standards Faraday Polar DE5F08none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit of 100 -j100 ohms impedance? 141 ohms / -45 degrees 100 ohms / 45 degrees 100 ohms / -45 degrees 141 ohms / 45 degrees AE5F09none NIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 7.09 millisiemens at 45 degrees? 5.03 x 10(-5) ohms / 45 degrees 141 ohms / -45 degrees 19,900 ohms / -45 degrees 141 ohms / 45 degrees BE5F10none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 5 millisiemens at -30 degrees? 173 - j100 ohms 200 + j100 ohms 173 + j100 ohms 200 - j100 ohms CE5F11none NIn rectangular coordinates, what is the admittance of a circuit that has an impedance of 240 ohms at 36.9 degrees? 3.33 x 10(-3) - j2.50 x 10(-3) siemens 3.33 x 10(-3) + j2.50 x 10(-3) siemens 192 + j144 siemens 3.33 - j2.50 siemens AE6A01none NWhat is an enhancement-mode FET? An FET with a channel that blocks voltage through the gate An FET with a channel that allows a current when the gate voltage is zero An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate An FET without a channel; no current occurs with zero gate voltage DE6A02none NWhat is a depletion-mode FET? An FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows with zero gate voltage An FET that has a channel that blocks current when the gate voltage is zero An FET without a channel; no current flows with zero gate voltage An FET without a channel to hinder current through the gate AE6A03none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel MOSFET? 1 2 3 4 BE6A04none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel MOSFET? 2 3 4 5 BE6A05none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET? 2 4 5 6 BE6A06none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel dual-gate MOSFET? 2 4 5 6 CE6A07none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel junction FET? 1 2 3 6 DE6A08none NWhat are the three terminals of a field-effect transistor? Gate 1, gate 2, drain Emitter, base, collector Emitter, base 1, base 2 Gate, drain, source DE6A09none YIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET? 1 2 3 6 AE6A10none NWhy do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes? To provide a voltage reference for the correct amount of reverse-bias gate voltage To protect the substrate from excessive voltages To keep the gate voltage within specifications and prevent the device from overheating To prevent the gate insulation from being punctured by small static charges or excessive voltages DE6A11none NWhat do the initials CMOS stand for? Common mode oscillating system Complementary mica-oxide silicon Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor Complementary metal-oxide substrate CE6A12none NHow does the input impedance of a field-effect transistor compare with that of a bipolar transistor? They cannot be compared without first knowing the supply voltage An FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input impedance An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedance The input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the same CE6B01none NWhat is an operational amplifier? A high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier A high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency- modulated amateur signals to the legal limit A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier AE6B02none NWhat would be the characteristics of the ideal op-amp? Zero input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response Infinite input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response Zero input impedance, zero output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response Infinite input impedance, infinite output impedance, infinite gain, flat frequency response BE6B03none NWhat determines the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit? The external feedback network The collector-to-base capacitance of the PNP stage The power supply voltage The PNP collector load AE6B04none NWhat is meant by the term op-amp input-offset voltage? The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage The difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required in the following stage The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop condition The potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in an open-loop condition CE6B05none NWhat is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp? 100 ohms 1000 ohms Very low Very high DE6B06none NWhat is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp? Very low Very high 100 ohms 1000 ohms AE6B07none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an operational amplifier? 1 3 5 6 DE6B08none NWhat is a phase-locked loop circuit? An electronic servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillator An electronic circuit also known as a monostable multivibrator An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator An electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential input CE6B09none NWhat functions are performed by a phase-locked loop? Wideband AF and RF power amplification Comparison of two digital input signals, digital pulse counter Photovoltaic conversion, optical coupling Frequency synthesis, FM demodulation DE6B10none NWhat is the name of a circuit that compares the difference of the output from a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to a frequency standard and produces an error voltage that changes the VCO's frequency? A doubly balanced mixer A phase-locked loop A differential voltage amplifier A variable frequency oscillator BE6B11none NWhat is the capture range of a phase-locked loop circuit? The frequency range over which the circuit can lock The voltage range over which the circuit can lock The input impedance range over which the circuit can lock The range of time it takes the circuit to lock AE6C01none NWhat is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits? 12 volts 1.5 volts 5 volts 13.6 volts CE6C02none NWhat logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open? A high-logic state A low-logic state The device becomes randomized and will not provide consistent high or low-logic states Open inputs on a TTL device are ignored AE6C03none NWhat level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply? 2.0 to 5.5 volts 1.5 to 3.0 volts 1.0 to 1.5 volts -5.0 to -2.0 volts AE6C04none NWhat level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power-supply? -2.0 to -5.5 volts 2.0 to 5.5 volts 0.0 to 0.8 volts -0.8 to 0.4 volts CE6C05none NWhat is one major advantage of CMOS over other devices? Small size Low power consumption Low cost Ease of circuit design BE6C06none NWhy do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply? Larger bypass capacitors are used in CMOS circuit design The input switching threshold is about two times the power supply voltage The input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply voltage Input signals are stronger CE6C07none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an AND gate? 1 2 3 4 AE6C08none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate? 1 2 3 4 BE6C09none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an OR gate? 2 3 4 6 BE6C10none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate? 1 2 3 4 DE6C11none YIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a NOT gate? 2 4 5 6 CE6D01none NWhat is the name for the vacuum tube commonly found in amateur television cameras? A traveling-wave tube A klystron tube A vidicon tube A cathode-ray tube CE6D02none NHow is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon? By varying the beam voltage By varying the bias voltage on the beam forming grids inside the tube By varying the beam current By varying electromagnetic fields DE6D03none NWhat type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be displayed on the screen? Electromagnetic Tubular Radar Electrostatic DE6D04none NWhat is cathode ray tube (CRT) persistence? The time it takes for an image to appear after the electron beam is turned on The relative brightness of the display under varying conditions of ambient light The ability of the display to remain in focus under varying conditions The length of time the image remains on the screen after the beam is turned off DE6D05none NIf a cathode ray tube (CRT) is designed to operate with an anode voltage of 25,000 volts, what will happen if the anode voltage is increased to 35,000 volts? The image size will decrease and the tube will produce X-rays The image size will increase and the tube will produce X-rays The image will become larger and brighter There will be no apparent change AE6D06none NExceeding what design rating can cause a cathode ray tube (CRT) to generate X-rays? The heater voltage The anode voltage The operating temperature The operating frequency BE6D07none NWhich is NOT true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)? It uses a combination of analog and digital circuitry It can be used to make an audio delay line It can be used as an analog-to-digital converter It samples and stores analog signals CE6D08none NWhich of the following is true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)? Its phase shift changes rapidly with frequency It is a CMOS analog-to-digital converter It samples an analog signal and passes it in stages from the input to the output It is used in a battery charger circuit CE6D09none NWhat function does a charge-coupled device (CCD) serve in a modern video camera? It stores photogenerated charges as signals corresponding to pixels It generates the horizontal pulses needed for electron beam scanning It focuses the light used to produce a pattern of electrical charges corresponding to the image It combines audio and video information to produce a composite RF signal AE6D10none NWhat is a liquid-crystal display (LCD)? A modern replacement for a quartz crystal oscillator which displays its fundamental frequency A display that uses a crystalline liquid to change the way light is refracted A frequency-determining unit for a transmitter or receiver A display that uses a glowing liquid to remain brightly lit in dim light BE6D11none NWhat is the principle advantage of liquid-crystal display (LCD) devices? They consume low power They can display changes instantly They are visible in all light conditions They can be easily interchanged with other display devices AE7A01none NWhat is a bistable multivibrator circuit? An "AND" gate An "OR" gate A flip-flop A clock CE7A02none NHow many output level changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to the input of a "T" flip-flop circuit? None One Two Four CE7A03none NThe frequency of an AC signal can be divided electronically by what type of digital circuit? A free-running multivibrator A bistable multivibrator An OR gate An astable multivibrator BE7A04none NHow many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4? 