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1995-11-07
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In an endeavour to make this Glossary as complete as possible, some
definitions have been borrowed from glossaries issued with Squish, Msged and
ESC (These programs are often used in conjunction with BinkleyTerm). Full
Acknowledgments and grateful thanks are offered to the authors of these
programs. BRS Feb 1994
THE GLOSSARY
*.MSG
The message format originally used by Fido, also used as the FidoNet
standard for local message storage The *.MSG system requires a separate
directory for each message area, and a separate file for each message.
This makes the *.MSG format inefficient, in terms of both disk space and
time. For compatibility reasons, Squish uses the *.MSG format by
default.
*.SQ?
The message format originally used by Maximus. *.SQ? (or "Squish
format") uses two files per area; a .SQI file contains a message index,
and the other contains the message headers and text.
*.PKT
The "transport layer" for FidoNet-compatible messages. Packets are used
when transferring messages between two different FidoNet systems. Since
all systems use the same type of packet, *.PKT can be used to transfer
messages between systems which use unlike message bases (such as *.MSG
and the QuickBBS/Hudson format). See also "2+" and "StoneAge".
2+
A new, backwards-compatible form of *.PKT files. The original packet
design had no allowances for zone and point information; the 2+ packet
format corrects this shortcoming. Squish creates 2+ packets by default,
but it can also handle StoneAge packets. See also "*.PKT" and
"StoneAge".
4D
A term used to refer to a full FidoNet address. An address in the form
"zone:net/node.point" is called 4D because it allows for
four-dimensional addressing.
AMAX
The name of a BinkleyTerm utility by Alan Applegate that handles various
outbound mail manipulation functions.
Archiver
An archiver is a program used to compress files. Archivers are very
useful in a FidoNet environment, as compressing mail can reduce its size
by up to 80%.
ARCmail
Simply archived mail packets, processed with an ARC- compatible utility.
Typically used to forward EchoMail messages due to the file compression
inherent in the archiving process. Naming conventions correspond to a
generally accepted method. See 'Mail Packet.' ARCmail refers to both a
program from System Enhancement Associates and to a mail compression
format. Mail which is compressed using the ARC archiver is referred to
as "ARCmail". Similarly, mail compressed with ZIP is called "ZIPmail",
mail compressed with LHarc is referred to as "LZHmail", and so on.
ArcmailAttach
An ArcmailAttach system is a mailer which requires "file attaches" to
send compress mail bundles. ArcmailAttach is not specific to the ARCmail
compression method; it simply means that a different method is used for
creating compressed mail bundles. Mailers such as FrontDoor, InterMail,
D'Bridge and Dutchie require the "ArcmailAttach" keyword in SQUISH.CFG.
AREAS.BBS
A ConfMail-compatible file containing a list of message directories,
addresses, and area tags. Squish can use AREAS.BBS, but areas must be
declared in SQUISH.CFG to use some of Squish's advanced features.
bang path
Addressing a message can get messy in today's e-mail world, especially
if it's destined for a system in another computer network, such as UUCP
or the InterNet. Fortunately, msged understands the disparate vagaries
of addressing standards and accomplishes most of the tricky stuff all by
itself. You need only enter the address. Oh... a bang path is an UUCP
address. It is the list of systems that a message must travel to reach
the destination system from the originating system. Each system in the
list is separated by an exclamation point ('!') which, in UNIX
terminology, is called a bang. In general InterNet style domain
addresses (user@site.domain) are preferred to bang paths.
BBS
An electronic bulletin board system. A method of communicating and
sharing files with others by computer. Typically operated by hobbyists,
free-of-charge.
Busy flag
A semaphore file used in the BinkleyTerm outbound area. Busy flags are
used to ensure that two programs don't access the same file at the same
time, when running in a multitasking or a network environment.
BOSS
The sysOp (system operator) of a points Host system.
BOSSNODE
A term used by Points. It refers to your host system- the system from
which you receive your mail.
CALL
To have your mailer dial another system to deliver, pickup or check for
mail or files to be transferred.
