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SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
NNAAMMEE
shar - create shell archives
SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
shar [ options ] file ...
shar -S [ options ]
DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
Shar creates "shell archives" (or shar files) which are in
text format and can be mailed. These files may be unpacked
later by executing them with /bin/sh. The resulting
archive is sent to standard out unless the _-_o option is
given. A wide range of features provide extensive flexi-
bility in manufacturing shars and in specifying shar
"smartness." Archives may be "vanilla" or comprehensive.
This manual page reflects shar version 3.49.
OOPPTTIIOONNSS
Options can be given in any order. Some options depend on
each other:
The _-_o option is required if the _-_l or _-_L option is used.
The _-_n option is required if the _-_a option is used.
See _-_V below.
_-_V Produce "vanilla" shars which rely only upon the
existence of sed and echo in the unsharing environ-
ment. In addition, "if test" must also be sup-
ported if the _-_X option is used. The _-_V silently
disables options offensive to the "network cop" (or
"brown shirt"), but does warn you if it is speci-
fied with _-_B, _-_C, _-_p or _-_M (any of which does or
might require uudecode or compress in the unsharing
environment).
_-_v Verbose OFF. Disables the inclusion of comments to
be output when the archive is unpacked.
_-_w Do NOT check with 'wc -c' after unpack. The default
is to check.
_-_n name
Name of archive to be included in the header of the
shar files. See the _-_a switch.
_-_a Allows automatic generation of headers:
Submitted-by: who@where
Archive-name: <name>/part##
The <name> must be given with the _-_n switch. If
name includes a '/' "/part" isn't used. Thus:
-n xyzzy produces:
xyzzy/part01
xyzzy/part02
-n xyzzy/patch produces:
August 12, 1990 1
SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
xyzzy/patch01
xyzzy/patch02
-n xyzzy/patch01. produces:
xyzzy/patch01.01
xyzzy/patch01.02
The who@where can be explicitly stated with the _-_s
switch if the default isn't apropriate. Who@where
is essentially built as `whoami`@`uname`.
_-_s who@where
Override automatically determined submitter name.
_-_x Overwrite existing files without checking. If nei-
ther _-_x nor _-_X is specified, the unpack will check
for and not overwrite existing files when unpacking
the archive (unless '-c' is passed as a parameter
to the script when unpacking).
_-_X Interactively overwrite existing files (DO NOT USE
FOR SHARS SUBMITTED TO THE NET).
_-_B Treat all files as binary, use uuencode prior to
packing. This increases the size of the archive.
The recipient must have uudecode in order to
unpack. (USE OF UUENCODE IS NOT APPRECIATED BY
MANY ON THE NET).
_-_T Treat all files as text (default).
_-_C Compress and uuencode all files prior to packing.
The recipient must have uudecode and uncompress in
order to unpack (USE OF UUENCODE AND COMPRESS IS
NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).
_-_m Generate 'touch' commands to restore the file modi-
fication dates when unpacking files from the
archive.
_-_p Allow positional parameter options. The options
"_-_B" and "_-_T" and "_-_C" may be embedded, and files
to the right of the option will be processed in the
specified mode.
_-_b X When doing compression, use '-bX' as a parameter to
compress. The _-_B options turns on the _-_C option by
default.
_-_M Mixed mode. Determine if the files are text or
binary and archive correctly. Files found to be
binary are uudecoded prior to packing (USE OF UUEN-
CODE IS NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).
August 12, 1990 2
SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
_-_P Use temporary files instead of pipes in the shar
file.
_-_c Start the shar with a cut line. A line saying 'Cut
here' is placed at the start of each output file.
_-_f Restore by filename only, rather than path. This
option causes only file names to be used, which is
useful when building a shar from several directo-
ries, or another directory. Note that if a direc-
tory name is passed to shar, the substructure of
that directory will be restored whether _-_f is spec-
ified or not.
_-_d XXX Use XXX to delimit the files in the shar instead of
SHAR_EOF. This is for those who want to personal-
ize their shar files.
_-_F Forces the prefix character (normally 'X' unless
the parameter to the _-_d option starts with 'X') to
be prepended to every line even if not required.
This option may slightly increase the size of the
archive, especially if _-_B or _-_C is used.
_-_o XXX Save the archive to files XXX.01 thru XXX.nn
instead of standard out. Must be used when the _-_l
or the _-_L switches are used
_-_l XX Limit the output file size to XXk bytes but don't
split input files.
_-_L XX Limit output file size to XXk bytes and split files
if necessary. The archives created with this option
must be unpacked in correct order.
_-_S Read list of files to be packed from the standard
input rather than from the command line. Input
must be in a form similar to that generated by the
find command, one filename per line. This switch
is especially useful when the command line will not
hold the list of files to be packed. For example:
find . -type f -print | sort | shar -S -C -L50 -o /tmp/big
If _-_p is specified on the command line, then the
options "_-_B" and "_-_T" and "_-_C" may be included in
the standard input (on a line separate from file-
names). The maximum number of lines of standard
input, file names and options, may not exceed 1024.
EEXXAAMMPPLLEESS
shar *.c > cprog.shar # all C prog sources
shar -v *.[ch] > cprog.shar # non-verbose, .c and .h files
shar -B -l28 -oarc.sh *.arc # all binary .arc files, into
August 12, 1990 3
SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
# files arc.sh.01 thru arc.sh.NN
shar -f /lcl/src/u*.c > u.sh # use only the filenames
WWAARRNNIINNGGSS
No chmod or touch is ever generated for directories cre-
ated when unpacking. Thus, if a directory is given to
shar, the protection and modification dates of correspond-
ing unpacked directory may not match those of the origi-
nal.
If a directory is passed to shar, it may be scanned more
than once. Therefore, one should be careful not change
the directory while shar is running.
Be careful that the output file(s) are not included in the
inputs or shar may loop until the disk fills up. Be par-
ticularly careful when a directory is passed to shar that
the output files are not in that directory (or a subdirec-
tory of that directory).
Use of the _-_B, _-_M or _-_C may slow the archive process con-
siderably, depending on the number of files.
Use of _-_X produces shars which _W_I_L_L cause problems with
many unshar procedures. Use this feature only for
archives to be passed among agreeable parties. Certainly,
_-_X is NOT for shell archives which are to be submitted to
Usenet. Usage of _-_B or _-_C in net shars will cause you to
be flamed off the earth. Using _-_m or not using _-_F may
also get you occasional complaints.
SSEEEE AALLSSOO
unshar(1)
DDIIAAGGNNOOSSTTIICCSS
Error messages for illegal or incompatible options, for
non-regular, missing or inaccessible files or for
(unlikely) memory allocation failure.
AAUUTTHHOORRSS
shar3 is a derived work based on the efforts of:
decvax!microsof!uw-beave!jim (James Gosling at CMU)
Michael A. Thompson, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S., Canada
davidsen@sixhub (Bill Davidsen)
rhg@CPS.COM (Richard H. Gumpertz)
colas@avahi.inria.fr (Colas Nahaboo)
bill@netagw.com (Bill Aten)
dennis%nanovx@gatech.edu (Dennis Boylan)
wht%n4hgf@gatech.edu (Warren Tucker)
(other anonymous persons)
man pages:
jhd@irfu.se (Jan Dj{rv)
August 12, 1990 4