1 2 4 8 BE7A05none NWhat is the characteristic function of an astable multivibrator? It alternates between two stable states It alternates between a stable state and an unstable state It blocks either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and passes the other It alternates between two unstable states DE7A06none NWhat is the characteristic function of a monostable multivibrator? It switches momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original state It is a "clock" that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0 It stores one bit of data in either a 0 or 1 state It maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage AE7A07none NWhat logical operation does an AND gate perform? It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic "1" It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0" BE7A08none NWhat logical operation does a NAND gate perform? It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "0" It produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1" DE7A09none NWhat logical operation does an OR gate perform? It produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "0" It produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0" AE7A10none NWhat logical operation does a NOR gate perform? It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "0" It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1" It produces a logic "1" at its output only when none of its inputs are logic "0" CE7A11none NWhat is a truth table? A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterize the function of a digital device A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp CE7A12none NIn a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1? A low level A positive-transition level A negative-transition level A high level DE7A13none NIn a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1? A low level A positive-transition level A negative-transition level A high level AE7B01none NWhat is the purpose of a prescaler circuit? It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop It multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency It prevents oscillation in a low-frequency counter circuit It divides an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency DE7B02none NHow many states does a decade counter digital IC have? 2 10 20 100 BE7B03none NWhat is the function of a decade counter digital IC? It produces one output pulse for every ten input pulses It decodes a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display It produces ten output pulses for every input pulse It adds two decimal numbers AE7B04none NWhat additional circuitry is required in a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz? An emitter-follower Two frequency multipliers Two flip-flops A voltage divider CE7B05none NIf a 1-MHz oscillator is used with a divide-by-ten circuit to make a marker generator, what will the output be? A 1-MHz sinusoidal signal with harmonics every 100 kHz A 100-kHz signal with harmonics every 100 kHz A 1-MHz square wave with harmonics every 1 MHz A 100-kHz signal modulated by a 10-kHz signal BE7B06none NWhat is a crystal-controlled marker generator? A low-stability oscillator that "sweeps" through a band of frequencies An oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location relative to the inner and outer markers at airports A high-stability oscillator whose output frequency and amplitude can be varied over a wide range A high-stability oscillator that generates a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals DE7B07none NWhat type of circuit does NOT make a good marker generator? A sinusoidal crystal oscillator A crystal oscillator followed by a class C amplifier A TTL device wired as a crystal oscillator A crystal oscillator and a frequency divider AE7B08none NWhat is the purpose of a marker generator? To add audio markers to an oscilloscope To provide a frequency reference for a phase locked loop To provide a means of calibrating a receiver's frequency settings To add time signals to a transmitted signal CE7B09none NWhat does the accuracy of a frequency counter depend on? The internal crystal reference A voltage-regulated power supply with an unvarying output Accuracy of the AC input frequency to the power supply Proper balancing of the power-supply diodes AE7B10none NHow does a frequency counter determine the frequency of a signal? It counts the total number of pulses in a circuit It monitors a WWV reference signal for comparison with the measured signal It counts the number of input pulses in a specific period of time It converts the phase of the measured signal to a voltage which is proportional to the frequency CE7B11none NWhat is the purpose of a frequency counter? To indicate the frequency of the strongest input signal which is within the counter's frequency range To generate a series of reference signals at known frequency intervals To display all frequency components of a transmitted signal To compare the difference between the input and a voltage-controlled oscillator and produce an error voltage AE7C01none NWhat determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active filter? The values of capacitances and resistances built into the op-amp The values of capacitances and resistances external to the op-amp The input voltage and frequency of the op-amp's DC power supply The output voltage and smoothness of the op-amp's DC power supply BE7C02none NWhat causes ringing in a filter? The slew rate of the filter The bandwidth of the filter The filter shape, as measured in the frequency domain The gain of the filter CE7C03none NWhat are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio filter? Op-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elements Op-amps are fixed at one frequency Op-amps are available in more varieties than are LC elements Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss DE7C04none NWhat type of capacitors should be used in an op-amp RC active filter circuit? Electrolytic Disc ceramic Polystyrene Paper dielectric CE7C05none NHow can unwanted ringing and audio instability be prevented in a multisection op-amp RC audio filter circuit? Restrict both gain and Q Restrict gain, but increase Q Restrict Q, but increase gain Increase both gain and Q AE7C064BG-3B.4 NWhat parameter must be selected when designing an audio filter using an op-amp? Bandpass characteristic Desired current gain Temperature coefficient Output-offset overshoot AE7C07none NThe design of a preselector involves a trade-off between bandwidth and what other factor? The amount of ringing Insertion loss The number of parts The choice of capacitors or inductors BE7C08none NWhen designing an op-amp RC active filter for a given frequency range and Q, what steps are typically followed when selecting the external components? Standard capacitor values are chosen first, the resistances are calculated, then resistors of the nearest standard value are used Standard resistor values are chosen first, the capacitances are calculated, then capacitors of the nearest standard value are used Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional resistors are added to make any adjustments Standard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional capacitors are added to make any adjustments AE7C09none NWhen designing an op-amp RC active filter for a given frequency range and Q, why are the external capacitance values usually chosen first, then the external resistance values calculated? An op-amp will perform as an active filter using only standard external capacitance values The calculations are easier to make with known capacitance values rather than with known resistance values Capacitors with unusual capacitance values are not widely available, so standard values are used to begin the calculations The equations for the calculations can only be used with known capacitance values CE7C10none NWhat are the principal uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry? High-pass filters used to block RFI at the input to receivers Low-pass filters used between transmitters and transmission lines Filters used for smoothing power-supply output Audio filters used for receivers DE7C11none NWhere should an op-amp RC active audio filter be placed in an amateur receiver? In the IF strip, immediately before the detector In the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jack Between the balanced modulator and frequency multiplier In the low-level audio stages DE7D01none NWhat is the phase relationship between the input and output signals of an inverting op-amp circuit? 180 degrees out of phase In phase 90 degrees out of phase 60 degrees out of phase AE7D02none NWhat is the phase relationship between the input and output signals of a noninverting op-amp circuit? 