Carrier Detect
A serial port line that is brought "high" (raised, given a "true"
logical value) when carrier is present on the line, e.g., when the modem
is connected to another modem.
The modem raises and lowers this line.
CD
See "Carrier Detect."
Compressed Mail
Mail that has been compressed or "archived" with any one of several
archiving utilities. Such mail is also known as ARCmail, ZOOmail,
PAKmail, etc., depending on which archiving utility was used to compress
the mail.
ConfMail
The name of a mail processing program by Bob Hartman for use in the Opus
or Fido environments, or any other environment that uses a compatible
message base.
Continuous Mail
A capability of a particular system to accept mail at any time of day,
as opposed to being required to accept it only during certain
pre-scheduled times.
Crash
A message flavour. Crash means that a message should be sent directly to
its destination, with no routing implied. Crash usually implies "send
it NOW".
D'Bridge
A commercial FidoNet mailer written by Chris Irwin.
Data Terminal Ready
A serial port line that is brought "high" (raised, given a "true"
logical value) when the local terminal is ready for communications. A
serial device (in our case a modem) connected to the serial port uses
this line to detect whether the terminal (your PC and BinkleyTerm) are
ready for communications activities. Normally, bringing the line "low"
(lowering, giving a "false" logical value) causes a modem to disconnect
from the telephone line.
BinkleyTerm raises and lowers this line.
Direct
A message flavour. Direct is identical to crash in all respects, except
that the message will be governed by your mailer's event schedule.
Domains
Domain addressing represents a relatively recent Fidonet kludge designed
to more reliably identify and avoid conflicts with identically numbered
Zones and Nets in other networks. The address is then made up of 5
parts, with separators as shown below:
Zone:Net/Node.Point@Domain
When a message is addressed to another Domain, it is rerouted to the
domain gateway for that domain, unless marked crash. If no domain
gateway is found listed for a particular domain, the address is left
untouched. In any case, a line is inserted into the message using the
format:
^ADOMAIN ddmn zone:net/node sdmn zone:net/node
DTR
See "Data Terminal Ready."
Duplicate messages (dupes)
A second copy of an EchoMail message. When problems crop up in EchoMail
topology, copies of old messages occasionally get dumped into the
system. A good mail processor will handle this.
Dutchie
A FidoNet mailer written by Henk Wevers.
Dynamic Event
A system event (see "Event") that stops when particular conditions (lack
of mail of a certain type to be sent) are met.
EchoMail
A system devised by Jeff Rush for the automated sharing of message areas
between systems, whereby messages are "echoed" from one system to
another. Also known as conferences or EchoMail conferences.
EMSI
A handshake protocol credited to Joaquim H. Homrighausen allowing
maximum flexibility in session startup and control
Errorlevel
The name of a DOS environment variable; contains a value returned by a
program on exit that indicates a certain pre- defined condition. An
errorlevel is a number set by a DOS or OS/2 program when that program
terminates. This number can be later checked for in a batch or command
file, and various actions can be taken based on that number.
ESC
The name of a utility program which will prepare configuration files etc
so that setting up a Point system is simple, once all the necessary
programs (details in the docs.) are to hand.
Event
A system occurrence at a pre-configured time, day-of-the- week, and/or
date. Normally system limitations such as when to dial long distance are
dependent on system events.
Fallback, Fallforward.
Automatic adjustment of the baud rate carried out by modems with this
capability.
FD
Contraction of Front Door, a front end mailer program.
Feed
The system which supplies echomail or files to another system. Also
referred to as the Boss or Host system or Bossnode.
Fido
The original implementation of FidoNet and FidoNet protocol; a BBS
software package.
FidoNet
The name of the original network that used FidoNet protocol, as designed
by Tom Jennings.
FidoNet Protocol
A method of electronic mail transfer designed by Tom Jennings, as
documented in the Fido Technical Standards Committee document FSC-0001.
