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Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
October 13, 1998
OS/2 Fix Distribution
Network Computing Software
Austin, Tx
(c) Copyright International Business Machines Corporation, 1998.
All rights Reserved.
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.0 Large Hard Drive Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.1 System Hang or Hard Drive Hesitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2 Cannot Mark a Partition Installable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.3 IPE on Boot, "Trap D" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.4 Inconsistencies in Total Disk Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.5 Application Install Fails with "Not Enough Space" . . . . . . . 3
2.6 Performance Problems With Two Devices on a Single Channel . . . 4
2.7 Install Diskettes or Utility Diskettes Hang on Boot (APAR JR12065) 4
2.8 Additional Parameters For IDE Device Driver . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.0 Removable Media Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 Partitioned Removable Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.1 Using Protected Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1.2 Assignment of Drive Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.3 Configuring Partition Support (OS2DASD) . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.1.4 Ejecting the media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.1.5 Limitations of Partitioned Removable Media Support . . . . 10
3.2 Large Floppy Removable Media (LS-120) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.1 Limitations of LS-120 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.0 Copyright and Trademark Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Contents ii
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
1.0 INTRODUCTION
FixPak 35 (FP35) for Warp 3 and FixPak 6 (FP6) for Warp 4 extended
support for fixed Enhanced IDE drives to sizes up to 8.4GB and added new
caching HPFS and FAT file system support for removable media drives such
as SCSI Syquest Syjet 1.5GB portable hard drive and the Iomega jaz 1GB
and 2GB personal hard drives.
For Warp Server Advanced HPFS386 support of removable media, you
additionally need LAN Server SelectPack IP_8508.
Introduction 1
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
2.0 LARGE HARD DRIVE CONSIDERATIONS
2.1 SYSTEM HANG OR HARD DRIVE HESITATION
The problem is the IDE chip sets on certain planars signal that they
support busmastering but actually have a defect that prevents it from
working correctly. The driver detects busmastering support, turns on
busmastering and attempts to use it. Some symptoms are:
■ System will not boot with IBM1S506.ADD.
■ CHKDSK command does not work properly.
■ Hard drive stops or hesitates for minutes at a time.
This is a known problem with ThinkPad models 760E/ED/ELD/EL. However the
chip set can, and does, show up on planars of other manufacturers. To
correct:
1. Edit the CONFIG.SYS file on Diskette 1 or the boot drive.
2. Disable busmastering by adding the parameter /!BM to the driver; for
example:
BASEDEV=IBM1S506.ADD /A:0 /!BM /A:1 /!BM
3. Save the changes and reboot.
2.2 CANNOT MARK A PARTITION INSTALLABLE
There is a BIOS restriction that installable (startable) or bootable
partitions must be contained within the first 1024 logical cylinders of
the disk. This is true for both EIDE and SCSI hard disk drives. If
FDISK fails to allow a partition to be marked installable, the partition
is either above 1024 cylinders or the partition spans the first 1024
logical cylinders of the disk. Use FDISK to reduce the size of the
startable or bootable partition by sufficient MBytes. One way to
calculate the correct partition size is to do the following:
1. Edit your CONFIG.SYS and add the parameter /W or /V to the
BASEDEV=IBM1S506.ADD statement.
2. Save this change and reboot the system.
Large Hard Drive Considerations 2
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
3. At initialization, record the far left hand column of numbers of the
geometry information under the OS2:log heading; for example, where
C=cylinder, H=head, and S=sector:
OS2:log
C 1027
H 63
S 128
4. Calculate the 1024 cylinder size in MBytes as ( H x S ) / 2. (round
down).
All bootable partitions must be contained within this size. In this
example the bootable partition must be contained in the first 4032
MBbytes of the disk and cannot exceed a single partition size of 4032
MBytes within this area. No bootable partition may extend beyond the
first 4032 MBytes.
5. Use FDISK to resize the partitions and reboot.
2.3 IPE ON BOOT, "TRAP D"
If you experience a Trap D on boot when using the /FORCE parameter on
IBM1S506.ADD, and you have the NetFinity client installed, REMark out the
BASEDEV=NFDASD.FLT statement in CONFIG.SYS.
