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- Tips for avoiding SPAM
-
- (c) Scott M. Baker, 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- What is SPAM?
-
- The term SPAM is generally used to refer to off-topic commercial messages which
- are posted to newsgroups. These messages are usually advertisements for some
- form of 'Pay' service, usually of an adult nature. Typically, advertisers post
- SPAM messages multiple times and to multiple newsgroups.
-
- While it's hard to blindly condemn commercialism, some of this has really
- gotten out of hand. Some SPAM advertisers post hundreds of bulky off-topic
- pictures to newsgroups where they clearly do not belong. Some of them even post
- adult material to non-adult groups. This kind of recklessness and complete
- disregard for Internet users has had a dreadful impact on usenet newsgroups.
-
- There are ways to get by in a SPAM-filled world though. Through the use of
- SBNews and the techniques I describe below, I have found it easy to eliminate
- nearly all of the SPAM out there. My experiements show that by using the
- techniques below, you can easilly reduce the amount of SPAM you download to
- less than 1%. That's less than one SPAM download for every hundred good
- downloads.
-
- How can SBNews be set up to avoid SPAM?
-
- I will present a list of techniques below, most of which that I use myself on
- my own configuration:
-
- 1. "Maximum XRef Limit". The most effective technique, which also requires
- very little manual effort is to use the Maximum XRef Limit. This setting
- is located under the pull-down menu "Configure:Preferences". Typically, a
- SPAM advertiser posts to many newsgroups at a time. When an article is
- posted to many newsgroups, the news server automatically generates an
- XRef header in the message which contains a list of which groups the
- article is posted to. To make a long story short, you can tell SBNews to
- ignore a message that is posted to too many newsgroups. I usually find a
- setting of 8 to be appropriate, although these days an even lower setting
- (5, or even 2 or 3) may be necessary. Note: You may also want to check
- the "preload xref hdrs" box, described in step 3.
- 2. "Lockout XRef". You can find this option under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Xref Group Name". As described above, the XRef line
- contains a listing of newsgroups to which the message is posted to. There
- may be some newsgroups which contains subject matter that you are
- absolutely certain that you don't want to receive (perhaps material that
- is offensive to you). If a message is cross-posted to one of these
- undesirable groups, then you probably don't want it. You can enter the
- names of groups that are undesirable into the Lockout XRef dialog box,
- and SBNews will ignore any message which is cross-posted to the groups
- that you list. Note: You may also want to check the "preload xref hdrs"
- box described in step 3.
- 3. "Preload XRef Headers". This option is located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Preferences". By default, SBNews does not pre-download the
- header lines containing xref information. This is done to make the header
- download process faster for people who do not use the XRef options
- described above. Thus, SBNews doesn't know that a message should be
- ignored until the message has begun downloading. To abort the message, a
- disconnect/reconnect cycle is required, which is a bit inefficient.
- However, if you make heavy use of the xref limit/lockouts (described
- above), then you will probably want to pre-download the xref headers.
- Checking this option will cause SBNews to download the headers ahead of
- time, so that SBNews can decide whether a message should be ignored
- without having to begin downloading the message. I highly recommend this
- option if you use steps 1 & 2 above.
- 4. "Minimum Message Lines". Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Preferences". There are a lot of SPAM advertisers that post
- short text messages into the binary groups. Although these messages are
- short, they still do waste some of your download time parsing through
- them. I recommend setting the minimum lines setting to "100". If there's
- anything with less than 100 lines, then it probably isn't worth having
- anyway.
- 5. "Lockout Poster". Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Poster", "Current:Lockout", and "Previous:Lockout".