File Request
The ability and associated methods of using extended FidoNet protocol to
obtain a particular file automatically from one FidoNet system to
another.
Flavour
A 'flavour' is also known as a priority. Flavours can be used to
override other routing commands and to explicitly send mail directly to
a given node.
FOSSIL Driver
FOSSIL is an acronym for Fido/Opus/SEAdog Standard Interface Layer.
Since not all computers capable of running MS-DOS are hardware
compatible with the IBM PC, communications software typically written
for the IBM PC may not operate on machines such as the DEC Rainbow,
Sanyo 555 or Heath/Zenith 100.
The FOSSIL provides a consistent manner for a communications program to
access the communications ports, keyboard and screen. The FOSSIL is
typically installed at boot-time, either as a device driver or as a
program. The driver MUST be installed prior to running any FOSSIL
compatible software, BinkleyTerm included, or an error message will be
generated, and the program will abort.
FOSSIL drivers are normally available from systems that distribute
Opus-CBCS and/or BinkleyTerm software. Examples of FOSSIL drivers are:
OpusComm by Bob Hartman for the IBM PC and close compatibles, X00 by Ray
Gwinn for the IBM PC and compatibles, and DECCOMM by Vince Perriello for
the DEC Rainbow.
FREQ
Abbreviation for "File request"
FrontDoor
A FidoNet mailer written by Joaquim Homrighausen. (also known as FD and
FroDo)
Front end
A synonym for "mailer".
FSC001
In BinkleyTerm, an abbreviation that indicates that a mail session
corresponding to the FSC-0001 standard is in use. FSC-0001 is a
standards document written by the FidoNet Technical Standards Committee.
FTS
Fido Technical Standard. Rules for Fidonet.
Gates
Gates are systems that can move messages from one network to another.
This may involve changing the message format or it may be as simple as
interpreting an extended address line in the message and acting
accordingly. Gateways are an essential part of the worldwide
connectivity of FidoNet and other electronic mail networks. For example,
did you know that it is possible for a FidoNet sysop to send a message
to someone with an account on Compuserve? It's all done through gates.
GroupMail
A method of sharing message areas devised by System Enhancement
Associates, Inc., similar to EchoMail, except that responsibility for
obtaining mail is placed on the receiving system, not the sending system
as with EchoMail. Based on usage of update requests.
Handshake
The initial negotiation between two modems to decide on a suitable
transmission speed and suitable software protocol so that both ends
understand one another.
Hold
A message flavour indicating that the message in question should be
placed on hold for pick-up.
Hold Area
See "Outbound Area."
Host-routed
Host-routed means that the messages in question will be sent to the
network host (net/0), as opposed to being sent directly to the
destination. Squish can optionally perform host routing.
Hydra
A recently introduced bi-directional mail transfer program devised by
Arjen Lentz and Joaquim H. Homrighausen and now incorporated in
BinkleyTerm 2.60
IEMSI
Stands for Interactive electronic mail standard identification. A
handshake protocol devised by Joaquim H. Homrighausen used typically in
connecting a user (called the Terminal) to a BBS (called the Server).
The handshake provides information such as name and password to the
server without the need to enter this each time. Becoming more common,
but not many BBSs have suitable software and only one? terminal program
is yet available with IEMSI.
Inbound Area
Also known as the "NetFiles" area, this is a special sub- directory set
aside for the acceptance of incoming mail or files from other network
systems.
Janus
A Bi-directional protocol for mail transfer introduced with BinkleyTerm
2.40
Keyword
(or command, token, statement, verb, or even parameter) A word in a
configuration file which acts as a signal to the program they exist for.
Mail Packet
A unit of mail as defined in the FidoNet Technical Standards Committee
document FSC-0001.
Mailer
A program that acts as a FidoNet-compatible mail handler, using FidoNet
protocol. Normally, a mailer answers the phone, accepts and/or sends
mail, and possibly passes human callers on to a BBS.
MSGED
An Opus/Fido compatible message reader/editor by Jim Nutt.
