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OS/2 Help File
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1996-10-14
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44KB
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1,489 lines
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1. <ANIMATE> - Defines an animation for the Web Explorer. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<ANIMATE> defines the start of a definition of ann animation that will be used
by the Web Explorer to signify activity. I.e. it is the animation displayed in
the box at the top right of the window.
Animations are basically composed of a series of images stored in individual
files. These can be GIF, JPG or BMP files. BMP are the most popular and easiest
to work with. The images must be 40 x 40 pixels in size and can be of anything
you like. Many people use popular animation and rendering packages to put them
together.
The individual frames are defined using the <FRAME> tag.
There can be no text within the <ANIMATE> ... </ANIMATE> tags.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<ANIMATE>
<FRAME SRC="./anims/bitmap1">
<FRAME SRC="./anims/bitmap2">
....
</ANIMATE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2. <FRAME> - Defines an animation frame. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<FRAME> defines an individual frame in a Web explorer animation. This tag can
only exist within the <ANIMATE> tag.
Each frame must be 40 x40 pixels in size and can be a GIF, JPG or BMP file. You
must put in one <FRAME> tag for each frame in the animation.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
SRC="GraphicFile"
GraphicFile is the GIF, JPG or BMP file for the frame being
specified.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<ANIMATE>
<FRAME SRC="./anims/bitmap1">
<FRAME SRC="./anims/bitmap2">
....
</ANIMATE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3. <TABLE> - Table Definition. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TABLE> Tag defines the beginning of a table definition. Basically, this
consists of a number of <TR> tags which define the start of each new row in the
table, with <TD> tags defining each piece of data with the row.
The total number of rows and columes is controlled by how many of these tags
you put in. For example, if you put 3 table row tags, with 4 table data tags
following each one, then the table displayed by the browser will be 3 rows by 4
columes.
You can also tell specific cells to extend themselves over their neighbours.
This allows you to do such thing as have one colume heading with two columes of
data underneath it.
You can also setup the appearance of the table such as how thickt he borders
are and how close the cells are to the borders. A trick I find quite useful is
to setup a table with 0 sized borders. This allows me to format data into
columes. Something the WWW browsers do not do at the present time.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER"
This parameter defines the alignment of the table to the page it is
one. I.e. to the left or right margins, or centered.
BORDER="n"
n defines the thickness of the border in pixels. 0 turns the border
off, enabling you to use tables as a convieniant way to format the
data.
CELLSPACING="n"
n is the distance between cells in pixels.
CELLPADDING="n"
n is the distance between the cell edge and the text within that
cell in pixels.
VSPACE=n
For images whose alignment will wrap text around them, n is the
number of pixels of blank space to be kept above and below the
image.
HSPACE=n
For images whose alignment will wrap text around them, n is the
number of pixels of blank space to be kept to either side of the
image.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TABLE ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER" BORDER=n CELLSPACING=n CELLPADDING=n>
HSPACE=n> VSPACE=n>
<TR>
<TD> ... cell data ... </TD>
</TABLE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4. <TD> - Table Data. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TD> Tag defines the start and end of a block of text which makes up a cell
in a table. This can include graphics, URL references and even other tables.
You can also instruct the browse to make this cell cover one or more other
cells to the right and down. For example, this lets you create multi colume
headings, summary lines, etc. You can do it on any cell in the table.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER"
This parameters tells the browser how to align the data within the
cell.
ROWSPAN=n
n is the number of rows that this cell is to cover. Thus allowing
you to create cells that extend over more than one row.
COLSPAN=n
n is the number of columes that this cell is to cover. Thus allowing
you to create cells that extend over more than one colume. You can
use this to create multi-olume titles and summary lines.
NOWRAP
This tells the browser not to automatically wrap the text within the
cell. To control wrapping you can use <BR> tags.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER" ROWSPAN=n COLSPAN=n NOWRAP> ... cell data ...
</TD>
</TABLE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 5. <TH> - Table Heading. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TH> Tag is used when you want the first row of a table to be a row of
headings for the rest of the table. You simply replace the <TD> tags for the
first row with <TH> tags.