2.4 INCONSISTENCIES IN TOTAL DISK SPACE
This version of IBM1S506.ADD allows the detection and correct reporting
of some additional free space on certain drives. This "free space" is
real and now can be accessed, either by creating a new partition or using
a program such as PartitionMagic to add the free space to an existing
partition. This will not cause any corruption or inaccessibility to the
data currently on the disk.
2.5 APPLICATION INSTALL FAILS WITH "NOT ENOUGH SPACE"
FAT partitions under OS/2 are limited to a 2.1GB maximum size. HPFS
partitions are limited to a 64GB maximum size. However there is the
magic number, 2,147,483,647 (2.1GB). This 2.1GB value is the maximum
number that will fit into a signed 32-bit integer. Some application
software installation programs query OS/2 about the available remaining
space on the partition and save the result into a signed 32-bit integer.
If more than 2.1GB is available there is an overflow, it appears no space
is available, and the installation program refuses to continue. Two
solutions are:
Large Hard Drive Considerations 3
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
■ Partition the remaining space into maximum 2GB partitions.
■ Retain the large partition, but before trying to install software
create a large temporary file that reduces available space to less
than 2.1GB. After installation of the application delete the
temporary file.
2.6 PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS WITH TWO DEVICES ON A SINGLE CHANNEL
With certain planars, two devices attached to the same IDE channel will
exhibit performance problems when one device is a slow non-DMA device
like a CDROM or removable drive and the other device is a faster disk
drive. To alleviate this problem move the slow device to the other
channel, where it is the only device or is paired with a similar slow
device.
If moving the device is not possible, then you can disable busmastering
for that channel, by specifying parameters on the driver IBM1S506.ADD in
CONFIG.SYS. For example, if you wanted to disable bus mastering for the
secondary controller, you would add the parameters "/A:1 /!BM" to the
IBM1S506.ADD line in CONFIG.SYS.
2.7 INSTALL DISKETTES OR UTILITY DISKETTES HANG ON BOOT (APAR JR12065)
Diskette 1 of the Install or Utility diskette sets may appear to hang on
boot, waiting for a removable media device to respond. To avoid:
1. Edit the CONFIG.SYS on Diskette 1 of the set
2. REMark out the basedev=ibmint13.i13 statement and save the file.
3. Reboot
2.8 ADDITIONAL PARAMETERS FOR IDE DEVICE DRIVER
Parameter Function
/V Verbose Mode, displays controller status and drive
geometry information during OS/2 initialization.
/W Verbose Mode, displays controller status and drive
geometry information during OS/2 initialization.
Initialization stops after displaying the information for
each device, with a "Press Enter to Continue" message.
It is possible that the message buffer will overflow,
resulting in a "Lost message" message. This parameter
Large Hard Drive Considerations 4
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
works correctly on Warp 3 with FP35 or later systems and
on Warp 4 systems with FP6 or later.
/FORCE Forces the emulation of an IDE CDROM drive, even though
one is not present during OS/2 initialization. For
example, the statements
BASEDEV=IBM1S506.ADD /A:1 /U:0 /ATAPI /FORCE
BASEDEV=IBMIDECD.FLT
support inserting an internal CDROM drive into the
Ultrabay of a ThinkPad 755CD after suspend, even though
the drive is not present during initialization.
Large Hard Drive Considerations 5
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
3.0 REMOVABLE MEDIA SUPPORT
Removable media devices attach to the system by a variety of interfaces.
IDE Supported with the OS/2 supplied IBM1S506.ADD device
driver.
EIDE Supported with the OS/2 supplied IBM1S506.ADD device
driver.
ATAPI Supported with the OS/2 supplied IBMATAPI.FLT device
driver.
ATA Supported with the OS/2 supplied IBM1S506.ADD device
driver. Iomega Zip ATA drives are supported only as
single partition media and be configured in ATA
Compatibility Mode; that is, the jumpers are:
Master Slave
&bul. &bul. &sqbullet. &bul.&bxh.&bul. &sqbullet.