180 degrees out of phase In phase 90 degrees out of phase 60 degrees out of phase BE7D03none YWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 1000 ohms and RF is 100 kilohms? 0.01 1 10 100 DE7D04none YWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 1800 ohms and RF is 68 kilohms? 1 0.03 38 76 CE7D05none YWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 3300 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms? 28 14 7 0.07 BE7D06none YWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 10 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms? 0.00021 9400 4700 2350 CE7D07none NHow does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency? It increases linearly with increasing frequency It decreases linearly with increasing frequency It decreases logarithmically with increasing frequency It does not vary with frequency DE7D08none NWhat essentially determines the input impedance of a FET common-source amplifier? The resistance between the drain and substrate The gate-biasing network The resistance between the source and drain The resistance between the source and substrate BE7D09none NWhat essentially determines the output impedance of a FET common-source amplifier? The drain resistor The input impedance of the FET The drain supply voltage The gate supply voltage AE7D10none YWhat will be the voltage at the output in the circuit shown in Figure E7- 1, if R1 is 1,000 ohms and RF is 1,000 ohms when -10 millivolts is applied to the input? 10 millivolts 100 millivolts -10 millivolts -100 millivolts AE7D11none YWhat will be the voltage of the circuit shown in Figure E7-1 if R1 is 1000 ohms and RF is 10,000 ohms and 2.3 volts is applied to the input? 2.3 volts 23 volts -2.3 volts -23 volts DE8A01none NIn a pulse-modulation system, why is the transmitter's peak power much greater than its average power? The signal duty cycle is less than 100% The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voice modulated The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voltage spikes are generated within the modulator The signal reaches peak amplitude only when the pulses are also amplitude modulated AE8A02none NWhat is one way that voice is transmitted in a pulse-width modulation system? A standard pulse is varied in amplitude by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant The position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant A standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant The number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice waveform at that instant CE8A03none NIn a pulse-position modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary? The number of pulses per second Both the frequency and amplitude of the pulses The duration of the pulses The time at which each pulse occurs DE8A04none NIn a pulse-width modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary? Pulse frequency Pulse duration Pulse amplitude Pulse intensity BE8A05none NWhat is the type of modulation in which the modulating signal varies the duration of the transmitted pulse? Amplitude modulation Frequency modulation Pulse-width modulation Pulse-height modulation CE8A07none NHow are the pulses of a pulse-modulated signal usually transmitted? A pulse of relatively short duration is sent; a relatively long period of time separates each pulse A pulse of relatively long duration is sent; a relatively short period of time separates each pulse A group of short pulses are sent in a relatively short period of time; a relatively long period of time separates each group A group of short pulses are sent in a relatively long period of time; a relatively short period of time separates each group AE8A08none NWhat common circuit employs a pulse-width modulator? A passive audio filter A switching regulator An impedance-matching network A flip-flop BE8A09none NWhat function does a pulse-width modulator perform in a switching regulator power supply? It turns the switch transistor on and off at the proper time to ensure smooth regulation It increases and decreases the load current at the proper time to ensure smooth regulation It increases or decreases the frequency of the input voltage to ensure that AC pulses are sent at regular intervals to the rectifier It turns the rectifier on and off at regular intervals to avoid overheating the power supply AE8B01none NWhat digital code consists of elements having unequal length? ASCII AX.25 Baudot Morse code DE8B02none NWhat are some of the differences between the Baudot digital code and ASCII? Baudot uses four data bits per character, ASCII uses eight; Baudot uses one character as a shift code, ASCII has no shift code Baudot uses five data bits per character, ASCII uses eight; Baudot uses one character as a shift code, ASCII has no shift code Baudot uses six data bits per character, ASCII uses eight; Baudot has no shift code, ASCII uses one character as a shift code Baudot uses seven data bits per character, ASCII uses eight; Baudot has no shift code, ASCII uses one character as a shift code BE8B03none NWhat is one advantage of using the ASCII code for data communications? It includes built-in error-correction features It contains fewer information bits per character than any other code It is possible to transmit both upper and lower case text It uses one character as a "shift" code to send numeric and special characters CE8B04none NWhat digital communications system is well suited for meteor-scatter communications? ACSSB Packet radio AMTOR Spread spectrum BE8B05none NWhat type of error control system does Mode A AMTOR use? Each character is sent twice The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS The receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the transmitted parity The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed DE8B06none NWhat type of error control system does Mode B AMTOR use? Each character is sent twice The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS The receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the transmitted parity The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed AE8B07none NWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission A1A transmission? Approximately 13 Hz Approximately 26 Hz Approximately 52 Hz Approximately 104 Hz CE8B08none NWhat is the necessary bandwidth for a 170-hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission J2D transmission? 0 Hz 0.3 kHz 0.5 kHz 1.0 kHz CE8B09none NWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 1000-Hz shift, 1200-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission? 1000 Hz 1200 Hz 440 Hz 2400 Hz DE8B10none NWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-Hz frequency shift, 9600-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission? 15.36 kHz 9.6 kHz 4.8 kHz 5.76 kHz AE8C01none NWhat is amplitude compandored single-sideband? Reception of single-sideband signal with a conventional CW receiver Reception of single-sideband signal with a conventional FM receiver Single-sideband signal incorporating speech compression at the transmitter and speech expansion at the receiver Single-sideband signal incorporating speech expansion at the transmitter and speech compression at the receiver CE8C02none NWhat is meant by compandoring? Compressing speech at the transmitter and expanding it at the receiver Using an audio-frequency signal to produce pulse-length modulation Combining amplitude and frequency modulation to produce a single-sideband signal Detecting and demodulating a single-sideband signal by converting it to a pulse-modulated signal AE8C03none NWhat is the purpose of a pilot tone in an amplitude-compandored single- sideband system? It permits rapid tuning of a mobile receiver It replaces the suppressed carrier at the receiver It permits rapid change of frequency to escape high-powered interference It acts as a beacon to indicate the present propagation characteristic of the band AE8C04none NWhat is the approximate frequency of the pilot tone in an amplitude- compandored single-sideband system? 1 kHz 5 MHz 455 kHz 3 kHz DE8C05none NHow many more voice transmissions can be packed into a given frequency band for amplitude-compandored single-sideband systems over conventional FM-phone systems? 2 4 8 16 BE8C06none NWhat term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence? Amplitude compandored single sideband AMTOR Time-domain frequency modulation Spread-spectrum communication DE8C07none NWhat spread-spectrum communications technique alters the center frequency of a conventional carrier many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels? Frequency hopping Direct sequence Time-domain frequency modulation Frequency compandored spread-spectrum AE8C08none NWhat spread-spectrum communications technique uses a very fast binary bit stream to shift the phase of an RF carrier? Frequency hopping Direct sequence Binary phase-shift keying Phase compandored spread-spectrum BE8C09none NWhat controls the spreading sequence of an amateur spread-spectrum transmission? A frequency-agile linear amplifier A crystal-controlled filter linked to a high-speed crystal switching mechanism A binary linear-feedback shift register A binary code which varies if propagation changes CE8C10none NWhy are spread-spectrum communications so resistant to interference? Interfering signals are removed by a frequency-agile crystal filter Spread-spectrum transmitters use much higher power than conventional carrier-frequency transmitters Spread-spectrum transmitters can "hunt" for the best carrier frequency to use within a given RF spectrum Only signals using the correct spreading sequence are received DE8C11none NWhy do spread-spectrum communications interfere so little with conventional channelized communications in the same band? A spread-spectrum transmitter avoids channels within the band which are in use by conventional transmitters Spread-spectrum signals appear only as low-level noise in conventional receivers Spread-spectrum signals change too rapidly to be detected by conventional receivers Special crystal filters are needed in conventional receivers to detect spread-spectrum signals BE8D01none NWhat is the term for the amplitude of the maximum positive excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope? Peak-to-peak voltage Inverse peak negative voltage RMS voltage Peak positive voltage DE8D02none NWhat is the term for the amplitude of the maximum negative excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope? Peak-to-peak voltage Inverse peak positive voltage RMS voltage Peak negative voltage DE8D03none NWhat is the easiest voltage amplitude dimension to measure by viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope? Peak-to-peak voltage RMS voltage Average voltage DC voltage AE8D04none NWhat is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage amplitude in a symmetrical waveform? 