The actual result of doing this is not that much different. All it effectively
does is to Bold the text usd in the first row. However it is good for making it
clear that the row is a row of headings.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER"
This parameters tells the browser how to align the data within the
cell.
ROWSPAN=n
n is the number of rows that this cell is to cover. Thus allowing
you to create cells that extend over more than one row.
COLSPAN=n
n is the number of columes that this cell is to cover. Thus allowing
you to create cells that extend over more than one colume. You can
use this to create multi-olume titles and summary lines.
NOWRAP
This tells the browser not to automatically wrap the text within the
cell. To control wrapping you can use <BR> tags.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER" ROWSPAN=n COLSPAN=n NOWRAP> ... Colume
Heading ... </TH>
<TR>
<TD>
</TABLE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 6. <TR> - Table Row. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag does not have a corresponding end tag.
The <TR> Tag defines the start of a new row in a table. The browser will just
keep adding any cells to the end of the table until this tag is found. Then it
starts a new row.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TABLE>
<TR>
<TD> ... cell data ... </TD>
</TABLE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 7. <BASE> - Base Directory. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<BASE> is only valid within <HEAD> ... </HEAD> tags.
The <BASE> Tag is used to define a base directory from which all subsequent
file references are made.
This only works for relative file references such as './bitmap.gif'. Absolute
references are not effected. Using this tags gives you the ability to change
the base directory as setup in your HTML servers configuration. However I do
recommend that you only do this after carefully considering other options
because it can cause probelsm when you need to reference files outside of the
directory structure.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
HREF="URL"
This parameter is Required.
URL is any valid directory on your server which is to be the new
base directory for all subsequent calls for documents and references
within them.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HEAD>
<BASE HREF="URL">
</HEAD>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 8. <BODY> - Body of Document. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<BODY> defines the start and the end of the textural content of the document.
I.e. only text and graphics within the <BODY> </BODY> will be displayed by the
browser.
This tag can also be used to define the colour of text, links, visited links
and the background for the page to be displayed. Further you can also specify a
bitmap that will be used as a background. This can be very effective as it
greatly enhances the look of a page, however it can also result in eye searing
pages, so careful selection of colours and graphics is recommended.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
BACKGROUND="GraphicFile"
GraphicFile can be any GIF or JPG format graphic file. It should
have the GIF or JPG extension to ensure that the browser has no
problem with it.
BGCOLOR="Color"
Color is a hexidecimal number which tells the browser what colour to
use for the background.
The format for it is "#rrggbb" where rr is the red component, gg is
the green and bb is the blue component. For example, "#000000" is
equal to black, "#FFFFFF" is equal to white, "#800080" is equal to
dark purple, and "#CCCCCC" is equal to light grey.
TEXT="Color"
Color is a hexidecimal number which tells the browser what colour to
use for the text of the document.
LINK="Color"
Color is a hexidecimal number which tells the browser what colour to
use for links to other documents.
VLINK="Color"
Color is a hexidecimal number which tells the browser what colour to
use for links to other documents which you have already visited.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HTML>
<BODY BACKGROUND="GraphicFile" BGCOLOR="Color" TEXT="Color" LINK="Color"
VLINK="Color" >
</HTML>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 9. <FORM> - Form Definition. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<FORM> can be used as a replacement for the <BODY> tag or within it to create a
form within the body of a document.
It is used to define the start and end of a data entry form. I.e. you can enter
data into fields which are then transmitted to the web site for processing. The
most common example of this that you will probably have used is the data entry
screen for search programs such as Yahoo.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
METHOD="POST | GET"
This parameter is Required.
This parameter defines how a form sends data to the server.
POST is the preferred option (although it's not the default) as it
sends the data to the server through it's normal I/O routines and
therefore is easier to handle by the CGI scripts that do the work.
GET is the default and sends the data to the server as a URL request
with the data added to the end of the URL. This has a maximum limit
of 1024 characters.
ACTION="URL"
This parameter is Required.
