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- INIT.D(7) The SuSE boot concept INIT.D(7)
-
-
-
- NAME
- INIT.D - The SuSE boot concept
-
- SYNOPSIS
- /etc/init.d/*
-
- /etc/sysconfig
-
- DESCRIPTION
- The scripts for controlling the system are placed in /etc/init.d/ (they
- have been moved according to the Linux Standard Base (LSB) specifica-
- tion). These scripts are executed directly or indirectly by
- /sbin/init, the father of all processes. The configuration of
- /sbin/init is given by the file /etc/inittab (see inittab(5)).
-
- At boot time, the boot level master script /etc/init.d/boot is called
- to initialise the system (e.g. file system check, ...). It also exe-
- cutes some hardware init scripts linked into /etc/init.d/boot.d/. Then
- it calls /etc/init.d/boot.local, which executes the local commands.
-
- After system startup, /sbin/init will normally switch on the default
- run level given in /etc/inittab. It calls the run level master script
- /etc/init.d/rc to start or stop services provided by the other scripts
- under /etc/init.d/.
-
- Both scripts, then boot level master script /etc/init.d/boot and the
- the run level master script /etc/init.d/rc starts all other boot or
- runlevel scripts either sequential or partial parallel within their
- dependencies order.
-
- To control the services of a run level, the corresponding scripts are
- linked into run level directories /etc/init.d/rc<X>.d/, where
- <X>=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,S is the run level number.
-
- There are two kinds of symbolic link: start links, which are called
- when entering a run level, and stop links, which are called when leav-
- ing a run level. Note that each service in the run levels 2, 3, 4, and
- 5 consists of a start and a stop link. Within SuSE boot concept a dif-
- ferential link scheme is used to be able to change a runlevel in com-
- parision with the former level.
-
- If parallel executing of the boot scripts is enabled (see /etc/syscon-
- fig/boot variable RUN_PARALLEL) then both master scripts uses the pro-
- gram startpar(8) which starts or stops multiple services in parallel.
- Startpar(8) will look for the files /etc/init.d/.depend.boot,
- /etc/init.d/.depend.start, and /etc/init.d/.depend.stop to get the
- dependencies for each service. The files will be written, beside the
- symbolic links in the boot and runlevel directories, by the program
- insserv(8).
-
- To avoid redundant starts when changing run levels, only those services
- are started which have no start link in the previous run level. And to
- avoid redundant stops when changing run levels, only those services are
- stopped which have no start link in the current level. To control this
- behaviour, the names of the scripts are added on the names of the start
- and stop links.
-
- To control the order of service starts and stops, the start and stop
- links include a number in their link name.
-
- The system configuration files in /etc/sysconfig contain most of the
- variables used to configure the installed services. These variables
- can easily be changed by YaST or by using an editor. After using an
- editor, the script /sbin/SuSEconfig must be called to distribute the
- settings into the system.
-
- Some details
- The script /etc/init.d/lpd starts or stops the line printer daemon for
- the printing service, according to the flag used:
-
- /etc/init.d/lpd start
- and
-
- /etc/init.d/lpd stop
-
- To do this automatically in run level 3, this script is linked into
- /etc/init.d/rc3.d/ with these two symbolic links
-
- /etc/init.d/rc3.d/S20lpd -> ../lpd
- and
-
- /etc/init.d/rc3.d/K20lpd -> ../lpd
-
- The corresponding link with the letter S is used to start a service.
- For the printing service the number between the letter S and the name
- should be greater than the number of the start link of the network ser-
- vice. The corresponding link with the letter K is used to stop a ser-
- vice. The number of the stop link for the printing service should be
- less than that of the stop link for the network service so that the
- printer daemon is stopped before shutting down the network service.
-
- Run levels and their services
- 0 This level is used for halting the system. The only valid ser-
- vice for this level is the script halt, which is linked into
- /etc/init.d/rc0.d/. The script halt executes
- /etc/init.d/halt.local. Special system issues for halt or
- reboot should be added there.
-
- 6 This level is used for rebooting the system. The only valid ser-
- vice for this level is the script reboot, which is linked into
- /etc/init.d/rc6.d/. The script reboot executes
- /etc/init.d/halt.local. Specials system issues for halt or
- reboot should be added there.
-
- S This mode is used to switch from boot phase into single user
- mode. The last valid service for this mode is the script sin-
- gle, which is linked into /etc/init.d/rcS.d/. In this mode you
- have only one console.
-
- 1 According to the Linux Standard Base (LSB) specification this
- runlevel is used to switch from normal runlevel into single user
- mode. This is different from former SuSE Linux versions!
-
- 2 The run level 2 is without remote networking. Note that on some
- other systems this is identical with the single user mode. This
- run level can have more than one virtual console.
-
- 3 The run level 3 is with network. This run level is for server
- stations not automatically running X.
-
- 5 The level 5 is with network and xdm(1). You should have a con-
- figured and perfectly running X Window System for this work sta-
- tion run level.
-
- 4 The run level 4 is not (yet) used.
-
- /etc/init.d/skeleton
- This script is a model for writing your own. You can use
- insserv(8) to include your own script into a run level.
-
-
- FILES
- /etc/init.d/*
- /etc/init.d/boot
- /etc/init.d/boot.local
- /etc/init.d/halt
- /etc/init.d/halt.local
- /etc/init.d/rc
- /etc/init.d/reboot
- /etc/init.d/skeleton
- /etc/init.d/single
- /etc/init.d/boot.d/S[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc0.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc1.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc2.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc3.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc4.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc5.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rc6.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/rcS.d/{K,S}[0-9][0-9]*
- /etc/init.d/.depend.boot
- /etc/init.d/.depend.start
- /etc/init.d/.depend.stop
- /etc/inittab
- /etc/sysconfig/boot
- /etc/sysconfig
-
- SEE ALSO
- insserv(8), startpar(8), init(8), inittab(5), and the SuSE Linux hand-
- book, chapter The SuSE boot concept.
-
- COPYRIGHT
- 1996-2005 SuSE Linux AG, Nuernberg, Germany.
-
- AUTHORS
- Florian La Roche <http://www.suse.de/feedback>, Werner Fink
- <werner@suse.de>, Burchard Steinbild <http://www.suse.de/feedback>.
-
-
-
- 4.4 Berkeley Distribution Nov 15, 2000 INIT.D(7)
-