Net
A subset of a FidoNet compatible network, usually a collection of nodes
within a metropolitan area.
NetFiles
Files received from other systems in the network; also a special
sub-directory set aside for the reception of such files.
NetMail
Person-to-person mail sent through the network.
Network
As it applies to BinkleyTerm, a collection of nodes that are FidoNet
compatible, such as the FidoNet network itself, or others such as
EggNet, AlterNet, RBBS-Net, etc. Also, a division of a full network.
See "Net" above.
Node
A FidoNet compatible system, represented by a node address, and listed
in a nodelist.
Nodelist
A listing of FidoNet nodes.
Normal
A message priority. Normal-flavoured messages can be routed, but if no
routing is applied, a normal message will be sent directly to its
destination.
oMMM
A packing program (packer) originally designed for Opus- CBCS, but now
sometimes used with BinkleyTerm.
Opus-CBCS
"The Opus Computer Based Conversation System," a BBS designed by Wynn
Wagner III. Uses ".MSG" message base (compatible with Fido BBS program).
Contains built-in FidoNet compatible mailer.
Origin line
A control line near the bottom of an EchoMail message. The origin line
identifies the origination point of a message. Most origin lines have
the following form:
* Origin: name (address)
where "name" is a brief description of the system, and "address" is a
full 4D network address.
Outbound Area
Also known as the "Hold Area," this is a special sub- directory set
aside specifically for holding mail waiting to be sent to or picked-up
by its destination.
Packer
A program that processes mail entered on a system, and prepares it for
sending by the mailer.
Packet
Within FidoNet, a message unit conforming to FSC-0001 specifications.
With file transfer protocols, a block, or "piece" of the file transfer.
Normally a pre-determined size in bytes.
Parameter
Usually the supporting information needed for a command to operate.
Occasionally used as a synonym for "statement"
Point
A point is a system operating through and under the control of a
regular, fully qualified FidoNet node. The term is derived from the node
address format, 1:104/36.2 for example, where 1 is a zone, 104 a net, 36
a node, and 2 is the point.
Primarily, Points are intended to provide an method of participating in
EchoMail conferences in an off-line state. The conferences are packed
and held for the Point system by the Boss, a system which carries the
desired conference(s) and is willing to route them to the Point. The
Point system 'polls' the Boss for the conferences, which are unpacked
and read off-line on the Point system. Responses are packed and sent to
Boss in much the same manner as is done by regular FidoNet nodes.
Generally, Points never interact with regular nodes, only with their
Boss, since Point systems are not listed in the FidoNet nodelist.
QuickBBS
A BBS program designed by Adam Hudson, which uses configurable menuing
and a database-style message base. Requires mail processing software
designed specifically for its message format.
Region
A subset of a FidoNet compatible network, a collection of nodes within
a broad geographical area. With regard to FidoNet addressing, a region
is handled the same way as a network. With regard to operational
infrastructure, this is a higher level than a net.
Remap
Remapping is the process of readdressing inbound messages based on the
name in the "To:" field. For example, messages are commonly remapped for
points, since the point number may be occasionally omitted when
specifying a system address.
Retrain
Automatic adjustment of the baud rate carried out by modems with this
capability.
Scan
Usually associated with EchoMail processing, "scanning" is the process
of taking new messages from a form usable by a BBS program or message
editor and preparing them for sending via the network by placing them in
standard packet and/or compressed mail format.
SEAdog
A commercial FidoNet mailer by System Enhancement Associates, Inc.
SEAlink
A variant of Xmodem, a robust file transfer protocol featuring sliding
windows, good error trapping and extended file information. Superior to
Xmodem for use on difficult or satellite connected links.
SEEN-BY
A control line at the bottom of an EchoMail message. SEEN- BYs are used
to determine which systems have already been sent a particular message.
Sirius
An Opus/Fido compatible message reader/editor by Bob Klahn.
SHARE.EXE
A DOS program used to enable file locking. SHARE must be loaded if you
wish to use Squish-format message areas in a multitasking environment.