- The poster is the name of the person who sent the message. SPAM
- advertisers usually invent bogus names, but they do tend to reuse the
- names frequently. Sometimes they will consistently use the same domain
- part of a name. When you lockout a poster, SBNews will ignore any
- messages posted by that name. You can manually enter lockouts using the
- "Configure:Lockout:Poster" dialog box, or you can automatically lockout a
- person who posted an unsuitable image in the previous/current thumbnails
- by using the "Current:Lockout" and "Previous:Lockout" options. You don't
- have to specify a full name, you can specify just part of the name. For
- example, if you locked out "@bogusspam.com", that would match
- "tom@bogusspam.com", "joe@bogusspam.com", etc.
- 6. "Lockout Subject". Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Subject". SPAM advertisers have to mention their
- service somewhere, and they usually like to do it in the subject field of
- the message. Sometimes they'll stick an http address in there. As with
- the Lockout Poster option, you don't have to type a full subject line
- here, you can just enter the part of the subject that identifies the SPAM
- advertiser. For example, "phone sex" would eliminate any message subject
- that had that phrase in it.
- 7. Add "free" to Lockout Subject. Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Subject". Every commercial SPAM advertiser wants you
- to think that their pay service is free, so the majority of them put the
- word "free" in the subject line. Locking out free will get rid of a
- considerable amount of junk. There is a risk with this option -- you will
- lose some relevant data from people who actually are posting something
- that is free, but this is the exception rather than the rule.
- [Recommended cautiously due to possible loss of relevant material]
- 8. Add "http://" to Lockout Subject. Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Subject". Commercial SPAM advertisers like to put
- their http address in the subject line so that you know how to get to
- their service. As with the previous step, you will probably miss out on
- some actual relevant material from people who are posting http addresses
- to their website. Again, this is the exception rather than the rule.
- [Recommended cautiously due to possible loss of relevant material]
- 9. Use the <Headers> button. You can use the <headers> button to parse
- through the headers of a newsgroup and lockout/reject messages as you see
- ones you don't want. This is rather labor intensive, but it does provide
- good results. SBNews will need to actually load the headers for a group
- before you can edit them (thus, you must be connected).
- 10. "Lockout Any". Located under the pull-down menu "Configure:Lockout:Any".
- You can lockout a phrase from any header line. This works on subject,
- from, posting-host, xref, and about a dozen other header lines in the
- message. Thus, if you know a phrase you absolutely don't want ("phone
- sex" is a good candidate here!), you can type in in here and SBNews will
- abort any message with the offending phrase.
- 11. "Lockout Posting Host". Located under the pull-down menu
- "Configure:Lockout:Posting-Host". This is a real power-user option. Each
- message includes a "NNTP-Posting-Host" field which identifies the host
- from which the message was sent. Usually this host is the ISP (Internet
- Service Provider) of the SPAM advertiser. To find "NNTP-Posting-Host"
- fields, you'll have to use the <Headers> button, and the <Read> button
- located in the headers list to read an offending message, then scroll
- through header lines of the message itself. "NNTP-Posting-Host" should be
- one of them. Enter the host name into the lockout dialog. Like I said,
- this is a power user type function and should only be used by experienced
- persons. Most SPAM advertisers do not bother to supply a fictitious
- posting host, so this usually works. However, you will reject an entire
- host (which could be thousands of people), so this should be used with
- caution.
- 12. Submit complaints. The only way SPAM can really be stopped is if enough
- complaints are registered to the appropriate authorities. Some ISP's have
- very strict anti-SPAM policies and will terminate any users who post
- spam. This is usually not the case for the big commercial sites though.
- Who do you complain to? The SPAM posters usually go to great lengths to
- hide their true identities so they cannot be traced. However, if you user
- the <Headers> button and <Read> the messages, you can find some
- interesting data in the message headers. Look at the "Path:",
- "Organization:", and "NNTP-Posting-Host:" lines -- these usually have
- some valid addresses. You can try sending complaints in that direction.