This parameter defines the script or program that the form will send
the data to. Typically this will be a Perl script with a .CGI
extension, however yif you are using OS/2 servers, REXX scripting
can also be used.
ENCTYPE="MimeType"
This parameter defines the the mime encoding to use for the data.
Usually this is not required.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<FORM METHOD="POST | GET" ACTION="URL" ENCTYPE="MimeType">
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 10. <HEAD> - Document Heading. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HEAD> defines the documents heading section. It appears within the <HTML>
</HTML> tags and usually before the <BODY> tag.
It is used to define heading related information which at this stage consists
of the documents title and <BASE> tags.
<HEAD> is an important part of good HTML and should always be in every page
along with the <TITLE> which define the documents title.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <HEAD> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<BASE ...>
<TITLE> document Title </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 11. <HTML> - HTML Document. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HTML> defines the start and end of a HTML document. Whilst not strictly
required, it is considered good HTML to have this tag in place.
It can also be used to define the HTML level that is used throughout this
document. Although only the most energetic authors put this in place. Some HTML
editors will create this information for you.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
VERSION="HTMLVersion"
This parameter defines the HTML version used throughout the document
and will look something like this:
VERSION="-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//2.0"
Don't ask me to explain it !
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HTML VERSION="HTMLVersion">
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
<HTML>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 12. <ISINDEX> - Indicates Searchable Index. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
There is no corresponding end tag for <INPUT>.
For long textural documents, a search engine can be made available by including
this tag. To access it you add a query to the end of the URL you use to request
the HTML page like this:
http://www.os2zone.aus.net/subs/zone.html?Derek+Clarkson
Providing that zone.html has the tag <ISINDEX> on it somewhere, the browser
will then search the page it receives for the two words 'Derek' and
'Clarkson'.
Documents that are searchable also have a data entry added to the window from
which you can execute queries on the document. By default the text string
"This is a searchable index. Enter search keybwords:" is used with it, but you
can override this with your own message as per below.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
PROMPT="PromptText"
PromptText is a message which will be displayed at the top of the
document to indicate that it is searchable.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HEAD>
<ISINDEX PROMPT="PromptText">
</HEAD>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 13. <TITLE> - Document Title. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TITLE> is only valid within <HEAD> ... </HEAD> tags.
The <TITLE> Tag defines the documents title which will generally appear in the
title bar of the browser you are using. It can also be used for creating a
table of contents automatically.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TITLE> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Document Title</TITLE>
</HEAD>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 14. <ADDRESS> - Addresses. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <ADDRESS> Tag is used to highlight some text that is an address of some
sort.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <ADDRESS> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<ADDRESS> Address text </ADDRESS>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 15. <B> - Bold Text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <B> Tag bolds all text within it's boundaries.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <B> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<B> ... document text ... </B>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 16. <BLOCKQUOTE> - BlockQuotes. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <BLOCKQUOTE> Tag is most often used to highlight material which has been
sourced from othr documents, whether paper or electronic.
It has the effect of indenting the text which makes it useful for formatting.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <BLOCKQUOTE> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<BLOCKQUOTE> Reference text </BLOCKQUOTE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 17. <BR> - Line Break. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <BR> Tag is used to create a line break between two lines. If you want to
separate paragraphs, then use the <P> Tag. <BR> does the same job but does not
leave any space between the lines.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <BR> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
... text
<BR> ... text
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 18. <CENTER> - Center text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CENTER> Tag Centers all text within it's boundaries.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CENTER> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<CENTER> ... document text ... </CENTER>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 19. <CITE> - Citation. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CITE> Tag is most often used to highlight citations from other documents.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CITE> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<CITE> Reference text </CITE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 20. <CODE> - Program Code. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CODE> Tag is most often used to highlight program code written in a
document as an example.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <CODE> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<CODE> Program code </CODE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 21. <EM> - Emphasis. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <EM> Tag is most often used to provide Emphasis on the enclosed text. This
is most often done as Italics, but is up to the way your browser interprets the
tag.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <EM> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<EM> text </EM>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 22. <FONT> - Font Size. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <FONT> Tag sets the size of all text within it's boundaries bigger or
smaller than the base font size in your browser.