Squish
A multi featured,Fidonet compatible Echomail processor. It incorporates
most of the common echomail functions into the one package and it offers
a choice of using the standard *.MSG message base or its own (now
common) Squish message base which is designed to be fast, reliable and
small.
Statement
Another synonym for "keyword"
StoneAge
A term applied to the original *.PKT design. StoneAge packets do not
support zone or point information. See also "2+" and "*.PKT".
Sysop
System operator; the person who operates a BBS, and/or the operator of
a FidoNet node.
Tear line
A control line at the bottom of an EchoMail message. A tear line is used
to end the message body, and it usually contains a short,
product-specific banner. A tear line begins with three dashes, such as
"--- Thisprog v1.00".
TBBS
A commercial BBS software package by eSoft, Inc.
Telink
An Xmodem variant, a file transfer protocol that is essentially Xmodem
with a file information packet.
Terminal Mode
A BinkleyTerm mode within which the software may be used for manual,
direct connections with remote modem-equipped computers.
Toss
Usually associated with EchoMail processing, "tossing" is the process of
unpacking compressed mail into a form usable by a particular BBS program
or message editor.
TSYNC
A signal sent to a FidoNet system from another FidoNet system attempting
to pass mail traffic. TSYNC is essentially a "handshake" between the
sending and receiving systems to synchronize the mail session.
Unattended Mode
A BinkleyTerm mode within which FidoNet electronic mail may be sent or
received.
Undialable
A term for nodes which will no longer be called automatically by the
system until manually reset. The result of excessive unsuccessful
connections with the remote system in an attempt to send mail.
Unpacker
A mail processing program that takes mail as received (compressed mail
and/or packets) and places it into a form usable by a given type of BBS
program or message editor.
Update Request
The ability and associated methods of requesting only a newer copy of a
file located on one FidoNet system, if a newer copy exists, from another
FidoNet system, using extended FidoNet protocol.
Verb
A synonym for "keyword"
VFOSSIL (Video FOSSIL Driver)
A standard resident driver that allows a software program to access
display hardware in a consistent manner regardless of hardware
compatibility. This is an extension of the FOSSIL driver, and may not be
supported by all FOSSIL drivers at this time. A VFOSSIL allows much
faster access to the video display hardware than a FOSSIL driver alone
would support.
WaZOO
An open architecture method of electronic mail transfer designed by Wynn
Wagner, and originally used with Opus-CBCS. Various protocols can be
used under WaZOO, including ZedZap, a slightly modified Zmodem, and
DietIFNA, a SEAlink method. See 'YooHoo.'
Wildcards
The ability to specify multiple similarly named files by using an
asterisk in place of any number of characters in a file name or
extension, or a question mark to replace a single character.
Xmodem
One of the first of its type, a file transfer protocol designed by Ward
Christensen. Although technologically behind other newer, more robust
protocols, Xmodem is the most widely supported and implemented file
transfer protocol in dial-up use.
YooHoo
A method of mail transfer session negotiation which determines if the
remote system is capable of handling WaZOO. FidoNet systems that do not
support WaZOO will simply disregard the YooHoo; systems capable of
supporting it will answer affirmatively, and a WaZOO session will be
initiated. See 'WaZOO.' YooHoo is defined in the Fido Technical
Standards Committee document FSC-0005.
Zmodem
A robust streaming file transfer protocol featuring advanced error
recovery techniques, variable packet sizing, good error detection and
extended file information. Extremely efficient, yet complex. Highly
effective with difficult connections.
Zone
A large geographical sub-division in the network, the highest level of
the accepted FidoNet addressing scheme. Broad areas such as continents
are given zone designations. Also used to specify a particular
alternate network.
Zonegate
A zonegate is a system which sends EchoMail to more than one zone.
ZOOmail
Archived mail packets, processed with the ZOO utility. Typically used to
forward EchoMail messages due to the file compression inherent in the
archiving process. Naming conventions correspond to a generally
accepted method. See 'Mail Packet.'