1:1 2:1 3:1 4:1 BE8D05none NWhat input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier? Peak voltage RMS voltage An average reading power output meter Resting voltage AE8D06none NTo ensure you do not exceed the maximum allowable power, what kind of meter would you use to monitor the output signal of a properly adjusted single-sideband transmitter? An SWR meter reading in the forward direction A modulation meter An average reading power output meter A peak-reading power output meter DE8D07none NWhat is the PEP output of a transmitter that has a maximum peak of 30 volts to a 50-ohm load as observed on an oscilloscope? 4.5 watts 9 watts 16 watts 18 watts BE8D08none NWhat is the average power dissipated by a 50-ohm resistive load during one complete RF cycle having a peak voltage of 35 volts? 12.2 watts 9.9 watts 24.5 watts 16 watts AE8D09none NIf an RMS reading AC voltmeter reads 65 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak-to-peak voltage? 46 volts 92 volts 130 volts 184 volts DE8D10none NIf an RMS reading voltmeter reads 34 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak voltage? 23 volts 96 volts 55 volts 48 volts DE8D11none NWhat is the advantage of using a peak-reading voltmeter to monitor the output of a single-sideband transmitter? It would be easy to calculate the PEP output of the transmitter It would be easy to calculate the RMS output power of the transmitter It would be easy to calculate the SWR on the transmission line It would be easy to observe the output amplitude variations AE9A01none NWhat is an isotropic radiator? A hypothetical, omnidirectional antenna A directional antenna which is aimed toward the tropical latitudes An antenna high enough in the air that its directive pattern is substantially unaffected by the ground beneath it A directional antenna whose radiation pattern can be aimed in any compass direction AE9A02none NWhich of the following describes an isotropic radiator? A grounded radiator used to measure earth conductivity A horizontal radiator used to compare Yagi antennas A theoretical radiator used to compare other antennas A spacecraft radiator used to direct signals toward the earth CE9A03none NWhen is it useful to refer to an isotropic radiator? When comparing the gains of directional antennas When testing a transmission line for standing-wave ratio When directing a transmission toward the tropical latitudes When using a dummy load to tune a transmitter AE9A04none NWhat theoretical reference antenna provides a comparison for antenna measurements? Quarter-wave vertical Yagi Bobtail curtain Isotropic radiator DE9A05none NFor what purpose would an isotropic radiator be used? To compare the signal strengths of different transmitters at a distant point As a reference for antenna gain measurements As a dummy load for tuning transmitters To measure the standing-wave ratio on a transmission line BE9A06none NHow much gain does a 1/2-wavelength dipole have over an isotropic radiator? About 1.5 dB About 2.1 dB About 3.0 dB About 6.0 dB BE9A07none NHow much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 6 dB gain over an isotropic radiator? About 3.9 dB About 6.0 dB About 8.1 dB About 10.0 dB AE9A08none NHow much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 12 dB gain over an isotropic radiator? About 6.1 dB About 9.9 dB About 12.0 dB About 14.1 dB BE9A09none NWhich of the following antennas has no gain in any direction? Quarter-wave vertical Yagi Half-wave dipole Isotropic radiator DE9A10none NWhich of the following describes the radiation pattern of an isotropic radiator? A tear drop in the vertical plane A circle in the horizontal plane A sphere with the antenna in the center Crossed polarized with a spiral shape CE9A11none NWhich of the following describes the directivity of an isotropic radiator? Directivity in the E plane Directivity in the H plane Directivity in the Z plane No directivity at all DE9B01none NWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase? Unidirectional cardioid Omnidirectional Figure-8 broadside to the antennas Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas DE9B02none NWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed 90 degrees out of phase? Unidirectional cardioid Figure-8 end-fire Figure-8 broadside Omnidirectional AE9B03none NWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed in phase? Omnidirectional Cardioid unidirectional Figure-8 broadside to the antennas Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas CE9B04none NWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase? Omnidirectional Cardioid unidirectional Figure-8 broadside to the antennas Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas DE9B05none NWhat is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/8-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase? Omnidirectional Cardioid unidirectional Figure-8 broadside to the antennas Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas DE9B06none NWhat is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed in phase? Substantially unidirectional Elliptical Cardioid unidirectional Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas BE9B07none NWhich of the following is the best description of a resonant rhombic antenna? Unidirectional; four-sided, each side a half-wavelength long; terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedance Bidirectional; four-sided, each side approximately one wavelength long; open at the end opposite the transmission line connection Four-sided; an LC network at each vertex except for the transmission connection; tuned to resonate at the operating frequency Four-sided, each side of a different physical length; traps at each vertex for changing resonance according to band usage BE9B08none NWhat is a nonresonant rhombic antenna? An antenna resonant at approximately double the frequency of the intended band of operation An open-ended bidirectional antenna A unidirectional antenna terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedance A horizontal triangular antenna consisting of two adjacent sides and the long diagonal of a resonant rhombic antenna CE9B09none NWhat are the advantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna? Wide frequency range, high gain and high front-to-back ratio High front-to-back ratio, compact size and high gain Unidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and compact size Bidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and wide frequency range AE9B10none NWhat are the disadvantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna? A large area for proper installation and a narrow bandwidth A large area for proper installation and a low front-to-back ratio A large area and four sturdy supports for proper installation A large amount of aluminum tubing and a low front-to-back ratio CE9B11none NWhat is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna? It reflects the standing waves on the antenna elements back to the transmitter It changes the radiation pattern from essentially bidirectional to essentially unidirectional It changes the radiation pattern from horizontal to vertical polarization It decreases the ground loss BE9C01none NWhat factors determine the receiving antenna gain required at an amateur satellite station in earth operation? Height, transmitter power and antennas of satellite Length of transmission line and impedance match between receiver and transmission line Preamplifier location on transmission line and presence or absence of RF amplifier stages Height of earth antenna and satellite orbit AE9C02none NWhat factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur satellite station in earth operation? Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite transmitter power AE9C03none NWhat factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur satellite station in telecommand operation? Path loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratio Satellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivity Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna Elevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite transmitter power BE9C04none NHow does the gain of a parabolic dish antenna change when the operating frequency is doubled? Gain does not change Gain is multiplied by 0.707 Gain increases 6 dB Gain increases 3 dB CE9C05none NHow does the beamwidth of an antenna vary as the gain is increased? It increases geometrically It increases arithmetically It is essentially unaffected It decreases DE9C06none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 20 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 10.1 degrees 20.3 degrees 45.0 degrees 60.9 degrees BE9C07none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 30 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 3.2 degrees 6.4 degrees 37 degrees 60.4 degrees BE9C08none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 15 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 72 degrees 52 degrees 36.1 degrees 3.61 degrees CE9C09none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 12 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 34.8 degrees 45.0 degrees 58.0 degrees 51.0 degrees DE9C10none NHow is circular polarization produced using linearly polarized antennas? Stack two Yagis, fed 90 degrees out of phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes Stack two Yagis, fed in phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed 90 degrees out of phase Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed in phase CE9C11none NWhy does a satellite communications antenna system for earth operation need to have rotators for both azimuth and elevation control? In order to track the satellite as it orbits the earth Because the antennas are large and heavy In order to point the antenna above the horizon to avoid terrestrial interference To rotate antenna polarization along the azimuth and elevate the system towards the satellite AE9D01none NWhat system matches a high-impedance transmission line to a lower impedance antenna by connecting the line to the driven element in two places, spaced a fraction of a wavelength each side of element center? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system BE9D02none NWhat system matches an unbalanced feed line to an antenna by feeding the driven element both at the center of the element and at a fraction of a wavelength to one side of center? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system AE9D03none NWhat impedance matching system uses a short perpendicular section of transmission line connected to the feed line near the antenna? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system DE9D04none NWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 20-meter wavelength band? 70 pF 140 pF 200 pF 0.2 pF BE9D05none NWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 10-meter wavelength band? 0.2 pF 140 pF 200 pF 70 pF DE9D06none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A capacitive reactance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line An inductive reactance The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage CE9D07none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? The same as the characteristic impedance of the line An inductive reactance A capacitive reactance The same as the input impedance of the final generator stage CE9D08none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line The same as the generator output impedance AE9D09none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage BE9D10none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the output impedance of the generator BE9D11none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the output impedance of the generator AE9C08none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 15 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 72 degrees 52 degrees 36.1 degrees 3.61 degrees CE9C09none NWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 12 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator? 34.8 degrees 45.0 degrees 58.0 degrees 51.0 degrees DE9C10none NHow is circular polarization produced using linearly polarized antennas? Stack two Yagis, fed 90 degrees out of phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes Stack two Yagis, fed in phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed 90 degrees out of phase Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed in phase CE9C11none NWhy does a satellite communications antenna system for earth operation need to have rotators for both azimuth and elevation control? In order to track the satellite as it orbits the earth Because the antennas are large and heavy In order to point the antenna above the horizon to avoid terrestrial interference To rotate antenna polarization along the azimuth and elevate the system towards the satellite AE9D01none NWhat system matches a high-impedance transmission line to a lower impedance antenna by connecting the line to the driven element in two places, spaced a fraction of a wavelength each side of element center? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system BE9D02none NWhat system matches an unbalanced feed line to an antenna by feeding the driven element both at the center of the element and at a fraction of a wavelength to one side of center? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system AE9D03none NWhat impedance matching system uses a short perpendicular section of transmission line connected to the feed line near the antenna? The gamma matching system The delta matching system The omega matching system The stub matching system DE9D04none NWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 20-meter wavelength band? 70 pF 140 pF 200 pF 0.2 pF BE9D05none NWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a 1/2-wavelength dipole antenna for the 10-meter wavelength band? 0.2 pF 140 pF 200 pF 70 pF DE9D06none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A capacitive reactance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line An inductive reactance The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage CE9D07none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? The same as the characteristic impedance of the line An inductive reactance A capacitive reactance The same as the input impedance of the final generator stage CE9D08none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line The same as the generator output impedance AE9D09none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage BE9D10none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the output impedance of the generator BE9D11none NWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end? A very high impedance A very low impedance The same as the characteristic impedance of the line The same as the output impedance of the generator A "none" '''In polarwha'/__35_degrees__" "141 ohms /__45_degrees__" "161 ohms /__55_degrees__" '/__65_degr''B'"none" "N" "In polar coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor a''100 ohms/__'/__0_degrees__" "10 ohms /__100_degrees__" "100 ohms /__0_degrees__" '''E5E03'' ''n'"In polar coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor?" "240 ohms /__36.9_degrees__" "240 ohms /''500 ohms/__'/__-53.1_degrees__" "D" "E5E04" "none" "N" 'what is tha 6aall connected in series?" "500 ohms /__37_degrees__" "400 ohms /__27_degrees__" '/__17_degr''2/"A" "E5E05" "none" "N" "In polar coordinates w''240 ohms/__'/__-36.9_degrees__" "500 ohms /__53.1_degrees__" "500 ohms /__-53.1_degrees__" '''E5E06'' ''n'"In rectangular coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 1.0-millihenry inductor in series with a 200-ohm resistor at 30 kHz?" "200 - j188" "200 + j188" "188 - j200" '''B'' ''E'"N" "In rectangular coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-millihenry inductor in series with a 600-ohm resistor at 10 kHz?" "628 + j600" "628 - j600" '''600 - j6''C'"none" "N" "In rectangular coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 0.1-microfarad capacitor in series with a 40-ohm resistor at 50 kHz?" "40 + j32" '''32 - j40''3'"E5E09" "none" "N" "In polar coordinates what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?" '/__-25_deg''1/"161 ohms /__-65_degrees__" "141 ohms /__-45_degrees__" "D" '''none'' ''N'what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor?" "31 ohms /__-15_degrees__" "51 ohms /__-25_degrees__" '/__-45_deg''9/"C" "E5E11" "none" "N" "In polar coordinates w''400 ohms/__'/__37_degrees__" "500 ohms /__47_degrees__" "700 ohms /__57_degrees__" '''E5F01'' ''n'"When using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit what does the horizontal axis represent?" "The voltage or current associated with the resistive component" "The voltage or current associated with the reactive component" "The sum of the reactive and resistive components" '''A'' ''E'"N" "When using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit what does the vertical axis represent?" "The voltage or current associated with the resistive component" "The voltage or current associated with the reactive component" '''The diff''B'"none" "N" "What do the two numbers represent that are used to define a point on a graph using rectangular coordinates?" "The horizontal and inverted axes" "The vertical and inverted axes" '''The phas''C'"none" "N" "If you plot the impedance of a circuit using the rectangular coordinate system and find the impedance point falls on the right side of the graph on the horizontal line what do you know about the circuit?" "It has to be a direct current circuit" '''It conta''I'"E5F05" "none" "N" "Why would you plot the impedance of a circuit using the polar coordinate system?" "To display the data on an "X-Y" chart" '''To graph''T'"E5F06" "none" "N" "What coordinate system can be used to display the resistive inductive a''Maidenhe''N'"Rectangular" "D" "E5F07" "none" "N" 'inductive ''M'"Faraday" "Polar" "D" "E5F08" "none" '''In polarwha'"100 ohms /__45_degrees__" "100 ohms /__-45_degrees__" "141 ohms /__45_degrees__" "A" "E5F09" '''N'' ''Iw"5.03 x 10(-5) ohms /__45_degrees__" "141 ohms /__-45_degrees__" "19 900 ohms /__-45_degrees__" "141 ohms /__45_degrees__" '''E5F10'' ''n'"In rectangular coordinates what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 5 millisiemens at -30 degrees?" "173 - j100 ohms" "200 + j100 ohms" "173 + j100 ohms" '''C'' ''E'"N" "In rectangular coordinates what is the admittance of a circuit that has an impedance of 240 ohms at 36.9 degrees?" "3.33 x 10(-3) - j2.50 