This can be very handy for creating highlighted text by changing it's size or
creating false headings which look like Heading Tags but don't use them.
Note: To create a false heading, use both <FONT> and <B>.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
SIZE=n
This parameter is Required.
n can range from -3 to 5 and indicates the size bigger or smaller
than the default size to make the text.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<FONT SIZE=n> ... document text ... </FONT>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 23. <Hn> - Headings. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <Hn> Tag sets the enclosed text up as a heading. This means that it is set
on it's own Line as though a <P> tags had been added before and after it.
There are currently 6 levels of headings from H1 to H6. The only thing that
they change is the size of the font. Heading 1 is quite big and heading 6 is
normal text size.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <Hn> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<Hn> Heading text </Hn>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 24. <I> - Italic text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <I> Tag Sets all text to Italics within it's boundaries.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <I> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<I> ... document text ... </I>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 25. <KBD> - Keyboard. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <KBD> Tag is most often used to indicate text that is to be, or has been
typed in at the keyboard. This usually results in a Courier font as though you
had used the <PRE> tag, however formatting of spaces and paragraphs is still
done.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <KBD> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<KBD> Text </KBD>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 26. <P> - Paragraph. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <P> Tag creates a new paragraph and also places a few pixels worth of space
between the two paragraphs.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <P> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
... text
<P> ... text
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 27. <PRE> - Preformatted Text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <PRE> Tag cause all text within it's boundaries to remain as it was typed
in.
If you do not add any tags to your document, a browser will reformat the text,
removing carriage returns, extra spaces, etc. so that the text is one big
paragraph, ignoring any formatting you may have done. The <PRE> tag tells the
browser to leave the enclosed text exactly as it is in the source file, extra
spaces and carriage returns included.
This is a very handy facility as it gives you a quick way to create tables and
lists, it can also be useful as the default font is also used for preformatted
text (usually Courier) hich can give a good look to some sections of a
document.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <PRE> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<PRE> document text </PRE>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 28. <SAMP> - Sample text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <SAMP> Tag is most often used to highlight sample output from a program.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <SAMP> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<SAMP> Sample output </SAMP>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 29. <STRONG> - Strong Emphasis. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <STRONG> Tag is most often used to provide a emphasis to the enclosed text.
This typically results in bolding of the text.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <STRONG> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<STRONG> Sample output </STRONG>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 30. <TT> - Teletype text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TT> Tag is most often used to make the enclosed text look as if it had
come off a teletype machine. This usually results in the text be set to a font
of Courier.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TT> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TT> Output Text </TT>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 31. <U> - Underline Text. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <U> Tag Underlines all text within it's boundaries.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <U> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<U> ... document text ... </U>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 32. <VAR> - Variable. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <VAR> Tag is most often used to highlight variable names in the text. This
also usually results in Italic being applied.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <VAR> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<VAR> Variable </VAR>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 33. <A> - Link Anchor. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <A> Tag is used to denote a block of text which is a anchor or clickable
link to another document, a email form, or a file for automatic downloading.
You can also use it to assign names to points in your document which can be
used as targets for links as well. I.e. clicking on the text will goto that
particular spot on the page.
You can also assign images as anchors by including them within the boundaries
of the <A> tag.
This tags requires either the HREF tag or the NAME tag, or both. But at least
one must be present or it does nothing.
To link to another page and also specify where in that page you wish to go, you
would use a link like HREF="./home.html#BOTTOM". The "#" character tells the
browser to use the following text as a place name within the target page. To
simply goto another part of the same page just use the name assigned to that
particular location. I.e. HREF="#BOTTOM".
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
HREF="Target"
Either this parameter or NAME is Required.
Target can be any one of a number of things as follows:
A link to another document. For example, to link to another
site you could use a WWW address such as
"http://www.os2zone.aus.net". Or altenatively you can link to
another page on your own server by using a relative path such
as "../../bitmaps/graph1.html".
An email target. For example to mail me, you would use
"mailto:derek@os2zone.aus.net".
One of a range of other link types. Most common amongst these
are "ftp: ...", "telnet: ...", and "gopher: ...".