&bul. &bul. &bul. &bul. &bul. &bul.
SCSI Supported with the OS/2 device driver for the SCSI
controller to which the device is attached. To ensure
correct operation with the Adaptec 1542 SCSI adapter,
partition sizes should always be less than 1GB.
PP Parallel Port attached devices are supported with
vendor-supplied drivers. The device driver must have an
".ADD" extension for the media to be supported as
partitioned removable. For example, the Syquest Syjet
Parallel drive is properly supported by the
vendor-supplied EPST.ADD driver, the Iomega Zip Parallel
uses a vendor-supplied *.SYS driver and is not supported
by the partitioned removable support, and the Syquest
SparQ Parallel Iomega ZipPlus Parallel drives have no OS/2
drivers at all.
Removable media devices are supported in one of two ways.
Large Floppy The LS-120 drive.
Partitioned All other magnetic removable media devices. This
media appears as a removable hard drive.
Removable Media Support 6
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
3.1 PARTITIONED REMOVABLE MEDIA
Features of the partitioned removable media support are:
■ Ability to partition removable media into multiple partitions
■ Ability to format with either HPFS or FAT
■ Ability to exploit caching performance
■ Ability to use HPFS long file names
■ Drag/drop capability through the Workplace drive icon
■ Operating system protection to safely eject media through software
eject utility
■ Assignment of drive letters to end of disk drive lettering chain to
prevent floating drive letters
■ Ability to predetermine a fixed number of drive letters for multiple
partitions for removable media
3.1.1 USING PROTECTED MEDIA
There are some restrictions on the use of these devices. These
restrictions deal with vendor-provided protection routines that either
read/write or password protect the media.
You are unable to read or write HPFS formatted media that has been read,
write or password protected by a vendor supplied protection utility. For
all read and write protected media, remove the vendor protection prior to
trying to read or write to the media. For instance, if you do not remove
the protection, you will get the following failures:
■ If you issue a DIR command to write or password protected media, you
will receive a "Drive improperly stopped" error message.
■ If you try to FORMAT a write or password protected media, you will
receive numerous error messages after a few minutes.
■ If you try to use desktop operations like drag/drop folders/files, you
will receive numerous error messages.
Once the vendor supplied protection is removed, then these errors will no
longer occur.
Removable Media Support 7
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
3.1.2 ASSIGNMENT OF DRIVE LETTERS
New Algorithm: no filters assumed
Primary from fixed disk 1
Primary from fixed disk 2
Primary from fixed disk n
Extended from fixed disk 1
Extended from fixed disk 2
Extended from fixed disk n
Primary from removable disk 1
Extended(s) from removable disk 1
Primary from removable disk 2
Extended(s) from removable disk 2
Primary from removable disk n
Extended(s) from removable disk n
Lack of a primary partition (or Extended Partition only) is allowed. If
no media is present at boot, a single logical drive is reported. Note
that some drives, Syquest EZ135A for example, do NOT report correctly
when no media is present and will not be seen at all. If media with
multiple partitions is present at boot, then all partitions will be
assigned drive letters.
3.1.3 CONFIGURING PARTITION SUPPORT (OS2DASD)
BASEDEV=OS2DASD.DMD [/LF] [/MP:(disk,count)[,(disk,count)]]
Removable Media Support 8
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
Parameter Description
/LF Forces all removable devices to be treated as Large Floppy
rather than partitioned media.
/MP Used to support allocating a predetermined number of drive
letters for a partitioned removable media device. Note
that this option only applies to partitioned removable
devices, and is ignored for any other device type.
If the /MP parameter is used, then:
Sub-parameter Description
disk The integer disk number of the device, as reported by
FDISK, or the wildcard character * to specify all
partitioned removable devices.
count The integer count of the number of partitions to reserve
for the device. If the wildcard character * is used, it
specifies a default number of drive letters to reserve for
all partitioned removable devices. Specifying a count for
a particular disk will override this default. Also, if
there is media in the device at boot time, and it has more
partitions which are eligible to receive drive letters
than there are drive letters reserved for the device
through the /MP option, then the number of drive letters
reserved for the device will be increased so that every
eligible partition on the media will have a drive letter.