- The domain part is not enough to send to alone, you'll need a full email
- address. You can pre-append the names "webmaster@", "support@",
- "complaints@", "orders@", etc to the addresses and see if you can get
- somewhere. (For example, if you see "Organization: bogusspam.com", try
- posting to "webmaster@bogusspam.com") Sometimes your own ISP will have a
- complaints department to which you can attach a message to and they will
- follow-up and contact offender's ISP themselves.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Summary:
- ┌───────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────┐
- │What │Where │Why │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Maximum XRef Limit │Configuration:Preferences │Ignore messages posted to│
- │ │ │more than a specified │
- │ │ │number of newsgroups │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Lockout XRef │Configure:Lockout:Xref │Ignore messages posted to│
- │ │ │specific groups │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Preload XRef │Configure:Preferences │In combination with │
- │ │ │above, pre-loads the │
- │ │ │"Xref" information so │
- │ │ │that SBNews can ignore a │
- │ │ │message without having to│
- │ │ │start downloading it. │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Minimum Message Lines │Configure:Preferences │Ignore messages with too │
- │ │ │few lines in them to hold│
- │ │ │meaningful data │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Lockout Poster │Configure:Lockout:Poster │Ignore messages form a │
- │ │ │specified person (or any │
- │ │ │"From:" header line │
- │ │ │containing the specified │
- │ │ │pattern) │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Lockout Subject │Configure:Lockout:Subject │Ignore messages with a │
- │ │ │specific subject (or any │
- │ │ │"Subject:" header line │
- │ │ │containing the specified │
- │ │ │pattern) │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Add "free" to Lockout │Configure:Lockout:Subject │Lots of 'Pay' services │
- │Subject │ │put 'Free' in the message│
- │ │ │subject. │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Add "http://" to │Configure:Lockout:Subject │Lots of 'Pay' services │
- │Lockout Subject │ │put their http:// address│
- │ │ │in the message subject │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │<Headers> button │<Headers> Button │Manually view message │
- │ │ │headers and │
- │ │ │reject/lockout the ones │
- │ │ │you don't want. │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Lockout Any │Configure:Lockout:Any │Lockout any phrases which│
- │ │ │you know you don't want │
- │ │ │to appear in desirable │
- │ │ │messages. │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Lockout Posting Host: │Configure:Lockout:Posting │Lockout a specific host │
- │ │Host │(i.e. ISP or service │
- │ │ │provider) which is │
- │ │ │permitting SPAM │
- ├───────────────────────┼──────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────┤
- │Complain │n/a │Submit complaints to the │
- │ │ │the offender's ISP to │
- │ │ │stop them. (sometimes it │
- │ │ │does work, but not │
- │ │ │usually) │
- └───────────────────────┴──────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────┘
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- So how will it end?
-
- You have to ask yourself, why are the commercial sites advertising in the
- newsgroups? There can only be one reason: Because it works. Because they are
- actually gaining customers by forcing advertisements down their throats.
- There's a simple solution to this -- do not use the pay sites. There's plenty
- of free stuff on the web -- just look around. The newsgroups are a good example
- -- once you filter out the SPAM, there is a large amount of on-topic material
- left behind.
-
- Maybe the solution is to communicate to the SPAMMERS that there are better ways
- to advertise. Posting 100 off-topic messages only enagages the average user
- into "ignore mode". Flooding the newsgroups with 100 off-topic messages only
- draws people away from the newsgroups. Posting 100 off-topic messages will
- generate complaints. Sooner or later a capable authority will get involved. My
- advice to all the SPAMMERS out there, "If you absolutely have to advertise in
- the newsgroups, post one on-topic advertisement. If people really want to visit
- your site, they'll do it."
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Closing Notes:
-
- This document was originally written for SBNews version 4.8. I will try to keep
- it updated as new versions are released. The above mechanisms and techniques
- are some of the basic building blocks in SBNews and will probably be present
- for all time, in more or less their current format.
-
- You can find the latest version of SBNews at:
-
- http://www.newsrobot.com/sbnews/sbnews.html
-
-
-
-