NAME="Name"
Either this parameter or HREF is Required.
Name is a unique name to be assigned to this place in this page. You
can use the name in other pages, but only once in the same page.
REL="NEXT | PREVIOUS | PARENT | MADE"
This parameter describes the relationship between this page and the
one being used as the target of the link.
REV="NEXT | PREVIOUS | PARENT | MADE"
This parameter is the reverse of the previous one in that it tells
use the relationship of the target document to the current one.
TITLE="Text"
Text is some advisary information about the title of the target
document. Usually it is the same as the target page's <TITLE> ...
</TITLE> text.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<A HREF="Target" NAME="Name" REL="NEXT | PREVIOUS | PARENT | MADE" REV="NEXT |
PREVIOUS | PARENT | MADE" TITLE="Text"> ... Clickable Anchor Text, images ...
</A>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 34. <HR> - Horizontal Rule. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HR> has no corresponding end tag.
<HR> draws a straight line across the width of the browsers page. This can be
very good for providing visiual queues which break the document up into meanful
sections.
By modifying a couple of parameters you can also control the alignment, width
and thickness of the line, giving you the ability to get quite decorative
effects.
The ultimate rules though are created by using bitmaps which are only a few
pixels high and very wide. You then place then using the <IMG> tag.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER"
Aligns the rule with either the left hand side of the window, right
hand side or centers it.
NOSHADE
There is no value for this parameter.
This tells the browser not to provide shading on the rule.
SIZE=n
n is the number of pixels high to make the rule.
WIDTH="Number | Percentage%"
Number tells the browser to make the rule a specific number of
pixels. Percentage tells it to make the rule a percentage of the
current width of the window.
I prefer using Percenages such as 50% or 75%, as it then does not
matter how wide the surfer has set their window to.
The default for this is the full width of the window.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HR ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | CENTER" NOSHADE SIZE=Number | "Percentage%">
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 35. <IMG> - Graphic Image. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<IMG> has no corresponding end tag.
<IMG> reads in a graphic image stored in a GIF or JPG file from the server and
draws it's contents at the current spot in the browser. This tag is responsible
for almost all the graphics you see on the WWW.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | TOP | TEXTTOP | MIDDLE | ABSMIDDLE | BASELINE | BOTTOM |
ABSBOTTOM"
Aligns the graphic according to one of the following rules:
LEFT Aligns the graphic along the left hand margin and wraps text
around the right hand side of it.
RIGHT Aligns the graphic along the right hand margin and wraps text
around the left hand side of it.
TOP Aligns the graphic with the tallest item in the current line.
TEXTTOP Aligns the graphic with the top of the tallest text in the
line.
MIDDLE Aligns the baseline of the current text with the middle of
the image. NOTE: this does not wrap the text.
ABSMIDDLE Aligns the middel of the text with the middle of the
graphic. NOTE: this does not wrap the text.
BASELINE (Default) Aligns the graphic with the baseline of the
current line.
BOTTOM Same as BASELINE.
ABSBOTTOM Aligns the Graphic with the bottom of the current line.
WIDTH=n
This is required if HEIGHT is present.
n is the width of the image in pixels. Using this helps the browser
to display graphics quickly as it can predict the space needed by
the graphic before it receives it.
HEIGHT=n
This is required if WIDTH is present.
n is the height of the image in pixels. Using this helps the browser
to display graphics quickly as it can predict the space needed by
the graphic before it receives it.
BORDER=n
n is the thickness of the border to be added around the graphic.
VSPACE=n
For images whose alignment will wrap text around them, n is the
number of pixels of blank space to be kept above and below the
image.
HSPACE=n
For images whose alignment will wrap text around them, n is the
number of pixels of blank space to be kept to either side of the
image.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<HR ALIGN="LEFT | RIGHT | TOP | TEXTTOP | MIDDLE | ABSMIDDLE | BASELINE |
BOTTOM | ABSBOTTOM" WIDTH=n HEIGHT=n BORDER=n VSPACE=n HSPACE=n>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 36. <DD> - Definition List, Item Description. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag does not require a corresponding end tag.