x 10(-3) siemens" "3.33 x 10(-3) + j2.50 x 10(-3) siemens" '''3.33 - j''A'"none" "N" "What is an enhancement-mode FET?" "An FET with a channel that blocks voltage through the gate" "An FET with a channel that allows a current when the gate voltage is zero" '''An FET w''D'"none" "N" "What is a depletion-mode FET?" "An FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows with zero gate voltage" "An FET that has a channel that blocks current when the gate voltage is zero" '''An FET w''A'"none" "Y" "In Figure E6-1 what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel MOSFET?" "1" '''3'' ''4'"E6A04" "none" "Y" "In Figure E6-1 what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel MOSFET?" '''3'' ''4'"B" "E6A05" "none" "Y" "In Figure E6-1 w''2'' ''4'"6" "B" "E6A06" "none" "Y" 'what is th''2'"5" "6" "C" "E6A07" "none" '''In Figurwha'"2" "3" "6" "D" "E6A08" '''N'' ''W'gate 2 drain" "Emitter base collector" 'base 1 bas'drain source" "D" "E6A09" "none" '''In Figurwha'"2" "3" "6" "A" "E6A10" '''N'' ''W'"To protect the substrate from excessive voltages" "To keep the gate voltage within specifications and prevent the device from overheating" "To prevent the gate insulation from being punctured by small static charges or excessive voltages" "D" "E6A11" '''N'' ''W'"Complementary mica-oxide silicon" "Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor" "Complementary metal-oxide substrate" "C" "E6A12" '''N'' ''H'"An FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input impedance" "An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedance" "The input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the same" "C" "E6B01" '''N'' ''W'direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier" "A high-gain direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifier" "An amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency- modulated amateur signals to the legal limit" "A program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifier" '''E6B02'' ''n'"What would be the characteristics of the ideal op-amp?" "Zero input impedance infinite output impedance infinite gain flat frequency response" 'zero outpuinff"Zero input impedance zero output impedance infinite gain flat frequency response" "Infinite input impedance iinfinite gfla'"E6B03" "none" "N" "What determines the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit?" "The external feedback network" '''The powe''T'"E6B04" "none" "N" "What is meant by the term op-amp input-offset voltage?" "The output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltage" '''The pote''T'"E6B05" "none" "N" "What is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?" "100 ohms" '''Very low''V'"E6B06" "none" "N" "What is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?" "Very low" '''100 ohms''1'"E6B07" "none" "Y" "In Figure E6-2 what is the schematic symbol for an operational amplifier?" '''3'' ''5'"D" "E6B08" "none" "N" "What is a phase-locked loop circuit?" 'reactance and'"An electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator" "An electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential input" "C" "E6B09" '''N'' ''W'"Comparison of two digital input signals digital pulse counter" "Photovoltaic conversion optical coupling" "Frequency synthesis F''D'' ''E'"N" "What is the name of a circuit that compares the difference of the output from a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to a frequency standard and produces an error voltage that changes the VCO's frequency?" "A doubly balanced mixer" "A phase-locked loop" "A differential voltage amplifier" '''B'' ''E'"N" "What is the capture range of a phase-locked loop circuit?" "The frequency range over which the circuit can lock" "The voltage range over which the circuit can lock" "The input impedance range over which the circuit can lock" '''A'' ''E'"N" "What is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?" "12 volts" "1.5 volts" "5 volts" '''C'' ''E'"N" "What logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?" "A high-logic state" "A low-logic state" "The device becomes randomized and will not provide consistent high or low-logic states" '''A'' ''E'"N" "What level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply?" "2.0 to 5.5 volts" "1.5 to 3.0 volts" "1.0 to 1.5 volts" '''A'' ''E'"N" "What level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power-supply?" "-2.0 to -5.5 volts" " 2.0 to 5.5 volts" " 0.0 to 0.8 volts" '''C'' ''E'"N" "What is one major advantage of CMOS over other devices?" "Small size" "Low power consumption" "Low cost" '''B'' ''E'"N" "Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?" "Larger bypass capacitors are used in CMOS circuit design " "The input switching threshold is about two times the power supply voltage" "The input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply voltage" '''C'' ''E'"Y" "In Figure E6-2 what is the schematic symbol for an AND gate?" "1" "2" '''4'' ''A'"none" "Y" "In Figure E6-2 what is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate?" "1" '''3'' ''4'"E6C09" "none" "Y" "In Figure E6-2 what is the schematic symbol for an OR gate?" '''3'' ''4'"B" "E6C10" "none" "Y" "In Figure E6-2 w''1'' ''2'"4" "D" "E6C11" "none" "Y" 'what is th''2'"5" "6" "C" "E6D01" "none" '''What is ''A'"A vidicon tube" "A cathode-ray tube" "C" "E6D02" "none" '''How is t''B'"By varying the beam current" "By varying electromagnetic fields" "D" "E6D03" "none" '''What typ''E'"Radar" "Electrostatic" "D" "E6D04" "none" '''What is ''T'"The ability of the display to remain in focus under varying conditions" "The length of time the image remains on the screen after the beam is turned off" "D" "E6D05" "none" '''If a cat000w000 volts?" "The image size will decrease and the tube will produce X-rays" "The image size will increase and the tube will produce X-rays" "The image will become larger and brighter" "There will be no apparent change" '''E6D06'' ''n'"Exceeding what design rating can cause a cathode ray tube (CRT) to generate X-rays?" "The heater voltage" "The anode voltage" "The operating temperature" "The operating frequency" '''E6D07'' ''n'"Which is NOT true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?" "It uses a combination of analog and digital circuitry" "It can be used to make an audio delay line" "It can be used as an analog-to-digital converter" "It samples and stores analog signals" '''E6D08'' ''n'"Which of the following is true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?" "Its phase shift changes rapidly with frequency" "It is a CMOS analog-to-digital converter" "It samples an analog signal and passes it in stages from the input to the output" "It is used in a battery charger circuit" '''E6D09'' ''n'"What function does a charge-coupled device (CCD) serve in a modern video camera?" "It stores photogenerated charges as signals corresponding to pixels" "It generates the horizontal pulses needed for electron beam scanning" "It focuses the light used to produce a pattern of electrical charges corresponding to the image" "It combines audio and video information to produce a composite RF signal" '''E6D10'' ''n'"What is a liquid-crystal display (LCD)?" "A modern replacement for a quartz crystal oscillator which displays its fundamental frequency" "A display that uses a crystalline liquid to change the way light is refracted" "A frequency-determining unit for a transmitter or receiver" "A display that uses a glowing liquid to remain brightly lit in dim light" '''E6D11'' ''n'"What is the principle advantage of liquid-crystal display (LCD) devices?" "They consume low power" "They can display changes instantly" "They are visible in all light conditions" "They can be easily interchanged with other display devices" '''E7A01'' ''n'"What is a bistable multivibrator circuit?" "An "AND" gate" "An "OR" gate" "A flip-flop" "A clock" '''E7A02'' ''n'"How many output level changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to the input of a "T" flip-flop circuit?" "None" "One" "Two" "Four" '''E7A03'' ''n'"The frequency of an AC signal can be divided electronically by what type of digital circuit?" "A free-running multivibrator" "A bistable multivibrator" "An OR gate" "An astable multivibrator" '''E7A04'' ''n'"How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?" "1" "2" "4" "8" '''E7A05'' ''n'"What is the characteristic function of an astable multivibrator?" "It alternates between two stable states" "It alternates between a stable state and an unstable state" "It blocks either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and passes the other" "It alternates between two unstable states" '''E7A06'' ''n'"What is the characteristic function of a monostable multivibrator?" "It switches momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original state" "It is a "clock" that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0" "It stores one bit of data in either a 0 or 1 state" "It maintains a constant output voltage r''A'' ''E'"N" "What logical operation does an AND gate perform?" "It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic "1"" '''B'' ''E'"N" "What logical operation does a NAND gate perform?" "It produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "0"" "It produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"" '''D'' ''E'"N" "What logical operation does an OR gate perform?" "It produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"" '''A'' ''E'"N" "What logical operation does a NOR gate perform?" "It produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "0"" "It produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"" "It produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"" '''C'' ''E'"N" "What is a truth table?" "A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp" "A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true" "A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterize the function of a digital device" '''C'' ''E'"N" "In a positive-logic circuit what level is used to represent a logic 1?" "A low level" "A positive-transition level" '''A high l''D'"none" "N" "In a negative-logic circuit what level is used to represent a logic 1?" "A low level" '''A negati''A'"E7B01" "none" "N" "What is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?" "It converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop" '''It preve''I'"E7B02" "none" "N" "How many states does a decade counter digital IC have?" "2" '''20'' ''1'"E7B03" "none" "N" "What is the function of a decade counter digital IC?" "It produces one output pulse for every ten input pulses" '''It produ''I'"E7B04" "none" "N" "What additional circuitry is required in a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz?" "An emitter-follower" '''Two flip''A'"E7B05" "none" "N" "If a 1-MHz oscillator is used with a divide-by-ten circuit to make a marker generator what will the output be?" '''A 100-kH''A'"B" "E7B06" "none" "N" "What is a crystal-controlled marker generator?" '''An oscil''A'"D" "E7B07" "none" "N" "What type of circuit does NOT make a good marker generator?" '''A crysta''A'"A" "E7B08" "none" "N" "What is the purpose of a marker generator?" '''To provi''T'"C" "E7B09" "none" "N" "What does the accuracy of a frequency counter depend on?" '''A voltag''A'"A" "E7B10" "none" "N" "How does a frequency counter determine the frequency of a signal?" '''It monit''I'"C" "E7B11" "none" "N" "What is the purpose of a frequency counter?" '''To gener''T'"A" "E7C01" "none" "N" "What determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active filter?" '''The valu''T'"B" "E7C02" "none" "N" "What causes ringing in a filter?" '''The band''Ta"The gain of the filter" "C" "E7C03" "none" "N" '''Op-amps ''O'"Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss" "D" "E7C04" "none" "N" '''Electrol''D'"Paper dielectric" "C" "E7C05" "none" "N" '''Restrict''Rb"Restrict Q but increase gain" "Increase both gain and Q" "A" "E7C06" '''N'' ''W'"Desired current gain" "Temperature coefficient" "Output-offset overshoot" "A" "E7C07" '''N'' ''T'"Insertion loss" "The number of parts" "The choice of capacitors or inductors" "B" "E7C08" '''N'' ''Ww"Standard capacitor values are chosen first the resistances are calculated then resistors of the nearest standard value are used" "Standard resistor values are chosen first the capacitances are calculated t''Standardthet"Standard resistor and capacitor values are used the circuit is tested then additional capacitors are added to make any adjustments" "A" "E7C09" '''N'' ''Wwthen the external resistance values calculated?" "An op-amp will perform as an active filter using only standard external capacitance values" "The calculations are easier to make with known capacitance values rather than with known resistance values" "Capacitors with unusual capacitance values are not widely available so standard values are used to begin the calculations" '''C'' ''E'"N" "What are the principal uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry?" "High-pass filters used to block RFI at the input to receivers" "Low-pass filters used between transmitters and transmission lines" "Filters used for smoothing power-supply output" '''D'' ''E'"N" "Where should an op-amp RC active audio filter be placed in an amateur receiver?" "In the IF strip immediately before the detector" "In the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jack" '''In the l''D'"none" "N" "What is the phase relationship between the input and output signals of an inverting op-amp circuit?" "180 degrees out of phase" "In phase" '''60 degre''A'"none" "N" "What is the phase relationship between the input and output signals of a noninverting op-amp circuit?" "180 degrees out of phase" "In phase" '''60 degre''B'"none" "Y" "What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 1000 ohms and RF is 100 kilohms?" "0.01" "1" '''100'' ''D'"none" "Y" "What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 1800 ohms and RF is 68 kilohms?" "1" "0.03" '''76'' ''C'"none" "Y" "What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 3300 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms?" "28" "14" '''0.07'' ''B'"none" "Y" "What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-1 when R1 is 10 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms?" "0.00021" "9400" '''2350'' ''C'"none" "N" "How does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency?" "It increases linearly with increasing frequency" "It decreases linearly with increasing frequency" '''It does ''D'"none" "N" "What essentially determines the input impedance of a FET common-source amplifier?" "The resistance between the drain and substrate" "The gate-biasing network" '''The resi''B'"none" "N" "What essentially determines the output impedance of a FET common-source amplifier?" "The drain resistor" "The input impedance of the FET" '''The gate''A'"none" "Y" "What will be the voltage at the output in the circuit shown in Figure E7- 1 if R1 is 1 000 ohms and RF is 1 0'' 10 mil'' '"-100 millivolts" "A" "E7D11" "none" "Y" '000 ohms a'' '"-2.3 volts" " -23 volts" "D" "E8A01" "none" '''In a pulwhy'"The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voice modulated" "The signal reaches peak amplitude only when voltage spikes are generated within the modulator" "The signal reaches peak amplitude only when the pulses are also amplitude modulated" "A" "E8A02" '''N'' ''W'"The position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant" "A standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant" "The number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice waveform at that instant" "C" "E8A03" '''N'' ''Iw"The number of pulses per second" "Both the frequency and amplitude of the pulses" "The duration of the pulses" "The time at which each pulse occurs" "D" '''none'' ''N'what parameter does the modulating signal vary?" "Pulse frequency" "Pulse duration" "Pulse amplitude" "Pulse intensity" '''E8A05'' ''n'"What is the type of modulation in which the modulating signal varies the duration of the transmitted pulse?" "Amplitude modulation" "Frequency modulation" "Pulse-width modulation" "Pulse-height modulation" '''E8A06'' ''n'"What duration and rate of pulses does a typical pulse modulation transmitter use?" "5-micro second pulses at a 5-kHz rate" "5-micro second pulses at a 1-kHz rate" "1-micro second pulses at a 5-kHz rate" "1-micro second pulses at a 1-kHz rate" '''E8A07'' ''n'"How are the pulses of a pulse-modulated signal usually transmitted?" "A pulse of relatively short duration is sent; a relatively long period of time separates each pulse" "A pulse of relatively long duration is sent; a relatively short period of time separates each pulse" "A group of short pulses are sent in a relatively short period of time; a relatively long period of time separates each group" "A group of short pulses are sent in a relatively long period of time; a relatively short period of time separates each group" '''E8A08'' ''n'"What common circuit employs a pulse-width modulator?" "A passive audio filter" "A switching regulator" "An impedance-matching network" "A flip-flop" '''E8A09'' ''n'"What function does a pulse-width modulator perform in a switching regulator power supply?" "It turns the switch transistor on and off at the proper time to ensure smooth regulation" "It increases and decreases the load current at the proper time to ensure smooth regulation" "It increases or decreases the frequency of the input voltage to ensure that AC pulses are sent at regular intervals to the rectifier" "It turns the rectifier on and off at regular intervals to avoid overheating the power supply" '''E8B01'' ''n'"What digital code consists of elements having unequal length?" "ASCII" "AX.25" "Baudot" "Morse code" '''E8B02'' ''n'"What are some of the differences between the Baudot digital code and ASCII?" "Baudot uses four data bits per character ASCII uses eight; Baudot uses one character as a shift code ASCII has no shift code" "Baudot uses five data bits per character AASCII has ''BAASCII uses one character as a shift code" "Baudot uses seven data bits per character ASCII uses eight; Baudot has no shift code ASCII uses one character as a shift code" "B" '''none'' ''N'"It includes built-in error-correction features" "It contains fewer information bits per character than any other code" "It is possible to transmit both upper and lower case text" "It uses one character as a "shift" code to send numeric and special characters" "C" '''none'' ''N'"ACSSB" "Packet radio" "AMTOR" "Spread spectrum" "B" '''none'' ''N'"Each character is sent twice" "The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS" "The receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the transmitted parity" "The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed" "D" '''none'' ''N'"Each character is sent twice" "The receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCS" "The receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the transmitted parity" "The receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed" "A" '''none'' ''N'"Approximately 13 Hz" "Approximately 26 Hz" "Approximately 52 Hz" "Approximately 104 Hz" "C" '''none'' ''N'300-baud ASCII emission J2D transmission?" "0 Hz" "0.3 kHz" "0.5 kHz" "1.0 kHz" '''E8B09'' ''n'"What is the necessary bandwidth of a 1000-Hz shift 1200-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?" "1000 Hz" "1200 Hz" "440 Hz" '''D'' ''E'"N" "What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-Hz frequency shift 9600-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?" "15.36 kHz" "9.6 kHz" '''5.76 kHz''A'"none" "N" "What is amplitude compandored