If the /MP option is not used, the rules for determining the number of
drive letters reserved for a partitioned removable media device are as
follows:
■ If there is no media in the drive at boot time, or the media in the
drive has no valid partitions, then one drive letter is reserved for
the device.
■ If there is media in the drive at boot time and the media has valid
partitions which are eligible for drive letters, the number of drive
letters is equal to the number of eligible partitions on the media.
Media which is formatted in floppy mode is treated as a single
partition and allocated a single drive letter.
Removable Media Support 9
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
3.1.4 EJECTING THE MEDIA
OS/2 prevents the media from being ejected during data transfers or while
there are pending file transactions. The hardware manual eject button is
disabled during these times. The eject button will be enabled when the
media can be safely ejected.
There is a new OS/2 utility, EJECT.EXE, that provides a command line
method for ejecting the media. The Workplace Drive Icon now supports the
software eject option for these drives as well. For example, the command
EJECT J:, where J: is the logical drive letter of one of the partitions
on the media will cause the media to be ejected.
In order for this command to succeed there must be no open files on any
of the partitions on the media, nor any open search operations.
Removable media that is shared on a server cannot be ejected because of
open file handles. If it is necessary to remove the media without
rebooting you may issue the command CHKDSK J: /F, where J: is the
logical drive letter of one of the partitions on the media. This will
free the media and a subsequent EJECT J: command will cause the media to
be ejected.
3.1.5 LIMITATIONS OF PARTITIONED REMOVABLE MEDIA SUPPORT
■ Applications that manipulate partitioned devices, such as file
managers, must be updated to test the fixed/removable flag in order to
account for partitioned removable devices. Such applications that
have not been updated treat the removable devices as fixed and the
results are unpredictable whenever media is not present.
■ Due to the variability of hardware adapter support, installing to or
booting from partitioned removable media is not supported.
■ Optical drive support is unchanged. Partitioned removable media and
HPFS do not support optical drives. You should continue to use
OPTICAL.DMD and OS2SCSI.DMD.
■ The following devices were tested during the development of the
Partitioned Removable Media Support. Similar devices should operate
correctly, as should other removable media devices that are made
available with a supporting ADD device driver.
- Iomega SCSI jaz 1GB and 2GB personal hard drives
- Iomega Zip ATA 100MB drives (supported only as single partition
media).
- Iomega Zip ATAPI 100 MB drives
- Syquest SCSI Syjet 1.5GB portable hard drives
Removable Media Support 10
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
- Syquest IDE Syjet 1.5GB portable hard drives
- Syquest SparQ IDE portable hard drives
3.2 LARGE FLOPPY REMOVABLE MEDIA (LS-120)
The LS-120 drive supports 120-MB diskettes and is compatible with 3.5
inch 1.44-MB standard diskettes, with improved performance.
3.2.1 LIMITATIONS OF LS-120 SUPPORT
■ If you have an LS-120 drive as drive B, then you must not format it
from an OS/2 windowed or full screen session where the current drive
is drive A or drive B. The current drive for an OS/2 windowed or full
screen session is given as part of the command prompt. For example,
if the command prompt in an OS/2 windowed or full screen session is
[C:\], then drive C is the current drive.
■ The following devices were tested during the development of the Large
Floppy Removable Media Support. Similar devices should operate
correctly.
- Imation LS-120
- SuperDisk LS-120
Removable Media Support 11
Fixed IDE Hard Drive and Removable Media Support
4.0 COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK INFORMATION
The following terms are trademarks of International Business Machines
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
IBM │ │
├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
OS/2 │ │
├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
ThinkPad │ │
├───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
Ultrabay │ │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Other company, product, and service names may be trademarks or service
marks of others.
Copyright and Trademark Information 12