It is used to indicate the the next block of text is the description for the
item in the description list. The browser will keep formatting data as part of
this description until a <DT> or </DL> tag is encountered.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <DL> tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<DL>
<DT> Title ...
<DD> Description text ...
</DL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 37. <DIR> - Directory List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag defines the the following items will be part of a directory list. This
is usually a short list of 20 or so items which have short names.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
COMPACT
This parameter cause the browser to reduce the amount of space
between items in the list.
Note:- This is not supported by all browsers.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<DIR COMPACT>
<LI> Item text ...
<LI> Item text ...
</DIR>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 38. <DL> - Definition List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag defines that the following items will be part of a definition list.
This is a list where each item has a title, followed by a description which is
indented from the left margin.
The title text of each item is signified by a <DT> tag. The textural
description of this item is set with a <DD>
Typically this would be used in cases where you are listing some information
and then describing it. For example, a list of WWW URLs with an associated
description of place.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
COMPACT
This parameter cause the browser to reduce the amount of space
between items in the list.
Note:- This is not supported by all browsers.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<DL COMPACT>
<DT> Item title ...
<DD> Item description ...
</DL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 39. <DT> - Definition List, Item Title. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag does not required a corresponding end tag.
This tag defines the title text for each item in a definition list.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag has no parameters.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<DL>
<DT> Item title ...
<DD> Item description ...
</DL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 40. <LI> - List Item. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag does not required a corresponding end tag.
This tag defines the text for each item in a standard list.
Note:It is not used in a definition list.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
TYPE="A | a | I | i | 1 | DISC | CIRCLE | SQUARE"
This parameter is used to over ride the settings of the <OL> or <UL>
tags, see them for further details of this parameter.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<OL>
<LI> Item text ...
</OL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 41. <MENU> - Menu List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag defines a menu list which is a list of items where each item would fit
on one line.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
COMPACT
This parameter cause the browser to reduce the amount of space
between items in the list.
Note:- This is not supported by all browsers.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<MENU>
<LI> Item text ...
</MENU>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 42. <OL> - Ordered List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag defines a list where each item is assigned a number. This makes it
very useful insituations such as instruction manuals.
All items within this list must be preceeded with a <LI> tag.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
COMPACT
This parameter cause the browser to reduce the amount of space
between items in the list.
Note:- This is not supported by all browsers.
TYPE="A | a | I | i | 1"
This parameter specifies the numbering system to be used.
A - Uppercase alphabetic letters.
a - Lowercase alphabetic letters.
I - Uppercase Roman letters.
i - Lowercase Roman letters.
1 - Aribic numbers (default).
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<OL TYPE="A | a | I | i | 1">
<LI> Item text ...
</OL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 43. <UL> - Un-Ordered List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
This tag defines a list where each item is unordered. It therefore assigns a
bullet to indicate the new item. This makes it useful for such things as
listing software features etc.
All items within this list must be preceeded with a <LI> tag.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
COMPACT
This parameter cause the browser to reduce the amount of space
between items in the list.
Note:- This is not supported by all browsers.
TYPE="DISC | CIRCLE | SQUARE"
This parameter specifies the bullet type to be used.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<UL TYPE="DISC | CIRCLE | SQUARE">
<LI> Item text ...
</UL>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 44. <INPUT> - Data Input Objects. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
There is no corresponding end tag for <INPUT>.
This tag defines a form object. There are a number available:
Text Entry fields. These are used to collect textural data. They only
expect a single line of text.
Password Entry fields. These are used to collect a password. Any typed
characters are replaced with a "*" character.
Hidden Data fields. These are used to pass predefined strings to the CGI
script. Usually such things as a file name, screen name, directory, etc.
CheckBoxes. Standard window checkboxes to indicate an On/Off state.
Radio Buttons. Multichoice selections. Again standard window stuff.
Submit Buttons. Used to submit the form to the CGI script for processing.
Reset Buttons. Reset and blanks the form.
Image Buttons. Uncommon, but allows you to design your own buttons.