single-sideband?" "Reception of single-sideband signal with a conventional CW receiver" "Reception of single-sideband signal with a conventional FM receiver" '''Single-s''C'"none" "N" "What is meant by compandoring?" "Compressing speech at the transmitter and expanding it at the receiver" "Using an audio-frequency signal to produce pulse-length modulation" '''Detectin''A'"none" "N" "What is the purpose of a pilot tone in an amplitude-compandored single- sideband system?" "It permits rapid tuning of a mobile receiver" "It replaces the suppressed carrier at the receiver" '''It acts ''A'"none" "N" "What is the approximate frequency of the pilot tone in an amplitude- compandored single-sideband system?" "1 kHz" "5 MHz" '''3 kHz'' ''D'"none" "N" "How many more voice transmissions can be packed into a given frequency band for amplitude-compandored single-sideband systems over conventional FM-phone systems?" "2" "4" '''16'' ''B'"none" "N" "What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence?" "Amplitude compandored single sideband" "AMTOR" '''Spread-s''D'"none" "N" "What spread-spectrum communications technique alters the center frequency of a conventional carrier many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?" "Frequency hopping" "Direct sequence" '''Frequenc''A'"none" "N" "What spread-spectrum communications technique uses a very fast binary bit stream to shift the phase of an RF carrier?" "Frequency hopping" "Direct sequence" '''Phase co''B'"none" "N" "What controls the spreading sequence of an amateur spread-spectrum transmission?" "A frequency-agile linear amplifier" "A crystal-controlled filter linked to a high-speed crystal switching mechanism" '''A binary''C'"none" "N" "Why are spread-spectrum communications so resistant to interference?" "Interfering signals are removed by a frequency-agile crystal filter" "Spread-spectrum transmitters use much higher power than conventional carrier-frequency transmitters" '''Only sig''D'"none" "N" "Why do spread-spectrum communications interfere so little with conventional channelized communications in the same band?" "A spread-spectrum transmitter avoids channels within the band which are in use by conventional transmitters" "Spread-spectrum signals appear only as low-level noise in conventional receivers" '''Special ''B'"none" "N" "What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum positive excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?" "Peak-to-peak voltage" "Inverse peak negative voltage" '''Peak pos''D'"none" "N" "What is the term for the amplitude of the maximum negative excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?" "Peak-to-peak voltage" "Inverse peak positive voltage" '''Peak neg''D'"none" "N" "What is the easiest voltage amplitude dimension to measure by viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?" "Peak-to-peak voltage" "RMS voltage" '''DC volta''A'"none" "N" "What is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage amplitude in a symmetrical waveform?" "1:1" "2:1" '''4:1'' ''B'"none" "N" "What input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier?" "Peak voltage" "RMS voltage" '''Resting ''A'"none" "N" "To ensure you do not exceed the maximum allowable power what kind of meter would you use to monitor the output signal of a properly adjusted single-sideband transmitter?" "An SWR meter reading in the forward direction" '''An avera''A'"E8D07" "none" "N" "What is the PEP output of a transmitter that has a maximum peak of 30 volts to a 50-ohm load as observed on an oscilloscope?" "4.5 watts" '''16 watts''1'"E8D08" "none" "N" "What is the average power dissipated by a 50-ohm resistive load during one complete RF cycle having a peak voltage of 35 volts?" "12.2 watts" '''24.5 wat''1'"E8D09" "none" "N" "If an RMS reading AC voltmeter reads 65 volts on a sinusoidal waveform what is the peak-to-peak voltage?" '''92 volts''1'"D" "E8D10" "none" "N" "If an RMS reading voltmeter reads 34 volts on a sinusoidal waveform w''23 volts''9'"48 volts" "D" "E8D11" "none" "N" '''It would''I'"It would be easy to observe the output amplitude variations" "A" "E9A01" "none " "N" '''A hypothomn'"An antenna high enough in the air that its directive pattern is substantially unaffected by the ground beneath it" "A directional antenna whose radiation pattern can be aimed in any compass direction" "A" "E9A02" "none" '''Which of''A'"A theoretical radiator used to compare other antennas" "A spacecraft radiator used to direct signals toward the earth" "C" "E9A03" "none" '''When is ''W'"When directing a transmission toward the tropical latitudes" "When using a dummy load to tune a transmitter" "A" "E9A04" "none" '''What the''Q'"Bobtail curtain" "Isotropic radiator" "D" "E9A05" "none " '''For what''T'"As a dummy load for tuning transmitters" "To measure the standing-wave ratio on a transmission line" "B" "E9A06" "none" '''How much''A'"About 3.0 dB" "About 6.0 dB" "B" "E9A07" "none" '''How much''A'"About 8.1 dB" "About 10.0 dB" "A" "E9A08" "none" '''How much''A'"About 12.0 dB" "About 14.1 dB" "B" "E9A09" "none" '''Which of''Q'"Half-wave dipole" "Isotropic radiator" "D" "E9A10" "none" '''Which of''A'"A sphere with the antenna in the center" "Crossed polarized with a spiral shape" "C" "E9A11" "none" '''Which of''D'"Directivity in the Z plane" "No directivity at all" "D" "E9B01" "none" '''What is ''U'"Figure-8 broadside to the antennas" "Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas " "D" "E9B02" "none" '''What is ''U'"Figure-8 broadside" "Omnidirectional" "A" "E9B03" "none" '''What is ''O'"Figure-8 broadside to the antennas" "Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas" "C" "E9B04" "none" '''What is ''O'"Figure-8 broadside to the antennas" "Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas" "D" "E9B05" "none" '''What is ''O'"Figure-8 broadside to the antennas" "Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas" "D" "E9B06" "none" '''What is ''S'"Cardioid unidirectional" "Figure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas" "B" "E9B07" "none" '''Which of''Ue"Bidirectional; four-sided each side approximately one wavelength long; open at the end opposite the transmission line connection" "Four-sided; an LC network at each vertex except for the transmission connection; tuned to resonate at the operating frequency" "Four-sided each side of a different physical length; traps at each vertex for changing resonance according to band usage" '''E9B08'' ''n'"What is a nonresonant rhombic antenna?" "An antenna resonant at approximately double the frequency of the intended band of operation" "An open-ended bidirectional antenna" "A unidirectional antenna terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedance" "A horizontal triangular antenna consisting of two adjacent sides and the long diagonal of a resonant rhombic antenna" '''E9B09'' ''n'"What are the advantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?" "Wide frequency range high gain and high front-to-back ratio" "High front-to-back ratio compact size and high gain" 'high gain ''Bh"A" "E9B10" "none" "N" "What are the disadvantages of a nonresonant rhombic antenna?" '''A large ''A'"C" "E9B11" "none" "N" "What is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?" '''It chang''I'"B" "E9C01" "none" "N" "What factors determine the receiving antenna gain required at an amateur satellite station in earth operation?" 'transmitte''L'"Height of earth antenna and satellite orbit" "A" "E9C02" "none" "N" '''Satellitsat'earth antenna gain signal-to-noise ratio" "Satellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antenna" "Elevation of satellite above horizon signal-to-noise ratio s''A'' ''E'"N" "What factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur satellite station in telecommand operation?" "Path loss earth antenna gain signal-to-noise ratio" 'satellite ''S'signal-to-noise ratio satellite transmitter power" "B" "E9C04" "none" '''How does''G'"Gain increases 6 dB" "Gain increases 3 dB" "C" "E9C05" "none" '''How does''I'"It is essentially unaffected" "It decreases" "D" "E9C06" "none" '''What is ''1'"45.0 degrees" "60.9 degrees" "B" "E9C07" "none" '''What is ''3'"37 degrees" "60.4 degrees" "B" "E9C08" "none" '''What is ''7'"36.1 degrees" "3.61 degrees" "C" "E9C09" "none" '''What is ''3'"58.0 degrees" "51.0 degrees" "D" "E9C10" "none" '''How is c''Sfto form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes" "Stack two Yagis fed in phase to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planes" "Arrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other wfed 90 deg''Awfed in phase" "C" "E9C11" "none" "N" '''In order''B'"To rotate antenna polarization along the azimuth and elevate the system towards the satellite" "A" "E9D01" "none" "N" 'spaced a f''T'"The omega matching system" "The stub matching system" "B" "E9D02" "none" '''What sys''T'"The omega matching system" "The stub matching system" "A" "E9D03" "none" '''What imp''T'"The omega matching system" "The stub matching system" "D" "E9D04" "none" '''What sho''7'"200 pF" "0.2 pF" "B" "E9D05" "none" '''What sho''0'"200 pF" "70 pF" "D" "E9D06" "none" '''What kin''A'"An inductive reactance" "The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage" "C" "E9D07" "none" '''What kin''T'"A capacitive reactance" "The same as the input impedance of the final generator stage" "C" "E9D08" "none" '''What kin''A'"The same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission line" "The same as the generator output impedance" "A" "E9D09" "none" '''What kin''A'"The same as the characteristic impedance of the line" "The same as the input impedance to the final generator stage" "B" "E9D10" "none" '''What kin''A'"The same as the characteristic impedance of the line" "The same as the output impedance of the generator" "B" "E9D11" "none " '