Each form object that you add to a HTML page must have a couple of things so
that the CGI script can understand what to do with the data. Firstly it must
have a TYPE parameter which tells it which of the above objects is being
defined, and secondly it must have a NAME parameter which defines the varibale
to be used for passing the objects data to the script.
The requirements of other parameters is dependant on which type of object is
being used.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
TYPE="TEXT | PASSWORD | CHECKBOX | HIDDEN | RADIO | SUBMIT | RESET | IMAGE"
This parameter is require.
This parameter defines the type of object being created.
NAME="Name"
This parameter is require.
This parameter specifies the name for the variable that will be
passed to the CGI script. It must be unique within the form and it
must follow any naming conventions that the scripting language has.
VALUE="Value"
Value has different meanings depending on the object type. If it is
a text entry field then it is the default text to be displayed. For
radio buttons and checkboxes it is the value to be displayed and is
also the value passed to the script to indicated that the item has
been selected. For Submit and Reset buttons it is the text to be
displayed on the buttton.
SIZE=n
N is the visible size of textural fields in characters. Hidden
fields do not need this parameter.
MAXLENGTH=n
n is the maximum numbr of characters the field will accept. Only
relevant for text entry fields and password fields.
CHECKED
For radio buttons and checkboxes, this sets the object to selected
before the document is displayed to the user.
ALIGN="TOP | MIDDLE | BOTTOM"
This sets the alignment of objects when graphics are also within the
<FORM> ... </FORM> boundaries. Refer to the <IMG> tag for further
information.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<INPUT TYPE="TEXT | PASSWORD | CHECKBOX | HIDDEN | RADIO | SUBMIT | RESET |
IMAGE" NAME="Name" VALUE="Value" SIZE="n" MAXLENGTH="n" CHECKED ALIGN="TOP |
MIDDLE | BOTTOM">
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 45. <OPTION> - Selection List Item. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
There is no corresponding end tag for <OPTION>.
This tag is only valid within a <SELECT> ... </SELECT> tag. It defines a item
in a selection list which you can select. For example if you wanted to offer a
list including oranges, apples and pears for selection, then you would need to
define a <OPTION> tag for each one.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
VALUE="Value"
Value is the text string that will be displayed in the selection box
as well as the text string that will be returned to the CGI script.
SELECTED
This defines this item as the default item in the list.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<SELECT>
<OPTION VALUE="Value">
<OPTION VALUE="Value" SELECTED>
<OPTION VALUE="Value">
</SELECT>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 46. <SELECT> - Selection List. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <SELECT> tag defines a group of <OPTION> tags which will be presented as a
scrollable list of items for selection.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
NAME="Name"
This parameter is require.
This parameter specifies the name for the variable that will be
passed to the CGI script. It must be unique within the form and it
must follow any naming conventions that the scripting language has.
SIZE=n
N is the number of lines to be visible when the form is displayed.
The user can then scroll through this to access other options.
MULTIPLE
Allows the user to select multiple items at a single time.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<SELECT NAME="Name" SIZE=n MULTIPLE>
<OPTION VALUE="Value">
<OPTION VALUE="Value" SELECTED>
<OPTION VALUE="Value">
</SELECT>
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 47. <TEXTAREA> - Multi-Line Text input. ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
The <TEXTAREA> tag defines a multi-line textarea on the pdocument which can be
used for more complex textural entry. For example they are most used in email
pages, or pages where you can write comments, replies, etc.
To create some default text for a textarea, simple place it between the
<TEXTAREA> and </TEXTAREA> tags.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Parameters ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
NAME="Name"
This parameter is require.
This parameter specifies the name for the variable that will be
passed to the CGI script. It must be unique within the form and it
must follow any naming conventions that the scripting language has.
ROWS=n
N is the number of rows of text to be displayed. To get more a
scroll bar is added automatically. 24 is the default.
COLS=n
N is the number of characters wide that the textare will be. 80 is
the default.
ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ <hidden> Syntax ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ
<TEXTAREA NAME="Name ROWS="n COLS="n>
... Default text goes here ....
</TEXTAREA>